本文選題：濕地型生態(tài)島 + 植物適應性�。� 參考：《蘇州大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前的人工浮島技術(shù)和人工濕地技術(shù),應用于城市河道中存在二次污染、管理難度大和影響景觀、休閑和生態(tài)功能等不足之處。因此,探討新型的生態(tài)修復技術(shù)對城市河道修復具有重要的理論和實踐指導意義。濕地型生態(tài)島結(jié)合人工濕地和生態(tài)島技術(shù)兩者的特點,創(chuàng)新了應用于城市河道水環(huán)境的生態(tài)修復技術(shù)。本文通過水生態(tài)試驗研究基地中試和望山河城市河道實例,比較不同植物在傳統(tǒng)生態(tài)島和濕地型生態(tài)島上的適應性、凈化潛能和水質(zhì)凈化效果,分析適宜的植物-生態(tài)島組合;比較污染水質(zhì)下2種類型濕地型生態(tài)島上植物的越冬情況、植物適應性和氮磷積累量,研究不同生態(tài)島上適宜生長的植物和適宜植物生長的生態(tài)島類型;分析濕地型生態(tài)島在河道中降雨前后的水質(zhì)凈化效果。得出以下結(jié)論。1.中試試驗中,從植物適應性和植物凈化潛力方面分析,濕地型生態(tài)島對植物生長和氮磷的積累量均高于常規(guī)型生態(tài)島;鳶尾的適應性和凈化潛力均高于蘆葦。植物對水質(zhì)的凈化效果方面分析,種植植物的生態(tài)島的污染去除率均高于無植物對照組;除NO3--N的去除效果外,濕地型生態(tài)島對污染水質(zhì)的凈化效果高于常規(guī)型生態(tài)島,對TN的去除率最低,硝態(tài)氮去除率最高。蘆葦與鳶尾相較,除NO3--N的去除效果外,鳶尾的凈化效果高于蘆葦。2.城市河道中,鳶尾與黃菖蒲在蘇州地區(qū)均可以常綠越冬。香蒲發(fā)芽期在3月左右,梭魚草發(fā)芽期一般在3月中下旬至4月。發(fā)芽時間依次為:香蒲梭魚草水蔥。植物發(fā)芽率依次為梭魚草水蔥香蒲。在2014年1月-2014年10月期間,水質(zhì)情況有所好轉(zhuǎn)。高錳酸鹽指數(shù)下降39.02%,TP濃度下降了44%,TN和NH3-N分別下降55.70%、67.2%,COD濃度和BOD濃度變化不大。3.A型生態(tài)島更利于3種植物的株高和根數(shù)增加、植物生長和氮磷的積累,提高濕地系統(tǒng)去除氮磷的能力。A島黃菖蒲、鳶尾、梭魚草的總生物量和地下生物量大小為B島的1.214、1.951、1.750倍和1.869、2.266、1.472倍。植物適應性和凈化潛力分析最佳方案為:梭魚草鳶尾黃菖蒲水蔥。4.城市河道生態(tài)島內(nèi)部濃度高于生態(tài)島外部。降雨時COD、BOD5含量上升較為明顯,TP濃度有所降低,TN、NH3-N濃度變化不大。濕地型生態(tài)島對河道污染物的去除起到一定作用。濕地型生態(tài)島對河道的凈化和生態(tài)景觀效果均起到一定的作用,中和城市河道呆滯死板的現(xiàn)狀,既提高水質(zhì)凈化-河道修復的效果,又在有限的空間中添加了景觀效果,鳶尾和黃菖蒲在蘇州地區(qū)可常綠越冬,適宜于冬季的城市河道治理,景觀效果較好。
[Abstract]:At present, artificial floating island technology and constructed wetland technology are used in urban river channels with secondary pollution, difficult management and deficiencies such as affecting landscape, leisure and ecological functions.Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the new ecological restoration technology for urban river restoration.Combining the characteristics of constructed wetland and ecological island technology, the wetland ecological island has innovated the ecological restoration technology applied to urban river water environment.This paper compares the adaptability, purification potential and water quality purification effect of different plants on the traditional ecological island and wetland ecological island through the pilot test of water ecological experiment base and the example of Wangshan River city river channel, and analyzes the suitable combination of plant-ecological island.The overwintering situation, plant adaptability and nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation of two types of wetland ecological islands under polluted water quality were compared, and the suitable plants for different ecological islands and the suitable ecological island types for plant growth were studied.The purification effect of wetland ecological island before and after rainfall was analyzed.Draw the following conclusion.In the pilot-scale experiment, the plant growth and nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation of wetland ecological island were higher than that of conventional ecological island, and the adaptability and purification potential of Iris were higher than that of Reed.The results showed that the pollution removal rate of the plant ecological island was higher than that of the control group, except for the removal effect of NO3--N, the purification effect of the wetland ecological island was higher than that of the conventional ecological island.TN removal rate is the lowest and nitrate nitrogen removal efficiency is the highest.In addition to the removal effect of NO3--N, the purification effect of Reed was higher than that of Reed. 2.In urban river course, Iris and Acorus calamus can survive the winter evergreen in Suzhou area.The germinating period of cattail is about March, and that of barracuda is from late March to April.The sprouting time was as follows: barracuda barracuda and scallions.The germination rate of the plants was Barracuda barracuda, scallions and cattails in turn.Water quality improved between January 2014 and October 2014.The concentration of TN and NH3-N decreased by 55.70% and 55.70%, respectively. The change of BOD concentration and COD concentration were not significant. 3.3.A ecological island was more favorable to increase plant height and root number, plant growth and accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus.To improve the capacity of removing nitrogen and phosphorus in wetland system. The total biomass and underground biomass of Acorus calamus, Iris and barracuda were 1.750 times and 1.869 times of B island, respectively.The best scheme of plant adaptability and purification potential analysis is: pike, Iris iris, Acorus calamus, onion. 4.The internal concentration of urban river ecological island is higher than that of the outside of the ecological island.The content of COD _ (2) O _ (5) increased significantly during rainfall, and the concentration of TP decreased slightly. The concentration of NH _ 3-N of TNN did not change much.Wetland ecological islands play a certain role in the removal of river pollutants.Wetland ecological islands play a certain role in the purification of river channels and ecological landscape effects. The stagnant status of urban watercourses not only improves the effect of water purification and river restoration, but also adds the landscape effect to the limited space.Iris rubrum and Acorus calamus can live through the winter evergreen in Suzhou area, suitable for urban river treatment in winter, and the landscape effect is better.
【學位授予單位】：蘇州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X173;X522;TV85

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