本文選題：干旱半干旱地區(qū) + 河西走廊��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：干旱半干旱地區(qū)的水文模擬一直是水文模型領(lǐng)域研究的重點(diǎn),河西走廊作為我國(guó)典型的干旱半干旱地區(qū),面臨突出的水資源問(wèn)題。本文系統(tǒng)介紹了流域水文模型的發(fā)展過(guò)程、原理及相關(guān)研究現(xiàn)狀,并介紹了氣候變化研究的相關(guān)進(jìn)展及主要研究方法。以河西走廊疏勒河、黑河、石羊河三大內(nèi)陸河流域作為研究區(qū)域,基于分布式時(shí)變?cè)鲆婺Ｐ?DTVGM)構(gòu)建了適用于河西走廊地區(qū)的水循環(huán)模型,對(duì)DTVGM模型的參數(shù)優(yōu)化算法進(jìn)行了研究。在此基礎(chǔ)上分析評(píng)估了氣候變化對(duì)河西走廊地區(qū)水文循環(huán)的影響。論文的主要成果如下： (1)分析了河西走廊地區(qū)的水資源的問(wèn)題及現(xiàn)狀,并對(duì)研究區(qū)內(nèi)的三大內(nèi)陸河流域疏勒河、黑河、石羊河的水文要素進(jìn)行了分析,其中對(duì)三大流域的氣溫及降水?dāng)?shù)據(jù)分析表明,河西走廊地區(qū)整體的氣溫及降水量都呈波動(dòng)上升的趨勢(shì),且河西走廊地區(qū)降水量年內(nèi)分配不均。 (2)采用粒子群算法(PSO)對(duì)DTVGM模型的參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,優(yōu)化效果良好,表明基于DTVGM模型構(gòu)建的河西走廊水循環(huán)模型適用于干旱半干旱地區(qū)的水文模擬。河西走廊三大流域絕大多數(shù)重點(diǎn)斷面的徑流過(guò)程均取得了較好的模擬結(jié)果,日過(guò)程效率系數(shù)在0.6以上,月過(guò)程效率系數(shù)在0.7以上。 (3)分析氣候變化對(duì)河西走廊地區(qū)水文循環(huán)的影響,結(jié)果表明河西走廊三大流域的徑流量與降水量呈線性關(guān)系,隨著降水量的增加而呈逐漸增加的趨勢(shì)；而徑流量隨氣溫變化而上下波動(dòng),其主要原因是氣溫變化同時(shí)作用于蒸發(fā)及融雪。蒸發(fā)與融雪對(duì)徑流量的作用效果是相反的,在不同溫度下,蒸發(fā)與融雪交替占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位。當(dāng)前的氣候變化趨勢(shì)有益于河西走廊地區(qū)徑流量的增加。
[Abstract]:Hydrological simulation in arid and semi-arid areas has always been the focus of research in the field of hydrological models. As a typical arid and semi-arid region in China, the Hexi Corridor is faced with outstanding water resources problems.This paper systematically introduces the development process, principle and related research status of watershed hydrological model, and introduces the related progress and main research methods of climate change research.Taking the three inland river basins of Shule River, Heihe River and Shiyang River in the Hexi Corridor as the study area, a water cycle model suitable for the Hexi Corridor is constructed based on the distributed time-varying gain model (DTVGM). The parameter optimization algorithm of the DTVGM model is studied.On this basis, the impacts of climate change on hydrological cycle in Hexi Corridor region are analyzed and evaluated.The main results of the paper are as follows:1) the problems and present situation of water resources in Hexi Corridor region are analyzed, and the hydrological elements of Shule River, Heihe River and Shiyang River in three inland river basins in the study area are analyzed.The temperature and precipitation in Hexi Corridor area fluctuate and increase, and the distribution of precipitation in Hexi Corridor is uneven.2) the parameters of DTVGM model are optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO), and the results show that the water cycle model of Hexi Corridor based on DTVGM model is suitable for hydrological simulation in arid and semi-arid areas.The runoff process of most key sections in the three major watersheds of Hexi Corridor has obtained good simulation results. The efficiency coefficient of daily process is more than 0.6 and the efficiency coefficient of monthly process is more than 0.7.3) the effect of climate change on hydrological cycle in Hexi Corridor area is analyzed. The results show that the runoff and precipitation of the three basins in Hexi Corridor are linearly related to the precipitation, and gradually increase with the increase of precipitation.The main reason is that the change of air temperature acts on evaporation and snowmelt at the same time.The effect of evaporation and snowmelt on runoff is opposite. At different temperatures, evaporation and snowmelt are dominant alternately.The current trend of climate change is beneficial to the increase of runoff in Hexi Corridor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P467;P334.92

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