本文選題：溯源沖刷預測　切入點：庫容恢復率　出處：《水科學進展》2016年05期

【摘要】：水庫溯源沖刷試驗是評估在水庫速降水位過程中,結(jié)合工程控制條件、水沙條件、沖刷時機和初始水庫蓄水條件等因素,研究支流攔門沙坎破壞程度對干流溯源沖刷的影響。采用按照水庫高含沙模型相似律建立的小浪底水庫實體模型開展了4個組次的水庫降水庫區(qū)發(fā)生溯源沖刷的試驗,第1~4組次庫容恢復率依次為11.6%、6.8%、12.2%和6.6%。攔門沙坎破壞越嚴重,水量越大,庫區(qū)溯源沖刷量越大,庫容恢復率大;侵蝕基準面越低,庫區(qū)溯源沖刷量大,庫容恢復率大;庫區(qū)淤積量42.00億m~3時采用降低水位引起庫區(qū)發(fā)生溯源沖刷優(yōu)于庫區(qū)淤積量32.00億m~3。對原有的陜西水利科學研究所與清華大學的逐日溯源沖刷公式在考慮支流促因的基礎上進行了改進,說明支流蓄水量進入干流越多,引起支流口以下的干流河段沖刷量越大,其計算結(jié)果與實測值滿足生產(chǎn)實踐精度,可作為多沙河流水庫調(diào)水調(diào)沙方案制定參考。
[Abstract]:The scour test of reservoir traceability is to evaluate the influence of failure degree of branch bar on traceability of main stream in the process of rapid water level drop in reservoir, combined with engineering control condition, water and sediment condition, scour time and initial reservoir water storage condition and so on.The model of Xiaolangdi reservoir based on the similarity law of high sediment content model is used to carry out the experiment of tracing erosion in the precipitation reservoir area of 4 groups. The recovery rate of reservoir capacity of the first and fourth groups is 11.60.82% and 6.6% respectively.The more serious the damage is, the greater the amount of water, the larger the amount of traceability scour, the greater the recovery rate of reservoir capacity, the lower the base level of erosion, the larger the amount of traceability scour and the greater the recovery rate of reservoir capacity.The sediment amount of 4.2 billion m ~ 3 in the reservoir area is better than that in the reservoir area by reducing the water level and causing traceability erosion of the reservoir area, which is 3.2 billion mm3.Based on the improvement of the original formula of daily traceability erosion of Shaanxi Institute of Water Conservancy Science and Tsinghua University, it is shown that the more the water storage of tributaries enters the main stream, the greater the amount of scour in the main stream below the tributaries is caused by the consideration of the promoting factors of the tributaries.The calculated results and the measured values can meet the practical production accuracy and can be used as a reference for the water and sediment transfer and sediment regulation schemes of many sediment rivers and reservoirs.
【作者單位】： 武漢大學水資源與水電工程科學國家重點實驗室;黃河水利委員會黃河水利科學研究院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金資助項目(51309110) 黃河水利委員會黃河水利科學研究院院所基金資助項目(HKY-JBYW-2014-01)~~
【分類號】：TV145

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