本文選題：海綿城市　切入點(diǎn)：低影響開發(fā)　出處：《西安理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前城市的高速發(fā)展,使得地表不透水面積越來越大,這就改變了城市降雨過程中雨水自然入滲的過程,從而對城市雨水徑流的水文、水質(zhì)情況造成了負(fù)面影響,當(dāng)暴雨來臨時,城市內(nèi)澇以及水體水質(zhì)惡化等一系列環(huán)境問題也隨之產(chǎn)生。低影響開發(fā)系統(tǒng)通過匯集入滲的形式將城市降雨徑流從源頭上進(jìn)行消納吸收,這樣不但緩解了城市化造成的城市內(nèi)澇問題,而且在一定程度上補(bǔ)充了地下水,因此在海綿城市建設(shè)中,低影響開發(fā)系統(tǒng)越來越受到重視。本文通過研究低影響開發(fā)系統(tǒng)中下沉式綠地對雨水徑流量削減和污染物去除作用,取得以下研究成果:(1)通過學(xué)習(xí)海綿城市的理念,研究低影響開發(fā)雨水系統(tǒng)的模式,設(shè)計(jì)并修建兩套.低影響開發(fā)雨水系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)A為下沉式綠地和滲水井的結(jié)合,其中下沉式綠地面積為2Om2,內(nèi)部設(shè)計(jì)兩個直徑60cm,深120cm的滲水井,兩個滲水井采用不同規(guī)格的填料進(jìn)行填充;系統(tǒng)B為下沉式綠地和滲水渠的結(jié)合,其中下沉式綠地面積為50m2,內(nèi)部設(shè)計(jì)一條5. 5m寬1m深lm的滲水渠,渠底部設(shè)計(jì)集水槽,上層采用不同規(guī)格的填料進(jìn)行填充。系統(tǒng)A和系統(tǒng)B表層均覆蓋一定厚度的土層并種植草皮。(2)兩套系統(tǒng)對監(jiān)測期內(nèi)降雨平均徑流量削減率分別為84.5%和89. 2%,對平均峰值流量削減率分別為88. 4%和91%。(3)監(jiān)測期內(nèi)不同降雨場次,兩套系統(tǒng)對于降雨徑流中SS的平均去除率分別為64. 5%和65. 2%;對于徑流雨水TP平均去除率分別為49. 6%和43%;對于COD平均去除率分別為52. 8%和52. 3%;對于TN平均去除率分別為71%和61. 3%;對于NH4+-N平均去除率分別為66%和53. 3%。兩套系統(tǒng)對于下滲雨水TP平均去除率分別為83. 5%和58. 9%; COD平均去除率分別為80%和77. 9%; TN平均去除率分別為74%和62%; NH4+-N平均去除率分別為82. 3%和79. 6%。(4)對于低影響開發(fā)系統(tǒng),政府及有關(guān)部門應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)雨水收集利用的立法工作,盡快完善法規(guī)體系建設(shè),加強(qiáng)政策引導(dǎo),使低影響開發(fā)系統(tǒng)步入法制化和正規(guī)化的軌道;同時應(yīng)通過各種渠道普及相關(guān)知識,轉(zhuǎn)變公眾觀念,提高群眾參與的積極性,促進(jìn)節(jié)水型社會的建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:At present, with the rapid development of cities, the area of surface impermeability is becoming larger and larger. This has changed the process of Rain Water's natural infiltration in the process of urban rainfall, which has had a negative impact on the hydrology and water quality of the urban Rain Water runoff.When the rainstorm comes, a series of environmental problems such as urban waterlogging and water quality deterioration also arise.The low-impact development system absorbs the urban rainfall runoff from the source by collecting the infiltration, which not only alleviates the urban waterlogging problem caused by urbanization, but also replenishes the groundwater to some extent.Therefore, in sponge city construction, low impact development system has been paid more and more attention.In this paper, by studying the effects of sunken green space on the runoff reduction and pollutant removal of Rain Water in the low impact development system, the following research results were obtained: 1) by studying the concept of sponge city, we studied the mode of low impact development of Rain Water system.Design and build two sets.Low impact development Rain Water system.System A is the combination of submerged greenbelt and permeable well, in which the area of sunken greenbelt is 2Om2, the inner design is two diameters of 60 cm, the depth of 120cm is 60 cm, and the two wells are filled with different specifications of fillers.System B is the combination of submerged greenbelt and seeping canal, in which the area of sunken greenbelt is 50 m2, and the inner design is 5. 5%.The seeping canal with 5m width 1m deep and lm deep is designed to collect water at the bottom of the canal, and the upper layer is filled with different fillers of different specifications.System A and system B cover a certain thickness of soil layer and plant sod. 2) the average rainfall runoff reduction rate of system A and system B are 84.5% and 89% respectively during the monitoring period.The reduction rates of the average peak flow were 88. 3% respectively.During the monitoring period, the average removal rate of SS in the two systems was 64.5 percent and 65 percent.The average removal rate of Rain Water TP for runoff was 49. 5%.The average removal rate of COD was 52. 2% for 6% and 43% for COD, respectively.8 percent and 52 percent.The average removal rate of TN was 71% and 61% respectively.The average removal rate of NH4-N was 66% and 53% respectively.Three.The average removal rate of Rain Water TP in the two systems was 83. 3% respectively.5 percent and 58 percent.The average removal rate of COD was 80% and 77% respectively.The average removal rate of TN was 74% and 62%, respectively, and the average removal rate of NH4-N was 82%.3 percent and 79 percent.For the low impact development system, the government and relevant departments should strengthen the legislative work collected and utilized by Rain Water, improve the construction of the legal system as soon as possible, strengthen the policy guidance, and make the low impact development system enter the track of legalization and formalization;At the same time, we should popularize the relevant knowledge through various channels, change the public concept, improve the enthusiasm of the masses to participate, and promote the construction of water-saving society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU992;TV213.9

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