本文選題：濕陷性黃土　切入點：增濕變形　出處：《中國水利水電科學研究院》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：目前,黃土渠道地基濕陷性評價和處理方面仍采用"最大濕陷變形"的思想,與工程實際有一定的差距。本文基于"可能濕陷變形"的設計思想和方法,探討了濕陷性黃土地基的評價和處理方法,取得的成果摘要如下:(1)開展了原狀黃土增濕變形特性的試驗研究。首先引入了"增濕水平"這一變量來描述土體的濕度狀態(tài);其次以新疆伊犁黃土為對象,開展了側限條件下的分級浸水試驗,測得了不同豎向壓力下各增濕水平Sw所對應的增濕變形系數(shù)δup、基質吸力s以及靜止土壓力系數(shù)K0,通過分析Sw-δuP、Sw-s、Sw-K0相關關系,建立了側限條件下增濕過程中的增濕變形本構模型、土水特征曲線模型以及靜止土壓力系數(shù)表達式;然后以陜西張橋黃土為對象,通過三軸等應力比條件下的分級浸水試驗,測得不同三軸應力狀態(tài)下各增濕水平所對應的增濕體應變εvz、增濕剪應變εrz,在對Sw-εvz、Sw-εrz相關關系進行數(shù)學描述的基礎上,建立了三軸應力條件下增濕過程中的增濕變形本構模型;最后在伊犁某黃土渠道地基上,進行了現(xiàn)場浸水試驗,測得了現(xiàn)場的變形場和濕度場,揭示了該場地浸水過程的濕陷變形規(guī)律。(2)進行了黃土地基增濕變形離心模型試驗研究。對伊犁某渠道濕陷性黃土地基典型層原狀黃土開展了飽和度為40%、60%與100%的3組離心模型試驗,在模型中設置分層變形觀測點和土壓力傳感器,模擬自重應力下實際地基在增濕過程中的分層變形特性和土壓力變化規(guī)律;在黃土地基增濕變形離心模型試驗的基礎上,以黃土地區(qū)修正系數(shù)β0為橋梁,提出了一個基于離心模型試驗的黃土濕陷試驗新方法,并與現(xiàn)場浸水試驗成果相比較,較符合工程實際。(3)提出了黃土渠道地基濕陷性評價新方法。根據(jù)渠道工程特點,采用非飽和土滲透理論和本文建立的黃土增濕變形本構模型,提出了基于"可能濕陷變形"的黃土渠基濕陷性評價方法;參照《渠道防滲工程技術規(guī)范》(GB/T 50600-2010)和《渠道抗凍脹設計規(guī)范》(SL 23-2006),考慮到當前渠道工程普遍采用板膜結構的實際,以"可能濕陷變形"設計思想,提出了渠道地基濕陷等級劃分標準和渠道重要性類別劃分標準;采用"可能濕陷變形"的黃土渠道地基濕陷性評價新方法,以新疆伊犁一大型引水渠道工程為例進行了渠基濕陷性評價,結果表明本文提出的方法較為合理可行。
[Abstract]:At present, the idea of "maximum subsidence deformation" is still adopted in the evaluation and treatment of collapsibility of loess canal foundation, which is different from engineering practice. This paper is based on the design idea and method of "possible collapse deformation". The evaluation and treatment methods of collapsible loess foundation are discussed. The results are summarized as follows: (1) the experimental study on the humidification deformation characteristics of undisturbed loess is carried out. Firstly, the "humidification level" is introduced to describe the soil moisture state. Secondly, taking the Yili loess in Xinjiang as the object, the paper carried out the step immersion test under the condition of lateral limit. The humidification deformation coefficient 未 up, matrix suction s and static earth pressure coefficient K0 corresponding to different humidification levels under different vertical pressures were measured. By analyzing the correlation relationship between Sw- 未 UPU Sw-slSw-K0 and humidifying deformation, a humidification deformation constitutive model was established under the lateral limit condition. The soil-water characteristic curve model and the expression of the static earth pressure coefficient, and then taking Zhangqiao loess in Shaanxi as an example, the steeped soaking test under the condition of triaxial equal stress ratio is carried out. The humidifying body strain 蔚 VZ and the humidification shear strain 蔚 RZ under different triaxial stress state are measured. Based on the mathematical description of Sw- 蔚 VZN Sw- 蔚 rz correlation relationship, the constitutive model of humidification deformation under triaxial stress condition is established. Finally, the field soaking test was carried out on a loess canal foundation in Yili, and the deformation field and humidity field were measured. The centrifugal model test of wetting deformation of loess foundation was carried out. The saturation of the typical loess layer of collapsible loess foundation in Yili was 40% 60% and 100% respectively. Group centrifugal model test, The delamination deformation observation points and earth pressure sensors are set up in the model to simulate the delamination deformation characteristics and the soil pressure variation law of the actual foundation in the process of humidification under the self-gravity stress, and on the basis of the centrifuge model test of the loess foundation humidification deformation, A new method of loess collapsibility test based on centrifuge model test is put forward with the correction coefficient 尾 _ 0 in loess area as bridge, and the results are compared with the results of in-situ soaking test. A new method for evaluating the collapsibility of loess canal foundation is put forward. According to the characteristics of channel engineering, the unsaturated soil permeation theory and the constitutive model of loess humidification deformation established in this paper are adopted. The evaluation method of collapsibility of loess canal base based on "possible collapsing deformation" is put forward, with reference to the Technical Code for Canal seepage Control Engineering (GB / T50600-2010) and the Design Code for Canal Frost Resistance (SL23-2006C), considering the fact that the current channel engineering generally adopts slab-membrane structure, Based on the design idea of "possible collapsible deformation", this paper puts forward the criteria for classification of grade and importance of channel foundation, and adopts a new method of evaluation of collapsibility of loess canal foundation based on "possible collapse deformation". Taking a large diversion channel project in Yili, Xinjiang as an example, the collapsibility of canal foundation is evaluated. The results show that the method proposed in this paper is reasonable and feasible.
【學位授予單位】：中國水利水電科學研究院
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV223

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