本文選題：模型試驗　切入點：樞紐布置　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文依托澧水青山樞紐船閘改造工程項目，采用整體水工物理模型、船模試驗和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法，對彎曲分汊河道航電樞紐的平面布置，彎曲分汊河道引航道口門區(qū)水流特性，改善彎曲分汊河道引航道口門區(qū)的通航水流條件措施等進(jìn)行了研究。 通過對澧水青山樞紐航電樞紐布置研究，得出彎曲分汊河道樞紐建筑物宜采用分散布置。對通航建筑物分別布置在左、右兩汊兩個方案進(jìn)行了試驗研究，，分析了兩種方案的上、下游口門區(qū)及連接段通航水流條件，對于復(fù)雜地形的彎道口門區(qū)通航條件受地形和流量的影響較大，小流量時水深淺通航條件差，隨著流量和水深的增大地形對通航條件的影響逐漸減小。原設(shè)計左、右汊船閘兩個方案的上、下游口門區(qū)水流條件都不能滿足通航水流條件的規(guī)范；對原設(shè)計方案進(jìn)行初步優(yōu)化后，口門區(qū)通航水流條件仍然無法達(dá)到規(guī)范要求。結(jié)合航電樞紐布置、原設(shè)計方案試驗及初步優(yōu)化試驗分析，左汊船閘方案優(yōu)于右汊船閘方案，右汊船閘方案進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化困難，而左汊船閘方案還有很大的優(yōu)化空間。將左汊船閘方案作為推薦方案，針對左汊下游口門區(qū)附近河床凸凹不平，沙丘、深槽錯落，多串溝的復(fù)雜地形，采用整平河床、封堵導(dǎo)流墩缺口、延長隔流堤及局部擴(kuò)寬航槽等措施，進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化后左汊下游口門區(qū)水流條件達(dá)到規(guī)范要求。因此，彎曲分汊河道船閘布置應(yīng)分別通過左、右汊的優(yōu)化比較來確定。 通過建立平均水深二維有限元數(shù)學(xué)模型，經(jīng)過驗證，數(shù)學(xué)模型與物模吻合較好，可以用于數(shù)值計算。通過對口門區(qū)水流條件的數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)回流區(qū)域長度與橫流強(qiáng)度呈負(fù)相關(guān)，回流區(qū)域越長橫流強(qiáng)度越弱。數(shù)值模擬成果進(jìn)一步驗證整平河床、封堵導(dǎo)流墩缺口并局部擴(kuò)寬航槽等措施能夠有效地減小口門區(qū)橫向流速。
[Abstract]:Based on the Lishui Qingshan Shiplock renovation Project, this paper adopts the method of integral hydraulic physical model, ship model test and numerical simulation to arrange the plane of the navigation and power junction of the curved branching channel. The characteristics of flow in the entrance of the approach channel of the curved branching channel and the measures to improve the navigable flow conditions in the entrance area of the approach channel of the curved branching channel are studied in this paper. Based on the study of the layout of the navigation and power hub of the Qingshan Hub in Lishui River, it is concluded that the construction of the curved braided river junction should be dispersed. The experimental study on the two schemes of the navigation structure arranged in the left and right branches is carried out. In this paper, the navigable flow conditions of the upstream and downstream entrance areas and the connecting sections are analyzed. The navigable conditions of the curved entrance areas with complex topography are greatly affected by the topography and the flow rate, and the water depth and shallow navigation conditions are poor when the flow rate is small. With the increase of discharge and water depth, the influence of topography on navigable conditions decreases gradually. The upstream and downstream flow conditions in the upstream and downstream gate areas of the original design of left and right branch shiplock can not meet the requirements of navigable flow conditions. After the initial optimization of the original design scheme, the navigable flow conditions in the entrance area are still unable to meet the requirements of the specification. Combined with the layout of the navigation and power hub, the original design scheme test and preliminary optimization test analysis show that the left branch shiplock scheme is superior to the right branch shiplock scheme. The right branch shiplock scheme is difficult to be optimized further, but the left branch shiplock scheme has great room for optimization. Taking the left branch shiplock scheme as the recommended scheme, the river bed is uneven, sand dunes and deep grooves are dislocated near the downstream gate area of the left branch. In the complex terrain of multi-channel, leveling the river bed, closing the gap of diversion pier, prolonging the barrier and widening the navigation channel, and so on, further optimize the flow conditions of the downstream entrance of the left branch to meet the requirements of the specification. The arrangement of the ship lock in the curved branching channel should be determined by the optimum comparison of the left and right branches respectively. Through the establishment of 2-D finite element mathematical model of mean water depth, it is verified that the mathematical model is in good agreement with the physical model, and can be used for numerical calculation. It is found that the length of the reflux region is negatively correlated with the cross-flow intensity, and the longer the circumfluence region is, the weaker the cross-flow intensity is. Measures such as plugging the gap of diversion piers and widening the channel can effectively reduce the transverse velocity in the orifice area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV632;U612.23

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