本文選題：水庫(kù)退役　切入點(diǎn)：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本論文以陜西省現(xiàn)有退役中小型水庫(kù)工程為對(duì)象,開(kāi)展了深入細(xì)致的調(diào)查工作,把握了省內(nèi)退役水庫(kù)的安全現(xiàn)狀;收集了國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外多個(gè)水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文本,并對(duì)比分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的異同點(diǎn),找出了我國(guó)水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn)存在的問(wèn)題,提出了對(duì)我國(guó)水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的修改意見(jiàn);建立了水庫(kù)退役評(píng)估的層次分析方法模型,針對(duì)陜西榆林地區(qū)水庫(kù)退役用提出的方法進(jìn)行了評(píng)估,取得了較好的效果。論文得到的成果如下:(1)國(guó)內(nèi)外水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的在安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)、生態(tài)環(huán)境方面高度一致。但是存在較多的不同之處,主要體現(xiàn)在以下方面:開(kāi)展的基礎(chǔ)及出發(fā)點(diǎn);退役程序;對(duì)評(píng)估人員的資質(zhì)要求;評(píng)估階段流程劃分;收集數(shù)據(jù);評(píng)估模式;涉及的部門(mén);拆壩費(fèi)用;工程設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的確定;評(píng)估的依據(jù);可操作性。(2)通過(guò)對(duì)比國(guó)內(nèi)外水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn),仔細(xì)分析我國(guó)水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn),得到我國(guó)水庫(kù)退役的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不足之處主要體現(xiàn)在:出發(fā)點(diǎn)局限于成本效益;退役程序不合理;水庫(kù)退役數(shù)據(jù)資料的收集不明確;評(píng)估模式不合理;水庫(kù)退役費(fèi)用來(lái)源嚴(yán)重依賴于政府撥款;對(duì)水庫(kù)退役評(píng)估的從業(yè)人員資格沒(méi)有要求;水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的可操作性差;水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)小型水庫(kù)關(guān)注度低;水庫(kù)退役生態(tài)環(huán)境影響評(píng)估不健全;水庫(kù)退役宣傳力度不夠。(3)通過(guò)對(duì)比國(guó)內(nèi)外水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn),結(jié)合我國(guó)實(shí)際情況,提出了對(duì)我國(guó)水庫(kù)退役標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的修改意見(jiàn),應(yīng)從以下方面進(jìn)行完善:轉(zhuǎn)變水庫(kù)退役出發(fā)點(diǎn);完善水庫(kù)退役評(píng)估程序;明確水庫(kù)退役需要收集的數(shù)據(jù);充分考慮各利益相關(guān)方,讓其參與到水庫(kù)退役評(píng)估工作中;完善水庫(kù)退役評(píng)估的模式;嚴(yán)格要求水庫(kù)退役評(píng)估人員的資質(zhì),憑借資質(zhì)證上崗;完善資金籌集方案;出臺(tái)相關(guān)的技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn);選擇合理的退役方案;做典型水庫(kù)退役案例,以提供參考;加強(qiáng)監(jiān)測(cè)和監(jiān)控;加強(qiáng)水庫(kù)退役后的管理;做好宣傳工作。(4)提出了基于層次分析法的水庫(kù)退役評(píng)估體系。(5)針對(duì)陜西榆林地區(qū)水庫(kù)退役用提出的方法進(jìn)行了評(píng)估,評(píng)估結(jié)果較為真實(shí)可靠,證明了所建立的評(píng)估體系較為符合實(shí)際。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the existing retired small and medium-sized reservoir project in Shaanxi Province as the object, develops the thorough and meticulous investigation work, grasps the security present situation of the decommissioned reservoir in the province, collects the many domestic and foreign decommissioning standard texts, The similarities and differences of the domestic and foreign standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs are compared and analyzed, the problems existing in the standards of the decommissioning of reservoirs in our country are found out, the opinions of modifying the standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs in China are put forward, and the AHP model for the evaluation of the decommissioning of reservoirs is established. This paper evaluates the method of reservoir decommissioning in Yulin area, Shaanxi Province, and obtains good results. The results obtained in this paper are as follows: 1) the domestic and foreign reservoir decommissioning standards are safe and economical. The ecological environment is highly consistent, but there are many differences, mainly reflected in the following aspects: the basis and starting point of the development; the decommissioning procedure; the qualification requirements of the evaluators; the process division of the evaluation stage; the collection of data; The evaluation model; the department involved; the cost of dam demolition; the determination of engineering design standards; the basis of evaluation; operability;) by comparing the domestic and foreign standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs, the standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs in China are carefully analyzed. The inadequacies of obtaining the standard of reservoir decommissioning in our country are mainly reflected in: starting point is limited in cost benefit, decommissioning procedure is unreasonable, data collection of reservoir decommissioning is not clear, evaluation mode is unreasonable; The source of the reservoir decommissioning cost depends heavily on the government appropriation, there is no requirement for the qualification of the employee in the evaluation of the reservoir decommissioning, the operability of the reservoir decommissioning standard is poor, and the reservoir decommissioning standard has low attention to the small reservoir. By comparing the domestic and foreign standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs and combining with the actual situation in China, this paper puts forward some suggestions for revising the standards for the decommissioning of reservoirs in China. It should be perfected from the following aspects: changing the starting point of reservoir decommissioning; perfecting the evaluation procedure of reservoir decommissioning; clarifying the data collected for reservoir decommissioning; fully considering all stakeholders and allowing them to participate in the evaluation of reservoir decommissioning; Perfect the model of reservoir decommissioning evaluation; strictly require the qualification of reservoir decommissioning appraisal personnel, rely on the qualification certificate to take up posts; perfect the fund raising scheme; issue relevant technical standard; choose reasonable decommissioning plan; do typical reservoir decommissioning cases, In order to provide reference; to strengthen monitoring and monitoring; to strengthen the management of reservoir decommissioning; to do a good job of propaganda; to put forward the evaluation system of reservoir decommissioning based on analytic hierarchy process. (5) to evaluate the method of reservoir decommissioning in Yulin area of Shaanxi Province. The evaluation results are true and reliable, which proves that the established evaluation system accords with the reality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TV697

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