本文選題：水電站　切入點：運行工況　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文按照河道水系空間結(jié)構(gòu)基本理論,建立了位于大渡河水系的黃金坪水電站減水河段水系空間結(jié)構(gòu)矩陣,分析了不同時期減水河段中3個水力斷面的運行工況,并對建壩前、后減水河段水力生態(tài)特征差異進行了研究。研究結(jié)果表明,黃金坪水電站運行后,減水河段年平均流量流速、水深及河道水面寬度均出現(xiàn)不同幅度的下降。減水河道運行工況及水系空間結(jié)構(gòu)和河道水力生態(tài)特征發(fā)生顯著改變,可能將對河道中魚類及其它生物的生存和繁衍產(chǎn)生影響。在課題研究中選取了3種當(dāng)?shù)卣湎ПＷo魚類作為指標(biāo)生物評估減水河段運行工況及水系空間結(jié)構(gòu)對河道生態(tài)環(huán)境系統(tǒng)的影響。研究表明,枯水期減水河段流量大幅減少,建壩前、后河道水力生態(tài)特征的顯著變化對指標(biāo)魚類的生存、繁殖、覓食及越冬等習(xí)性要求有顯著影響。研究以指標(biāo)魚類天然水力生態(tài)習(xí)性為基準(zhǔn),采用構(gòu)建河灘、覓食繁殖地和河道堆砌卵石提高流速和水深、保持河床砂和礫石級配平衡等方式重構(gòu)減水河段水系空間結(jié)構(gòu),恢復(fù)減水河段的水力生態(tài)特征。課題研究成果表明,對于水電站大壩下游水系空間結(jié)構(gòu)變化的減水河段,可在對建壩前、后系統(tǒng)運行工況和系統(tǒng)差異分析的基礎(chǔ)上,可采用工程措施恢復(fù)構(gòu)建原有的水系空間結(jié)構(gòu),保護河段天然水生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:According to the basic theory of river water spatial structure, built in Dadu River of Huangjinping Hydropower Station segment of water reduced river system space structure matrix, analysis of the different period minus 3 hydraulic section operating water river, and the dam before and after reducing the difference of water hydraulic characteristics of River State students were studied. Results show that the Huangjinping Hydropower Station after operation, decrease water reach annual average flow velocity, water depth and river width decreased to different extent. The river water reducing operation and water space structure and watercourse ecological characteristics changed significantly, may be on the river fish and other organisms to survive and thrive in effect. The research selected 3 kinds of evaluation of the segment of water reduced operating conditions and water space structure effect on river ecological environment protection system of local treasure fish as a biological indicator of table. The dry season water reduced river flow is greatly reduced, before the dam was built, survival, significant changes after the river hydraulic ecological characteristics index of fish reproduction, foraging and wintering habits have a significant impact on requirements. Natural hydraulic parameters of fish ecological habits as a benchmark, the construction of the beach, breeding and foraging River pebble increase velocity stack and the depth of water, sand and gravel riverbed reconstruction keep gradation balance etc. the segment of water reduced river system space structure, restore the ecological characteristics of hydraulic segment of water reduced. The research results show that the water reducing reach station dam downstream river system space structure changes in hydropower dam, analyzing the differences of system operation and system on the construction of engineering measures to restore the original structure of the water space, river natural aquatic ecosystem protection.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TV135

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本文編號：1601121