本文選題：黃壁莊水庫(kù)　切入點(diǎn)：水動(dòng)力　出處：《河北工程大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水資源短缺、水污染日益嚴(yán)重是當(dāng)前人們所面臨的重要水資源問(wèn)題,由于時(shí)空分布不均勻,水資源存在地區(qū)上的不平衡,同時(shí)隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)、人口的增長(zhǎng),對(duì)水資源量的需求也日益增多,然而在水資源短缺的情況下,由于人類(lèi)的活動(dòng),排放到環(huán)境中的污水、廢水量日益增多。許多含有各種污染物的廢水被排進(jìn)天然水體,造成水環(huán)境的急劇惡化。一方面影響身體健康,另一方面使水資源失去原有的利用價(jià)值,在水資源短缺的同時(shí),又造成“水質(zhì)型”缺水。黃壁莊水庫(kù)作為農(nóng)業(yè)供水、工業(yè)供水、城市供水的水源地,承擔(dān)著流域間經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展重要任務(wù);同時(shí)黃壁莊水庫(kù)作為一級(jí)水源保護(hù)區(qū),近年來(lái)水庫(kù)受到不同程度的污染,已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響到它的供水狀況,特別是由于水質(zhì)變差的原因,已減少向北京的供水量,因此針對(duì)黃壁莊水庫(kù)受污染的狀況,提出一套切實(shí)可行的解決方案十分必要。本文通過(guò)了解黃壁莊水庫(kù)的水質(zhì)狀況,并借鑒前人的研究思路,提出采用數(shù)值模擬的方法對(duì)水庫(kù)水質(zhì)進(jìn)行分析。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)在各領(lǐng)域得到一定的應(yīng)用,因此數(shù)值模擬的模型軟件在持續(xù)不斷更新中,根據(jù)黃壁莊水庫(kù)的實(shí)際情況,在常用的模型軟件中選用MIKE21模型作為研究水庫(kù)的數(shù)值模型,通過(guò)了解該模型的適用范圍、運(yùn)行程序及運(yùn)算功能等,為水庫(kù)模型的建立打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。MIKE21模型分為水動(dòng)力模塊、水質(zhì)模塊、波浪模塊、泥沙模塊等,此次分析主要研究水動(dòng)力及水質(zhì)模塊。通過(guò)收集水量數(shù)據(jù)、降雨蒸發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)、風(fēng)速風(fēng)向數(shù)據(jù),當(dāng)有堰、閘涵的作用時(shí),同樣需收集堰、閘涵資料,將收集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析處理以達(dá)到MIKE21水動(dòng)力模塊使用要求,運(yùn)用MIKE21模型對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)做時(shí)段序列處理,進(jìn)行水庫(kù)水流場(chǎng)變化的模擬分析;在水流場(chǎng)模擬的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)水質(zhì)所需污染物濃度數(shù)據(jù)、水質(zhì)參數(shù)等數(shù)據(jù)運(yùn)用至MIKE21水質(zhì)模塊,構(gòu)成水動(dòng)力-水質(zhì)耦合模型,進(jìn)行水庫(kù)庫(kù)區(qū)水質(zhì)場(chǎng)變化的模擬計(jì)算。在模型運(yùn)行過(guò)程中,一般均會(huì)存在與實(shí)際情況不符現(xiàn)象,因此需要對(duì)參數(shù)進(jìn)行率定。本次研究將2015平水年作為模擬期,模擬時(shí)段為2015年1月1日至2015年12月31日。通過(guò)對(duì)黃壁莊水庫(kù)進(jìn)行水動(dòng)力場(chǎng)模擬分析,結(jié)果表明經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)整水動(dòng)力參數(shù),壩上斷面水位實(shí)測(cè)值與模擬值更加相吻合,水流體場(chǎng)真實(shí)反映庫(kù)區(qū)的流場(chǎng)變化;黃壁莊水庫(kù)水質(zhì)模擬基于水動(dòng)力模擬,經(jīng)水質(zhì)影響因素的不斷率定,水質(zhì)場(chǎng)在空間及時(shí)間上的變化趨勢(shì)基本符合庫(kù)區(qū)受污染的情況,因此水動(dòng)力-水質(zhì)耦合模型認(rèn)為是可靠的,適用性較強(qiáng)的,此模型可為今后水庫(kù)調(diào)度、補(bǔ)水方案的制定打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),以期使得黃壁莊水庫(kù)的水質(zhì)狀況得到改善。
[Abstract]:Water shortage and water pollution are the important water resources problems that people are facing at present. Because of the uneven distribution of time and space, the imbalance of water resources exists in the region, at the same time, with the growth of economy and population, The demand for water resources is also increasing. However, in the case of water shortage, due to human activities, the amount of waste water discharged into the environment is increasing, and many wastewater containing various pollutants are discharged into natural water bodies. It causes a sharp deterioration of the water environment. On the one hand, it affects the health of the body, on the other hand, it makes the water resources lose its original utilization value. At the same time, the shortage of water resources also results in the water shortage of the "water quality type". The water source of urban water supply undertakes the important task of economic development among watersheds, and the Huangbizhuang Reservoir, as a first class water source protection area, has been polluted to varying degrees in recent years, which has seriously affected its water supply situation. Especially because of the deterioration of water quality, the quantity of water supplied to Beijing has been reduced, so it is necessary to put forward a set of feasible solution to the polluted situation of Huangbizhuang Reservoir. With the development of economy, computer technology has been applied in various fields, so the model software of numerical simulation is continuously updated. According to the actual situation of Huangbizhuang Reservoir, the MIKE21 model is selected as the numerical model of the reservoir in the common model software. Through the understanding of the applicable range of the model, the operation program and the operation function, etc. The model is divided into hydrodynamic module, water quality module, wave module, sediment module and so on. This analysis mainly studies hydrodynamic and water quality modules. Through collecting water quantity data, rainfall evaporation data, Wind speed and wind direction data, when there is Weir, sluice culvert function, also need to collect Weir, sluice culvert data, the collected data are analyzed to meet the MIKE21 hydrodynamic module use requirements, using the MIKE21 model to do time series data processing, Based on the simulation of water flow field, the data of pollutant concentration and water quality parameters needed for water quality are applied to MIKE21 water quality module to form a hydrodynamic water quality coupling model. The simulation calculation of water quality field change in reservoir area is carried out. In the course of operation of the model, there is usually a phenomenon that does not conform to the actual situation, so we need to determine the rate of the parameters. In this study, the average water year 2015 will be used as the simulation period. The simulation period is from January 1st 2015 to December 31st 2015. Through the hydrodynamic field simulation analysis of Huangbizhuang Reservoir, the results show that after adjusting the hydrodynamic parameters, the measured values of the section water level of the dam are more consistent with the simulated values. The water quality simulation of Huangbizhuang Reservoir is based on hydrodynamic simulation, and the change trend of water quality field in space and time is basically consistent with the polluted situation in the reservoir area. Therefore, the coupled model of hydrodynamic and water quality is considered to be reliable and applicable. This model can lay a solid foundation for the future reservoir operation and water supply scheme, in order to improve the water quality of Huangbizhuang Reservoir.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV697

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