本文關(guān)鍵詞： 河道砂石 非法采砂 依法整治　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：河道砂石是河床的重要組成部分,也是重要的自然資源,在各類工程建設(shè)、場地平整、路基填筑等特別是混凝土配置中被廣泛應(yīng)用,為國家建設(shè)和地方經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展發(fā)揮著重要作用。 湖北素有“千湖之省”之稱,河流縱橫、水網(wǎng)交織,其中不少河流蘊藏著寶貴的砂石資源。但是,近年來受上游地區(qū)風(fēng)沙治理和長江三峽大壩、漢江丹江口大壩等攔截影響,上游來砂量和補給量嚴重減少,導(dǎo)致河道砂石大幅銳減。在大規(guī)模城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的現(xiàn)狀下,銳減的河道砂石遠遠不能滿足砂石市場需要,砂石供需關(guān)系嚴重失衡,短缺的河道砂石資源與旺盛的砂石市場需求成了當(dāng)前突出矛盾。這一矛盾使得河道砂石成了“香餑餑”,直接推高了其高額利潤。在高額利潤的驅(qū)動下,許多采砂從業(yè)人員將眼光瞄向了河道,紛紛從河道里采砂。由此,河道非法采砂現(xiàn)象屢禁不止,濫采亂挖現(xiàn)象時常發(fā)生。 河道非法采砂,不僅損害了堤防、取水口、橋梁、碼頭、水下光纜等工程設(shè)施,影響了河勢穩(wěn)定,危及了防洪安全、通航安全和生態(tài)安全；而且侵害了國家資源,擾亂了砂石市場秩序,影響了社會穩(wěn)定。由非法采砂引起的工程損毀、沉船死人、聚眾械斗等事情屢見不鮮。對此,社會媒體高度關(guān)注,各級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)高度重視。河道非法采砂問題成了社會議論的熱點、媒體關(guān)注的焦點、政府管理的難點。 河道非法采砂的原因,除了與砂石資源供需矛盾尖銳有關(guān),還與政府及相關(guān)主管部門監(jiān)管不力、執(zhí)法不嚴、重視不夠有關(guān)。政府及其組成部門,作為市場監(jiān)管、維護社會公平正義的主體,對非法采砂行為負有不可推卸的責(zé)任。整治河道非法采砂現(xiàn)象,實現(xiàn)依法、科學(xué)、有序的河道采砂秩序,是政府及相關(guān)主管部門義不容辭的職責(zé)。 本文將全文分為四個部分：第一部分,介紹了河道砂石與非法開采的基本情況,分別說明了河道砂石的成因、屬性特征和湖北省河道砂石的狀況；第二部分,介紹了湖北省河道非法采砂的各種情形,闡述了非法采砂的危害；第三部分,從客觀、主觀兩個方面分別剖析了非法采砂的原因,為提出整治對策提供了依據(jù)；第四部分,從政府及相關(guān)主管部門角度提出了一系列有針對性的對策,探討了如何整治湖北省河道非法采砂問題。 本文的特色之處主要是：緊扣湖北省河道非法采砂的客觀實際,尋找非法采砂現(xiàn)象的根源,探究非法采砂整治的對策,由表及里,層層遞進,有較強的針對性、時代性和現(xiàn)實性。而且,提出的對策既有常規(guī)對策,又有根本對策；既有當(dāng)前措施,又有長遠措施,遠近結(jié)合,標(biāo)本兼治。 創(chuàng)新之處主要是：利用公共管理學(xué)理論研究非法采砂的整治對策,不僅綜合運用了組織、法律、行政手段,而且運用了市場手段,提出使用河道砂石的替代品——人工砂,體現(xiàn)了實事求是、尊重規(guī)律的原則；不僅提出了嚴格監(jiān)管、依法行政等措施,而且提出了轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式、建設(shè)規(guī)模,從而建設(shè)對河道砂石資源的需求,體現(xiàn)了標(biāo)本兼治、遠近結(jié)合的思想。
[Abstract]:River sand and gravel is an important part of river bed as well as an important natural resource. It is widely applied in various engineering construction, site leveling, roadbed filling, especially concrete placement, and plays an important role in national construction and local economic and social development.
Hubei is known as "1000 lake called" the province, rivers, rivers intertwined, many rivers contain precious stone resources. However, in recent years by the sand control in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River in Danjiangkou and the Yangtze River Three Gorges Dam, dam upstream to intercept, sand content and recharge severely reduced, resulting in sand dropped sharply. In the present situation of large-scale urbanization and infrastructure construction, river gravel sand dropped far can not meet the needs of the market, a serious imbalance between supply and demand shortage of sand, river sand resource and strong sand market demand became the prominent contradiction. This contradiction makes sand become "xiangbobo" directly pushed up the high profit margins. Driven by the high profits, many mining practitioners will be eyeing the river, one after another from the river in sand. Thus, the phenomenon of repeated illegal sand excavation, abuse Disorderly excavation often occurs.
Illegal sand excavation, not only damaged dikes, water intake, bridges, docks, underwater cables and other engineering facilities, affecting the stability of river, endangering the safety of flood control, navigation safety and ecological security; and violations of the state resources, disrupting the sand market order, affect social stability. The damage caused by the illegal sand mining engineering the wreck, dead, mob fights and other things It is often seen.. In this regard, attention to social media, leaders at all levels attach great importance. Illegal river sand mining has become a hot social issue of discussion, the focus of media attention, the government management difficult.
Causes of illegal sand excavation, in addition to the contradiction between supply and demand and sharp sand resources, and also lack of government and relevant departments in charge of supervision, lax enforcement, inadequate attention. The government and its departments, as market supervision, safeguard social fairness and justice of the body, can not shirk its responsibility for the illegal sand mining behavior. The scientific remediation illegal river sand phenomenon, according to law, and ordered the river sand mining order, is the bounden duty of government and related departments.
This paper will be divided into four parts: the first part introduces the basic situation of the illegal exploitation of river sand and river sand, respectively explains the reasons, characteristics and status of Hubei province river sand; the second part introduces all kinds of situation in Hubei province illegal river sand mining, expounds the harmfulness of illegal sand mining; third part from the objective and subjective two aspects respectively, analyzes the causes of illegal sand mining, and provides basis for countermeasures; the fourth part, from the perspective of the government and relevant departments put forward a series of targeted measures, discusses how to control illegal sand excavation in Hubei province.
This feature of the paper is: the objective reality of Hubei Province on illegal river sand mining, to find the root of the phenomenon of illegal sand mining, illegal sand mining remediation countermeasures, from the outside to the inside, progressive layers, with strong pertinence, the times and reality. And put forward the Countermeasures of both conventional measures and fundamental countermeasures; both the current measures and long-term measures, the combination of distance, tackling the problem.
The main innovation is: Countermeasures Research on illegal sand mining use of public management, not only the comprehensive use of the organization, legal, administrative means, and the use of the market means, put forward the use of sand substitute artificial sand, embodies the principle of seeking truth from facts, respect for the law; not only put forward the strict supervision according to law and administrative measures, and put forward the transformation of the mode of development, the scale of construction, and construction of river sand resource demand, reflecting the symptoms, the combination of distance thinking.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV85

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉莘;利益平衡:《行政許可法》的關(guān)注重點[J];法學(xué);2003年10期

2 趙靜;;自然資源的屬性與收益分配[J];法制與社會;2011年10期

3 毛野,張志軍;初析長江河道采砂的利弊得失[J];河海大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2001年06期

4 ;湖北省河道采砂管理辦法[J];湖北省人民政府公報;2009年24期

5 錢正英;陳家琦;馮杰;;人與河流和諧發(fā)展[J];求是;2006年06期

6 王剛,茜平一,鄒勇;河道采砂對堤防安全影響分析[J];人民長江;2004年02期

7 周勁松;;初論長江中下游河道采砂與河勢及航道穩(wěn)定[J];人民長江;2006年10期

8 王金生;;關(guān)于富余河道采砂船轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)的思考[J];人民長江;2006年10期

9 姚仕明;劉同宦;;長江流域泥沙資源供需矛盾及對策[J];人民長江;2010年15期

10 王瑞;楊玲;;關(guān)于河道采砂管理體制的思考[J];水利建設(shè)與管理;2010年03期

，

本文編號：1503406