本文關(guān)鍵詞： 新城區(qū) 雨水資源化 雨水徑流 綠地系統(tǒng)　出處：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：西部大開發(fā)以來，西北地區(qū)的城市建設(shè)已經(jīng)達(dá)到一個新的高潮，城市建設(shè)更能體現(xiàn)以人為本，良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境更能體現(xiàn)生態(tài)哲學(xué)。西北部地區(qū)由于地理位置與氣候影響，生態(tài)脆弱，水資源短缺，根據(jù)相關(guān)資料可得，到本世紀(jì)中期，西北缺水量將達(dá)到2.2×1011立方米。近年來甘肅省為緩解蘭州市新城區(qū)存在的的水資源短缺壓力，先后實(shí)施了“引大入秦”等若干大型水利工程。雖然這些大型水利工程一定程度緩解了蘭州市新城區(qū)水資源缺乏問題，但水資源在利用過程中仍不可避免的出現(xiàn)各種各樣的問題。若蘭州市新城區(qū)在缺水的基礎(chǔ)上仍浪費(fèi)水資源，，不能提高水資源的使用效率，無法及時解決對水資源造成的污染以及污水處理程度不夠等問題。隨著蘭州市新城區(qū)的大力發(fā)展，新城區(qū)用水量將會與日俱增，當(dāng)供水量無法支撐新城區(qū)用水量時，新城區(qū)發(fā)展將會受到很大阻礙，使得新城區(qū)的許多政策優(yōu)勢無法得到充分體現(xiàn)。 本課題針對蘭州市新城區(qū)建設(shè)發(fā)展過程中的雨水資源化問題，在現(xiàn)場調(diào)研、實(shí)地考察以及模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，首先對蘭州市新城區(qū)模擬雨水水質(zhì)特性進(jìn)行分析，其次采用LID綠地系統(tǒng)對蘭州市新城區(qū)模擬雨水徑流進(jìn)行處理實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，以期為蘭州市新城區(qū)建設(shè)提供技術(shù)支撐，并在蘭州市新城區(qū)實(shí)施雨水資源化利用方面有所研究，甚至為西北地區(qū)新城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)過程中的雨水資源化利用提供一定的技術(shù)支持。 蘭州市新城區(qū)模擬雨水水質(zhì)特性分析包括兩方面，首先是對集雨水水質(zhì)分析，其次是對集雨水水質(zhì)相關(guān)性分析，通過分析可得結(jié)論：(1)雨水徑流初期，屋面與水泥路面收集雨水水質(zhì)指標(biāo)超標(biāo)嚴(yán)重，隨著降雨歷時延長，屋面雨水徑流與水泥路面雨水徑流水質(zhì)污染物濃度出現(xiàn)不同程度降低，降雨歷時越長，雨水徑流污染物濃度下降趨勢越緩慢，最終會下降至一個相對穩(wěn)定數(shù)值范圍內(nèi)，但雨水徑流污染物與國家飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相比，仍然處于超標(biāo)狀態(tài)；(2)屋面、水泥路面雨水徑流濁度值與氨氮值、CODMn、UV254均有良好的相關(guān)性，雨水徑流中氨氮值、CODMn、UV254都會隨著濁度值增大而增加；(3)隨著雨水徑流CODMn值增加，雨水徑流UV254值增加趨勢明顯，即屋面、水泥路面雨水徑流CODMn值與UV254值均具有較好相關(guān)性。 采用LID綠地系統(tǒng)對蘭州市新城區(qū)模擬雨水徑流進(jìn)行處理實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，是指對通過該系統(tǒng)處理前后的濁度、氨氮、CODMn、UV254等水質(zhì)指標(biāo)值進(jìn)行分析，得出結(jié)論：從實(shí)驗(yàn)組對雨水徑流污染物（濁度、氨氮、CODMn、UV254）去除效果來看，綠地系統(tǒng)對以上污染物去除效果均良好，其中對濁度去除率較高，達(dá)到70%以上，對氨氮、CODMn與UV254的去除率最低也達(dá)到30%以上。早熟禾組對以上污染物去除率最高，苜蓿草組居中，空白組略差，該實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了蘭州市新城區(qū)建設(shè)綠地系統(tǒng)對于去除雨水徑流污染物的正確性，同時也為蘭州市新城區(qū)發(fā)展與建設(shè)綠地系統(tǒng)提供了一定的理論依據(jù)。 總體來看，根據(jù)蘭州市新城區(qū)水資源利用現(xiàn)狀，已經(jīng)總結(jié)出一些可行性方案。但是，水資源高效利用問題具有地域性強(qiáng)，種類繁多的特點(diǎn)，文中提到的LID綠地系統(tǒng)研究部分只是蘭州市新城區(qū)水資源利用初步階段，今后還有許多研究工作需要進(jìn)一步深入開展。
[Abstract]:Since the development of the western region, northwest of the city has reached a new climax, city construction can reflect the people-oriented, good ecological environment can better reflect the ecological philosophy. The northwest due to the geographical location and climate, ecological fragility, the shortage of water resources, according to the relevant information available to the middle of this century, the northwest water shortage will reach 2.2 * 1011 cubic meters. In recent years, Gansu province to ease the new city of Lanzhou City, the pressure of water shortage, has implemented the "Yindaruqin" a number of large-scale water conservancy projects. Although these large-scale water conservancy projects to some extent alleviate the lack of new urban water resources in Lanzhou City, but the water resources in the use of the process will inevitably arise various problems. If the New District of Lanzhou city in the water is still based on the waste of water resources, can improve the water use efficiency, not timely solution To solve the problem caused by water pollution and sewage treatment is not enough. With the vigorous development of the New District of Lanzhou City, the new city water supply will grow with each passing day, when unable to support the new urban water consumption, urban development will be hindered, so many metro area policy advantages can not be fully reflected.
Aiming at the problems of rainwater resources construction and development process in the New District of Lanzhou City, in the field of research, based on field investigation and simulation experiment, first carries on the analysis to the New District of Lanzhou city to simulate the characteristics of rainwater quality, the green LID system for processing experimental study of Xincheng District of Lanzhou City, the rainwater runoff simulation, in order to provide technical support for the construction of the New District of Lanzhou City, and the implementation of rainwater resources in the New District of Lanzhou city on utilization, provide the technology for rainwater resources and even the construction of new towns in the northwest area.
The new city of Lanzhou City, the simulation analysis includes two characteristics of rainwater quality, the first part is the analysis of rainwater quality set, followed by the analysis of rainwater quality correlation set, through the analysis we can come to a conclusion: (1) the initial rainwater runoff, roof rainwater collection and cement pavement quality indexes exceed the standard seriously, with the rainfall duration, roof runoff and concentration cement road runoff pollutants reduced to varying degrees, the rainfall duration is longer, stormwater runoff pollutant concentration decreased more slowly, eventually fell to a relatively stable range of values, but the runoff pollutants and the national drinking water standards, still exceed the standard state; (2) roof, cement road runoff turbidity value with ammonia value, CODMn, UV254 have a good correlation between the nitrogen runoff value, CODMn and UV254 will increase with the increase of the turbidity value; (3) with the rain The CODMn value of runoff increased and the UV254 value of rainwater runoff increased obviously. That is, the roof surface, the CODMn value of the rainwater runoff from the cement pavement and the UV254 value have a good correlation.
The green LID system for processing experimental study of the New District of Lanzhou city to simulate runoff, refers to the system before and after the treatment of turbidity, ammonia, CODMn, UV254 water quality indexes such as value analysis, a conclusion is drawn from the experimental group of runoff pollutants (turbidity, ammonia, CODMn, UV254) removal, green the system of pollutant removal were good, the higher removal rate of turbidity, reached more than 70%, ammonia nitrogen, CODMn and UV254 removal rate reached more than 30%. The lowest bluegrass group the highest removal rate of pollutants, alfalfa group is higher, the blank group slightly worse, the experiment proves that the new city of Lanzhou city the construction of green space system for correct removal of pollutants in stormwater runoff, and provides some theoretical references for the New District of Lanzhou city development and construction of green space system.
Overall, according to the current situation of new urban water resources utilization in Lanzhou City, has summed up some feasible solutions. However, with a strong regional problems of high efficient utilization of water resources, the characteristics of various kinds, the research of LID green system mentioned in part is water resources in the New District of Lanzhou City with a preliminary stage, we still have a lot of work to further.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV213.9

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