本文關(guān)鍵詞： 封凍期 單排橋墩 雙排橋墩 流場(chǎng)分析 數(shù)值模擬　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：冰塞是指冰花或者碎冰在河道中聚集的現(xiàn)象，聚集停滯的冰塊由于擁擠作用使水面流冰堵塞形成冰蓋，冰蓋的形成使水流的濕周增大，水流將冰塊浮起，水流流速減小，，過(guò)水?dāng)嗝嬖龃螅鹚簧仙�，這是冰塞對(duì)河流的一種影響，而跨河橋梁及其墩臺(tái)的存在改變了河道中原有的冰塞水力特性，對(duì)河流的擠壓為冰塊的聚集提供了有利條件，加劇了河道中橋梁的安全威脅。冰蓋下的橋墩局部沖刷是造成橋梁破壞失事的重要原因之一，對(duì)于橋墩周?chē)髁鲬B(tài)的研究有助于對(duì)橋墩局部沖刷的研究。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外許多學(xué)者和科技工作者進(jìn)行了大量室內(nèi)明渠水槽模型試驗(yàn)、野外測(cè)量和數(shù)值計(jì)算的研究，研究大多集中在明渠條件下單個(gè)橋墩周?chē)乃魈匦院臀闪鲝?qiáng)度的研究，對(duì)封凍河道中單排橋墩、雙排橋墩的情況卻研究較少。 本次研究以CRREL試驗(yàn)水槽為模型，通過(guò)Fluent軟件，基于多相流理論，建立封凍條件下橋墩附近流場(chǎng)的三維標(biāo)準(zhǔn)k湍流數(shù)值模型�；诓煌臉蚨罩睆�、入口水流速度以及冰厚條件，研究分析單排圓柱形橋墩與雙排圓柱形橋墩在不同工況條件下對(duì)橋墩附近流場(chǎng)的影響及兩者的區(qū)別。模擬結(jié)果顯示：?jiǎn)闻艌A形橋墩條件下水流對(duì)橋墩附近流場(chǎng)的影響比雙排圓形橋墩條件更加強(qiáng)烈，橋墩附近的流速也相應(yīng)的更大；封凍條件下入口水流速度越大對(duì)橋墩的沖刷越嚴(yán)重；冰蓋厚度越大橋墩附近的動(dòng)水壓力越大，對(duì)橋墩沖刷越大；圓柱形橋墩直徑越大，對(duì)河道過(guò)水?dāng)嗝娴膲嚎s越大，橋墩周?chē)牧魉僭酱螅瑢?duì)橋墩沖刷也就越大。與CRREL水槽試驗(yàn)所得數(shù)據(jù)相比較，數(shù)值模擬研究得到的規(guī)律基本符合實(shí)驗(yàn)規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:Ice plug refers to the phenomenon that ice flowers or broken ice gather in the river channel. Because of the crowded ice, the ice sheet is blocked by the ice flow on the surface of the water. The formation of the ice sheet increases the wet cycle of the water flow, and the flow of ice floats up the ice block. The flow velocity decreases and the cross section increases, which causes the water level to rise, which is a kind of influence of the ice plug on the river, and the existence of bridge beam and its pier has changed the original hydraulic characteristics of the ice slug in the river. The compression of the river provides a favorable condition for the accumulation of ice and intensifies the safety threat of the bridge in the river. The local scour of the pier under the ice cover is one of the important reasons for the damage and failure of the bridge. The study of the water flow around the pier is helpful to the study of the local scour of the pier. At present, a large number of indoor open channel flume model tests have been carried out by many scholars and scientists at home and abroad. The research of field measurement and numerical calculation mostly focuses on the characteristics of water flow and turbulence intensity around a single pier under open channel conditions, but less on the case of single row pier and double row pier in frozen channel. In this study, the CRREL experimental flume is used as the model, and the multiphase flow theory is based on the Fluent software. A three-dimensional standard k turbulence numerical model of flow field near the pier under frozen conditions is established based on different pier diameters, inlet flow velocity and ice thickness conditions. The effects of single row cylindrical pier and double row cylindrical pier on the flow field near the pier under different working conditions and their differences are analyzed. The simulation results show that:. The effect of water flow on the flow field near the pier is stronger than that under the condition of double row circular pier. The velocity of the bridge piers is also higher. Under the condition of freezing, the bigger the velocity of inlet flow is, the more serious the erosion of bridge pier is. The larger the thickness of ice cover, the greater the dynamic pressure near the pier, and the greater the scour to the pier. The larger the diameter of the cylindrical pier, the greater the compression of the river passage section, the greater the velocity of flow around the pier, and the greater the scour of the pier. Compared with the data obtained from the CRREL flume test. The law obtained by numerical simulation basically accords with the experimental law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U442.3;TV133

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