本文關(guān)鍵詞： 長(zhǎng)江口 深水航道工程 FVCOM模型 粘性泥沙 沉速公式 鹽度層化　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：長(zhǎng)江口深水航道工程自建設(shè)以來(lái)已經(jīng)發(fā)揮了巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益,但同時(shí)也面臨著航道回淤量較大、回淤位置比較集中的問(wèn)題。為了研究長(zhǎng)江口深水航道泥沙運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,探索航道回淤原因,本文基于FVCOM三維水動(dòng)力、鹽度、懸沙數(shù)學(xué)模型和平面二維浮泥模型建立了長(zhǎng)江口深水航道工程海域的水-沙-鹽度數(shù)學(xué)模型,對(duì)深水航道工程區(qū)域的泥沙運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律和航道淤積機(jī)理就行了研究。本文的具體研究?jī)?nèi)容和主要結(jié)論如下:(1)提出了綜合考慮溫度、粒徑、含沙量、鹽度、紊動(dòng)強(qiáng)度對(duì)絮凝影響的粘性泥沙沉速公式,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀測(cè)及實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)確定公式中部分參數(shù),得到了適用于長(zhǎng)江口深水航道工程的泥沙沉速公式,公式計(jì)算得到的沉速范圍與前人研究結(jié)果基本一致。(2)根據(jù)建立的長(zhǎng)江口深水航道工程三維水動(dòng)力、鹽度、泥沙數(shù)學(xué)模型模擬結(jié)果,研究并分析了鹽度層化效應(yīng)對(duì)長(zhǎng)江口附近海域水動(dòng)力和懸沙垂向分布的影響,結(jié)果表明考慮鹽度層化效應(yīng)后,密度層化產(chǎn)生的紊動(dòng)抑制使得垂向紊動(dòng)粘性減小,表層流速變大,底層流速變小,流速垂向平均值變大,懸沙分層更為明顯,表層含沙量變小,底層含沙量變大,考慮層化效應(yīng)的速度和含沙量分布與實(shí)測(cè)值更為吻合。層化效應(yīng)對(duì)長(zhǎng)江口水動(dòng)力和泥沙運(yùn)動(dòng)有重要影響。(3)對(duì)本文所建立的三維數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,含沙量、水沙通量以及淤積結(jié)果均與實(shí)測(cè)值吻合良好,表明本文所建立三維泥沙數(shù)學(xué)模型能較好地反映長(zhǎng)江口深水航道工程附近海域的水流、泥沙運(yùn)動(dòng)特性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,分析了懸沙以及浮泥的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,結(jié)果表明,由邊灘進(jìn)入航道的浮泥是深水航道淤積的最重要來(lái)源。
[Abstract]:The Yangtze Estuary deepwater channel project has played a great economic and social benefit since its construction, but at the same time it is also faced with the problem of large amount of channel siltation and relatively concentrated siltation position. In order to study the regulation of sediment movement in the deep water channel of the Yangtze River Estuary, In this paper, based on FVCOM three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, salinity model, suspended sediment mathematical model and planar two-dimensional sediment model, the water-sediment salinity mathematical model of the Yangtze Estuary deepwater waterway engineering sea area is established. The regularity of sediment movement and siltation mechanism in deep water channel engineering area are studied. The concrete contents and main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) the temperature, particle size, sediment content and salinity are considered synthetically. The formula of settling velocity of viscous sediment, which influences the effect of turbulence intensity on flocculation, is obtained by combining with field observation and experimental data to determine some parameters of the formula, which is suitable for the deep-water channel engineering of the Yangtze River Estuary. The range of settling velocity calculated by the formula is basically consistent with the previous research results. (2) according to the mathematical model of hydrodynamic force, salinity and sediment of the Yangtze Estuary Deepwater Channel, The effect of salinity stratification on the hydrodynamic and suspended sediment vertical distribution in the sea area near the Changjiang Estuary is studied and analyzed. The results show that the turbulence suppression caused by density stratification reduces the vertical turbulent viscosity and increases the surface velocity after considering the salinity stratification effect. The velocity of the bottom layer becomes smaller, the vertical average velocity of velocity increases, the stratification of suspended sediment becomes more obvious, the sediment content of the surface layer becomes smaller, and the sediment content of the bottom layer becomes larger. Considering the velocity and sediment concentration distribution of stratification effect, it is more consistent with the measured value. The stratification effect has an important influence on hydrodynamic and sediment movement in the Changjiang Estuary. The results of water and sediment fluxes and siltation are in good agreement with the measured values, which indicates that the 3D sediment mathematical model established in this paper can well reflect the characteristics of water flow and sediment movement in the waters near the Yangtze Estuary Deepwater Channel Project. The movement law of suspended sediment and floating mud is analyzed. The results show that the sediment entering the channel from the banks is the most important source of sediment deposition in the deep water channel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV148

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