本文關(guān)鍵詞： 人工島 河口 數(shù)值模擬 壅水分析 沖淤分析　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，陸地的土地資源日漸枯竭，而地球上海洋面積約占地表面的71%，由此可見(jiàn)從海洋中開(kāi)辟可用的陸地資源可以極大緩解陸地資源日漸枯竭所帶來(lái)的壓力。在海洋中開(kāi)拓人類生存空間，開(kāi)發(fā)具備多種功能的人工島成為很多土地資源相對(duì)匱乏的地區(qū)和國(guó)家利用海洋資源的重要手段之一。然而人工島的建設(shè)必然會(huì)對(duì)工程區(qū)河口或海灣附近的行洪與沖淤特性有一定影響。因此，，運(yùn)用數(shù)值模擬的方法量化研究一定洪水條件下，工程區(qū)河口的行洪與沖淤特性對(duì)建設(shè)人工島的響應(yīng)具有重要意義。 本文以湯河河口擬建人工島為研究背景，利用平面二維數(shù)學(xué)模型模擬湯河河口水域在嵌入人工島前、后的水動(dòng)力及泥沙沖淤變化情況，進(jìn)而總結(jié)人工島對(duì)湯河河口行洪與沖淤的影響規(guī)律。具有主要研究成果如下： （1）建立了水動(dòng)力及水動(dòng)力-泥沙耦合數(shù)學(xué)模型，并利用人工島附近的湯河河口區(qū)域里具有代表性的點(diǎn)和測(cè)站的實(shí)測(cè)資料對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，驗(yàn)證結(jié)果吻合較好，說(shuō)明所建立的數(shù)學(xué)模型的計(jì)算結(jié)果可以在一定程度上模擬和預(yù)測(cè)湯河河口水動(dòng)力特性、泥沙輸移及河口沖淤的變化趨勢(shì)和規(guī)律，為進(jìn)一步研究提供了計(jì)算工具。 （2）利用所建立的水動(dòng)力模型，模擬了在50年一遇設(shè)計(jì)洪水和50年一遇潮位疊加的情況下，湯河河口嵌入人工島前后的水動(dòng)力過(guò)程。通過(guò)對(duì)比分析建設(shè)人工島前后的河道、河口及工程區(qū)附近的水位、流速及流向，來(lái)研究河道、河口及人工島周邊的壅水范圍和壅水高度等變化情況，進(jìn)而總結(jié)人工島對(duì)湯河行洪的影響規(guī)律，并進(jìn)一步分析了建島前的清淤工程和燈塔對(duì)河口行洪的影響。 （3）利用所建立的水動(dòng)力-泥沙耦合數(shù)學(xué)模型，模擬了在50年一遇設(shè)計(jì)洪水條件下，湯河河口嵌入人工島前后的次洪泥沙沖淤過(guò)程。通過(guò)分析對(duì)比修建人工島前后的河道和工程區(qū)附近的沖淤量的變化情況，來(lái)研究河道、河口及人工島周邊的沖刷和淤積的情況，進(jìn)而總結(jié)人工島對(duì)湯河河口沖淤的影響規(guī)律，并進(jìn)一步分析了人工島東側(cè)的燈塔對(duì)人工島周邊沖淤變化的影響。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society and economy, the land resources of the land are exhausted day by day, and the marine area on the earth covers about 71% of the surface. Thus it can be seen that opening up available land resources from the sea can greatly relieve the pressure brought by the gradual depletion of land resources and open up human living space in the sea. The development of artificial islands with multiple functions has become one of the important means for many regions and countries with relatively scarce land resources to utilize marine resources. However, the construction of artificial islands will inevitably affect flood discharge and flood discharge near estuaries or bays in the engineering area. The characteristics of scour and deposition have certain influence. Numerical simulation is used to quantitatively study the flood discharge and erosion and siltation characteristics of estuaries in the engineering area under certain flood conditions, which is of great significance to the response to the construction of artificial islands. In this paper, based on the proposed artificial island in the Tanghe estuary, the hydrodynamic and sediment scour and deposition changes in the Tanghe estuary are simulated by two-dimensional mathematical model before and after it is embedded into the artificial island. The effects of artificial islands on flood discharge and erosion and deposition in Tanghe estuary are summarized. The main research results are as follows: 1) the hydrodynamic and hydrodynamic-sediment coupling mathematical models are established, and the mathematical model is verified by the measured data of representative points and stations in the Tanghe estuary area near the artificial island. The results are in good agreement with each other, which indicates that the calculated results of the established mathematical model can simulate and predict the hydrodynamic characteristics, sediment transport and erosion and deposition trends of the Tanghe estuary to some extent. A computational tool is provided for further study. 2) the hydrodynamic model is used to simulate the case of design flood once in 50 years and tidal level superposition in 50 years. The hydrodynamic process of Tanghe estuary before and after embedding artificial island is studied by comparing and analyzing the water level, velocity and direction of river before and after the construction of artificial island and near the river mouth and engineering area. The variation of backwater range and backwater height around estuaries and artificial islands is summarized, and the influence of artificial islands on Tanghe flood discharge is summarized, and the influence of dredging engineering and lighthouse on estuarine flood discharge before the establishment of the island is further analyzed. 3) the hydrodynamic and sediment coupling mathematical model is used to simulate the condition of design flood once in 50 years. The secondary flood sediment scour and siltation process before and after the Tanghe estuary is embedded in artificial island. The river course is studied by analyzing and comparing the changes of the river course and the amount of scour and deposition near the engineering area before and after the artificial island is built. The influence of artificial island on the erosion and siltation of Tanghe estuary is summarized, and the influence of the lighthouse on the erosion and deposition around the artificial island is further analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV122;TV149

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