本文關(guān)鍵詞：石砭峪水庫水質(zhì)季節(jié)性變化特征與分析　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 石砭峪水庫 營養(yǎng)鹽 季節(jié)性變化 外源污染 內(nèi)源污染

【摘要】：石砭峪水庫是西安市供水水源之一,近年來富營養(yǎng)化嚴重、藻類大量繁殖,水質(zhì)惡化。針對水庫的污染現(xiàn)狀,本論文對石砭峪水庫進行了為期一年的現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測,分析了水庫不同季節(jié)的水質(zhì)、上游各支流水質(zhì)以及水庫不同區(qū)域沉積物污染物及其釋放特性;對不同水質(zhì)期厭氧區(qū)分布進行了分析,探討了不同季節(jié)水庫水質(zhì)變化的原因,并對水庫運行管理提出了建議。論文主要成果和結(jié)論如下:(1)水庫共分為四個時期。3月末至6月為分層形成期;7月至8月末為穩(wěn)定分層期;9月至10月為分層破壞期;11月末至3月為完全混合期。水庫穩(wěn)定分層期底層水體氨氮最大值達到1.56mg/L,為上層水體氨氮濃度8倍,TN值最高值達到4.21 mg/L,超出地表水III類標準4倍,總磷、鐵、錳濃度高達0.21mg/L、0.08mg/L、0.4mg/L,磷、錳含量分別為III類地表水2倍、4倍。表層水體pH最大值為10.21,而底層電導(dǎo)率達到最大為254μS/cm。其他三個時期水質(zhì)除總氮超標外,其他指標基本滿足地表水III類標準。(2)水庫冬季上游流域土壤覆蓋大量降雪,其中富含從空氣中帶入的氮磷,春季積雪融化后形成徑流,加之春季降雨的作用,大量氮磷被帶入庫中,降水中的氨氮大部分被土壤吸附,而土中硝氮被大量沖洗出,最終導(dǎo)致庫區(qū)總氮含量大幅升高。(3)水庫夏季由于分層結(jié)構(gòu)的形成水體底部出現(xiàn)厭氧區(qū),導(dǎo)致水庫底部沉積物磷的釋放。(4)水庫秋季(9月份)由于持續(xù)的強降雨,上游及水庫周邊區(qū)地表的污染物被雨水大量沖刷至庫中,導(dǎo)致秋季庫區(qū)水體氮磷營養(yǎng)鹽含量都大幅上升,分別達到了5.42 mg/L和0.10 mg/L。(5)水庫入庫區(qū),主庫區(qū)和壩前區(qū)的沉積物中污染物含量差異較小;沉積物顆粒的粒徑分布:入庫區(qū)的平均粒徑最大;耗氧速率:主庫區(qū)壩前區(qū)入庫區(qū);其污染物的釋放特性差異明顯,主庫區(qū)釋放污染物量大于壩前區(qū),而入庫區(qū)的幾乎沒有釋放。
[Abstract]:The results and conclusions of this paper are as follows : ( 1 ) The maximum value of ammonia nitrogen in the upper reaches of the reservoir reaches 1.56mg / L , the maximum value of TN is 4.21 mg / L , and the maximum value of TN is 4.21 mg / L . ( 4 ) In the autumn of the reservoir ( September ) , due to the continuous strong rainfall , the pollutants from the surface of the upstream and the surrounding area of the reservoir were washed into the reservoir by the rainwater , and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body in the reservoir area increased greatly . The particle size distribution of the sediment particles was as follows : the average particle size of the reservoir area was the largest ; the oxygen consumption rate : the reservoir area in the front area of the main reservoir area ; the release characteristics of the pollutants were obviously different ; the amount of released pollutants in the main reservoir area was larger than that of the front area of the dam , and the storage area was hardly released .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X524;TV697
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本文編號：1424609