本文關鍵詞：水力機組變負荷過渡過程流體分析及安全評估研究　出處：《浙江大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 水力機組 過渡過程 安全評估 流體分析 CFD數值模擬

【摘要】：隨著國民經濟的快速發(fā)展,水電作為一種最經濟的高質量無污染的清潔能源,必將在我國電力系統(tǒng)組成中占據重要的地位,水電行業(yè)的發(fā)展將會保持持續(xù)增長的勢頭。水力機組在水電站運行中,難免會遇到變負荷過渡過程工況,這將造成機組轉速上升和引水系統(tǒng)壓力上升,引起機組振動,危及廠房安全。因此,水力機組變負荷過渡過程精確的流體分析及安全評估對于電站的安全穩(wěn)定運行具有重要的意義。 但是這一過程的試驗具有危險性高、周期性長和可靠性低等特點,處理不當將會出現機組故障,發(fā)生危及人身安全的重大事故。因此,目前廣為采用數值模擬安全評估的方法分析過渡過程諸動態(tài)工況參數的變化規(guī)律,為電站的安全評估提供參考依據。 本文以混流式水力機組為研究對象,提出了一種基于靜態(tài)效率的SE-ICNA內特性數值算法進行變負荷過渡過程安全評估研究。針對變負荷過渡過程工況,通過流體分析建立安全評估的數學模型,包括三大組成部分：管道流動特性線微分方程、水輪機特性方程和轉速瞬變規(guī)律解析方程。通過不同水位范圍實例電站的計算,研究過渡過程動態(tài)工況參數變化規(guī)律。最后,采用數值模擬方法進行流體分析,分別進行全流道穩(wěn)態(tài)與非穩(wěn)態(tài)的仿真研究,并對尾水管進行了壓力脈動分析,完成水力機組全流道安全性評估。 通過本文的研究發(fā)現SE-ICNA評估方法在中低水位、甩較大負荷的低水頭工況小機組范圍下表現出良好的計算性能。該方法實現了水力機組變負荷過渡過程安全評估計算,具有良好的工程實踐意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy, hydropower, as the most economical clean energy with high quality and no pollution, will play an important role in the composition of power system in China. The development of hydropower industry will maintain the momentum of sustained growth, hydraulic units in the operation of hydropower stations, will inevitably encounter variable load transition process conditions, which will lead to the increase of unit speed and the pressure of the water diversion system. Therefore, the accurate fluid analysis and safety evaluation of hydraulic units during load transition is of great significance to the safe and stable operation of power plants. However, the test of this process has the characteristics of high risk, long periodicity and low reliability. Improper handling will lead to the failure of the unit and the occurrence of serious accidents endangering the personal safety. At present, the method of numerical simulation safety assessment is widely used to analyze the variation law of the dynamic operating conditions parameters during the transition process, which provides a reference for the safety assessment of the power station. This paper takes the Francis hydraulic unit as the research object. This paper presents a numerical algorithm of SE-ICNA internal characteristics based on static efficiency to evaluate the safety of variable load transition process. The mathematical model of safety assessment is established by fluid analysis, which includes three parts: differential equation of pipeline flow characteristic line. The characteristic equation of hydraulic turbine and the analytic equation of transient law of rotational speed. Through the calculation of power station in different range of water level, the variation law of dynamic working condition parameters of transient process is studied. Finally, the fluid analysis is carried out by numerical simulation method. The simulation of steady and unsteady flow channel is carried out, and the pressure pulsation of draft tube is analyzed to evaluate the safety of hydraulic unit. Through the study of this paper, it is found that the SE-ICNA evaluation method is in the low and middle water level. The method has good calculation performance in the range of small units with large load rejection and low head working conditions. This method can realize the safety evaluation calculation of hydraulic units during load transition, which has good engineering practice significance.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TV734

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本文編號：1419681