周期注水在薩北開發(fā)區(qū)水驅(qū)中的研究與應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-07-03 13:40
【摘要】：薩北開發(fā)區(qū)針對(duì)特高含水期開發(fā)實(shí)際，，加強(qiáng)了水動(dòng)力學(xué)方法的研究與應(yīng)用，在實(shí)踐中取得了較好的效果。周期注水是指通過改變注水井注水時(shí)間和方式，在油層里建立起一種不穩(wěn)定的動(dòng)態(tài)變化，改善油田的開發(fā)效果。目前大慶油田薩北開發(fā)區(qū)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入特高含水后期開采，油田含水上升速度減緩，但是隨著可采儲(chǔ)量的逐漸減少，液油比上升速度加快，常規(guī)的油水井措施效果越來越差，挖潛效果遠(yuǎn)不如初期，且受工藝和經(jīng)濟(jì)條件限制，進(jìn)一步提高注水井注水的地下波及體積難度較大。因此，在這種形勢(shì)下如何進(jìn)一步控制含水上升，增加可采儲(chǔ)量，延緩產(chǎn)量遞減，是現(xiàn)階段改善開發(fā)效果，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的重中之重，而周期注水則是被證明在此階段是很經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的手段。 薩北開發(fā)區(qū)的三套開發(fā)層系是大慶長(zhǎng)垣中部的含油組合薩、葡、高油層，葡萄花發(fā)育大型河道砂，為主力油層，薩爾圖的部分油層連通性好，厚度大，也為主力油層，其余皆為非主力油層，如此分類便于開發(fā)中的調(diào)整。這三套油層組主要屬于松遼盆地北部沉積體系的大型葉狀三角洲沉積，部分屬于泛濫平原下游的大型河流沉積。整個(gè)地區(qū)的結(jié)構(gòu)較為穩(wěn)定，湖泊水域的遮蓋面積較為廣闊。 周期注水機(jī)理就是通過改變注水井工作制式，工作時(shí)間，在非均質(zhì)油藏的縱向上層段間形成附加的壓力差，并生成追加竄流。這個(gè)追加竄流能起到均勻油層縱向水淹的作用，有利于開發(fā)效果的改善，并且穩(wěn)定條件下層段間滲透率和飽和度差異越大，矛盾越突出，周期注水效果越明顯。隨著滲透率和飽和度差異的增大，層段間產(chǎn)生的附加壓力差就越大，于是在周期注水一個(gè)周期內(nèi)由好層向差層滲透流動(dòng)的水量就越多，反向流動(dòng)的油量也就越多，反映到指標(biāo)上就是含水的上升速度減緩甚至含水下降，減少低效無效循環(huán)，改善開發(fā)效果。 針對(duì)純油區(qū)和過渡帶的不同發(fā)育方式分別分析制定實(shí)驗(yàn)，數(shù)值模擬，得出最合理的周期時(shí)間和方式。停層不停井方式，特別是停注好層段，保持甚至加強(qiáng)差層注水，實(shí)際上好層的高受到周期注水的效果，剩余油得到驅(qū)動(dòng)滲出，而差油層則改善吸水剖面，原本不吸水的層段開始吸水，層間矛盾得到緩解，以此控制了含水的上升速度，減少低效無效循環(huán)。純油區(qū)與過渡帶發(fā)育上存在一定差異，尤其是過渡帶的四條帶，發(fā)育上差異更大。周期注水在純油區(qū)的實(shí)施方式方法與在過渡帶四條帶相應(yīng)層位上的方式方法有所不同。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合分析得出合理的周期注水周期，注水壓力等技術(shù)參數(shù)界限，提高區(qū)塊采收率，減緩含水上升速度。 本論文最終得出結(jié)論，在油田中低含水斯周期注水的停注時(shí)間應(yīng)控制在3個(gè)月以內(nèi)，在中高含水期則應(yīng)控制在2個(gè)月以內(nèi)在40天左右為最合適，而實(shí)際應(yīng)用中發(fā)現(xiàn)，對(duì)于含水過高的過渡帶而言，可以適當(dāng)將停層不停井這種周注方式的實(shí)施半周期加長(zhǎng)，其對(duì)產(chǎn)油的影響在60天以上時(shí)才逐漸明顯，全井停則控制在50天以內(nèi)效果最好。采用層段同步周期注水方法，油層始終保持注水，避免了地層壓力大幅度波動(dòng)，使得油田開發(fā)狀況保持穩(wěn)定，是高含水后期改善水驅(qū)開發(fā)效果的有效方法。周期注水方式的選擇及工作制度的確定，要結(jié)合區(qū)塊的地質(zhì)特點(diǎn)開發(fā)狀況合理組合，要充分考慮縱向上平面上矛盾，結(jié)合油層發(fā)育狀況，注采對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，層系間的相互影響。油田在目前的開發(fā)條件下，應(yīng)充分利用現(xiàn)有層系和井網(wǎng)，通過周期注水調(diào)控壓力場(chǎng)，提高注入水的利用率，使滯留狀態(tài)的原油運(yùn)用起來。油層改造措施要寓于壓力場(chǎng)調(diào)整之中，全方位地提高各類儲(chǔ)層的運(yùn)用程度。
[Abstract]:The research and application of the method of water dynamics have been strengthened for the development of the high water cut stage in the Sanbei Development Zone, and the better effect has been achieved in practice. The period water injection is a kind of unstable dynamic change in the oil layer by changing the water injection time and the way of the injection well, and the development effect of the oil field is improved. At present, the Sabei Development Zone of Daqing Oil Field has entered the later stage of the high water cut, and the water rise speed of the oil field is slowed down, but with the gradual decrease of the recoverable reserves, the liquid oil is faster than the rising speed, and the conventional oil well measures are getting worse and worse, and the potential for excavating the oil well is not as good as the initial stage. And the underground wave and the volume difficulty of the water injection of the water injection well are further improved. Therefore, in this situation, how to further control the water-bearing rise, increase the recoverable reserves, and delay the decline of the output, it is the most important to improve the development effect at the present stage and to improve the economic benefit, and the periodic water injection is proved to be a very economical and effective means in this stage. The three development layers of the Sabei Development Zone are the oil-bearing composition of the central part of the Daqing Changs, and the large-scale river sand is developed in the high oil layer and the high oil layer. The main oil layer and the part of the oil layer of the Sartu are well connected, the thickness is large, the main oil layer is the main oil layer, and the rest are non-main oil. a layer that is so classified as to facilitate the modulation in development The three sets of oil layers mainly belong to the large-scale, leaf-type delta deposition of the sedimentary system in the northern Songliao basin, and some of them belong to the large-scale river sedimentation in the downstream of the flood plain. The structure of the whole area is more stable, and the covering area of the lake water area is wide The mechanism of the period water injection is to change the working system and working time of the water injection well, to form an additional pressure difference between the longitudinal upper sections of the heterogeneous oil reservoir and to generate the follow-up The addition of the blowby can play a role in the longitudinal flooding of the uniform oil layer, which is beneficial to the improvement of the development effect, and the higher the permeability and the saturation difference between the lower section of the stable condition, the more the contradiction is, the effect of the periodic water injection the more obvious the difference in permeability and saturation, the more the additional pressure difference generated between the layers, the more the amount of water that the good layer can penetrate through the good layer to the differential layer during one cycle of the periodic water injection, and the amount of the reverse flow The more it is, it is reflected in the indicator that the rising speed of the water is slowing down and even the water content is down, reducing the inefficient and inefficient cycle, improving the opening, The results show that the most reasonable period is obtained for the different development modes of pure oil and transition zone. time and mode. The stop-layer continuous well mode, in particular to stop the good layer section, maintain or even strengthen the water injection of the differential layer, in fact, the high layer is subjected to periodic water injection, the residual oil is driven to ooze, and the poor oil layer improves the water absorption profile, and the original water-absorbing layer section starts to absorb water and the interlayer spears The shield is relieved to control the rate of water rise and to reduce The effect is not effective. There are some differences in the development of the pure oil region and the transition zone, especially the four bands in the transition zone. The difference is greater. The method of the cyclic water injection in the pure oil area and the way on the corresponding horizon in the four zones of the transition zone The method is different. Through the combination of the experiment and the numerical simulation, the reasonable period, the water injection pressure and other technical parameter limits are obtained, and the recovery rate of the block is improved and the content of the water is reduced. The paper concludes that the time of the water injection in the low water-bearing period of the oil field should be controlled within 3 months. In the medium-high water-cut period, it should be controlled to be the most suitable for about 40 days within 2 months. In the practical application, it is found that for the water-bearing In the case of high transition zone, the half-cycle of the continuous injection method of the stop layer can be lengthened appropriately, and the effect on oil production is gradually obvious when the effect on oil production is more than 60 days, and the whole well is controlled at 50 The effect is best within the day. By adopting the method of layer-section synchronous period water injection, the oil layer is always filled with water, so that the formation pressure is greatly fluctuated, so that the development condition of the oil field is stable, and the water drive development is improved in the later stage of the high water cut. The effective method of the effect is as follows: the selection of the periodic water injection mode and the determination of the working system, and the reasonable combination of the geological characteristics and the development condition of the block, taking full consideration of the contradiction in the longitudinal upper plane, combining the development condition of the oil layer, the corresponding relation between the injection and production, the layer, In the present development condition, the oil field should make full use of the existing layer and well network, control the pressure field through periodic water injection, increase the utilization rate of the injected water, and make the retention state The oil layer modification measures should be incorporated in the pressure field adjustment, and all kinds of oil layer modification measures should be improved in all directions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE357.6
本文編號(hào)：2509434
[Abstract]:The research and application of the method of water dynamics have been strengthened for the development of the high water cut stage in the Sanbei Development Zone, and the better effect has been achieved in practice. The period water injection is a kind of unstable dynamic change in the oil layer by changing the water injection time and the way of the injection well, and the development effect of the oil field is improved. At present, the Sabei Development Zone of Daqing Oil Field has entered the later stage of the high water cut, and the water rise speed of the oil field is slowed down, but with the gradual decrease of the recoverable reserves, the liquid oil is faster than the rising speed, and the conventional oil well measures are getting worse and worse, and the potential for excavating the oil well is not as good as the initial stage. And the underground wave and the volume difficulty of the water injection of the water injection well are further improved. Therefore, in this situation, how to further control the water-bearing rise, increase the recoverable reserves, and delay the decline of the output, it is the most important to improve the development effect at the present stage and to improve the economic benefit, and the periodic water injection is proved to be a very economical and effective means in this stage. The three development layers of the Sabei Development Zone are the oil-bearing composition of the central part of the Daqing Changs, and the large-scale river sand is developed in the high oil layer and the high oil layer. The main oil layer and the part of the oil layer of the Sartu are well connected, the thickness is large, the main oil layer is the main oil layer, and the rest are non-main oil. a layer that is so classified as to facilitate the modulation in development The three sets of oil layers mainly belong to the large-scale, leaf-type delta deposition of the sedimentary system in the northern Songliao basin, and some of them belong to the large-scale river sedimentation in the downstream of the flood plain. The structure of the whole area is more stable, and the covering area of the lake water area is wide The mechanism of the period water injection is to change the working system and working time of the water injection well, to form an additional pressure difference between the longitudinal upper sections of the heterogeneous oil reservoir and to generate the follow-up The addition of the blowby can play a role in the longitudinal flooding of the uniform oil layer, which is beneficial to the improvement of the development effect, and the higher the permeability and the saturation difference between the lower section of the stable condition, the more the contradiction is, the effect of the periodic water injection the more obvious the difference in permeability and saturation, the more the additional pressure difference generated between the layers, the more the amount of water that the good layer can penetrate through the good layer to the differential layer during one cycle of the periodic water injection, and the amount of the reverse flow The more it is, it is reflected in the indicator that the rising speed of the water is slowing down and even the water content is down, reducing the inefficient and inefficient cycle, improving the opening, The results show that the most reasonable period is obtained for the different development modes of pure oil and transition zone. time and mode. The stop-layer continuous well mode, in particular to stop the good layer section, maintain or even strengthen the water injection of the differential layer, in fact, the high layer is subjected to periodic water injection, the residual oil is driven to ooze, and the poor oil layer improves the water absorption profile, and the original water-absorbing layer section starts to absorb water and the interlayer spears The shield is relieved to control the rate of water rise and to reduce The effect is not effective. There are some differences in the development of the pure oil region and the transition zone, especially the four bands in the transition zone. The difference is greater. The method of the cyclic water injection in the pure oil area and the way on the corresponding horizon in the four zones of the transition zone The method is different. Through the combination of the experiment and the numerical simulation, the reasonable period, the water injection pressure and other technical parameter limits are obtained, and the recovery rate of the block is improved and the content of the water is reduced. The paper concludes that the time of the water injection in the low water-bearing period of the oil field should be controlled within 3 months. In the medium-high water-cut period, it should be controlled to be the most suitable for about 40 days within 2 months. In the practical application, it is found that for the water-bearing In the case of high transition zone, the half-cycle of the continuous injection method of the stop layer can be lengthened appropriately, and the effect on oil production is gradually obvious when the effect on oil production is more than 60 days, and the whole well is controlled at 50 The effect is best within the day. By adopting the method of layer-section synchronous period water injection, the oil layer is always filled with water, so that the formation pressure is greatly fluctuated, so that the development condition of the oil field is stable, and the water drive development is improved in the later stage of the high water cut. The effective method of the effect is as follows: the selection of the periodic water injection mode and the determination of the working system, and the reasonable combination of the geological characteristics and the development condition of the block, taking full consideration of the contradiction in the longitudinal upper plane, combining the development condition of the oil layer, the corresponding relation between the injection and production, the layer, In the present development condition, the oil field should make full use of the existing layer and well network, control the pressure field through periodic water injection, increase the utilization rate of the injected water, and make the retention state The oil layer modification measures should be incorporated in the pressure field adjustment, and all kinds of oil layer modification measures should be improved in all directions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE357.6
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