【摘要】：埋地管道作為油氣輸送的一種有效手段,與現(xiàn)代工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人民生活的關(guān)系越來越密切,隨著公路、鐵路等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的大量修建,由振動機(jī)組產(chǎn)生的沖壓荷載必然對鄰近埋地管道周圍的地層產(chǎn)生擾動,給埋地管道的正常使用和安全運(yùn)行帶來不利影響。而油氣管道一發(fā)生運(yùn)行事故破裂、爆管或滲漏,除了管道系統(tǒng)自身損壞造成的直接損失外,還有可能引發(fā)嚴(yán)重的次生災(zāi)害,造成土壤和地下水的污染,導(dǎo)致巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失甚至人員傷亡,危及社會生產(chǎn)與生活安全。因此,為保障管道的安全,也為工程建設(shè)順利進(jìn)行,研究機(jī)械沖壓荷載對埋地管道的影響及控制已成為當(dāng)前巖土工程界和管道安全保護(hù)亟待解決的一項(xiàng)重要課題。有鑒于此,本文借助于理論分析、有限元數(shù)值計(jì)算對機(jī)械沖壓荷載作用下埋地管道的受力性狀進(jìn)行了綜合研究,以此評估和控制振動機(jī)組對鄰近埋地管道的影響。本文對振動機(jī)組產(chǎn)生的沖壓載荷作了定性和定量描述,建立沖壓載荷沖擊物理模型,從理論上推導(dǎo)沖壓載荷的解析表達(dá)式。在波動理論的基礎(chǔ)上,分析沖擊引起的振動波在巖土體中的傳播特性和衰減規(guī)律,并估算振動波在土體中的影響范圍。考慮土壤作用下,確定管道-土壤振動分析模型,推導(dǎo)出地下油氣管道在沖擊載荷作用下的振動微分方程。采用數(shù)值模擬方法,結(jié)合工程問題,建立管土非線性接觸有限元計(jì)算模型,進(jìn)行管道固有振動特性研究和瞬態(tài)動力響應(yīng)分析。最后在數(shù)值模擬和理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對沖壓載荷作用下埋地油氣管道安全性進(jìn)行評估,并將其應(yīng)用于實(shí)際工程中。
[Abstract]:As an effective means of oil and gas transportation, buried pipelines are more and more closely related to modern industrial and agricultural production and people's lives. With the construction of a large number of infrastructure such as roads, railways and so on, The stamping load produced by the vibration unit will inevitably disturb the strata around the buried pipeline, which will bring adverse effects on the normal use and safe operation of the buried pipeline. In addition to the direct loss caused by the damage of the pipeline system itself, the oil and gas pipeline may also cause serious secondary disasters, resulting in the pollution of soil and groundwater. Resulting in huge economic losses and even casualties, endangering the safety of social production and life. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of pipeline and the smooth progress of engineering construction, the study of the influence and control of mechanical stamping load on buried pipeline has become an important issue to be solved urgently in geotechnical engineering and pipeline safety protection. In view of this, with the help of theoretical analysis and finite element numerical calculation, the mechanical behavior of buried pipeline under mechanical stamping load is comprehensively studied in order to evaluate and control the influence of vibration unit on adjacent buried pipeline. In this paper, the stamping load produced by vibration unit is described qualitatively and quantitatively, the physical model of stamping load impact is established, and the analytical expression of stamping load is deduced theoretically. On the basis of wave theory, the propagation characteristics and attenuation law of vibration wave caused by impact in rock and soil are analyzed, and the influence range of vibration wave in soil is estimated. Considering the action of soil, the pipeline-soil vibration analysis model is determined, and the vibration differential equation of underground oil and gas pipeline under impact load is derived. The nonlinear contact finite element model of pipe and soil is established by numerical simulation method combined with engineering problems, and the natural vibration characteristics and transient dynamic response analysis of pipeline are carried out. Finally, on the basis of numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the safety of buried oil and gas pipelines under stamping load is evaluated and applied to practical engineering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TE973

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