【摘要】：碳酸鹽巖油氣儲量占全球油氣資源量的50%以上,而絕大部分碳酸鹽巖油氣主要分布于生物礁中,生物礁油氣藏是一種重要的巖性油氣藏。我國四川盆地二疊系長興組生物礁廣泛發(fā)育,具有巨大的勘探潛力。川東地區(qū)二疊系長興組生物礁較發(fā)育,規(guī)模差異較大,儲層預測難度大,礁體形態(tài)刻畫困難;儲層和圍巖波阻抗值相近,常規(guī)疊后波阻抗反演不能區(qū)分圍巖與生物礁儲層;儲層橫向上連續(xù)性較差且縱向厚度變化較大,流體識別時很難給定精確的時窗,導致生物礁流體識別精度較低。本論文針對以上難點,以川東LHC地區(qū)長興組生物礁為研究對象進行儲層預測和流體識別,在充分調(diào)研技術方法和研究成果的基礎上,結合測井、鉆井、地質(zhì)、地震以及前人學者對川東地區(qū)長興組生物礁的研究,制定了具有針對性的技術路線。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)詳細分析和總結了生物礁儲層的測井響應特征、地震響應特征、巖性特征和物性特征;(2)利用基于地震相古地貌分析技術和地震沉積學理論建立了LHC地區(qū)長興組生物礁識別模式;(3)針對研究區(qū)內(nèi)生物礁和圍巖識別難度大的難點,通過實際測井和鉆井資料對儲層敏感參數(shù)優(yōu)選,自然伽馬參數(shù)對高度白云化生物礁儲層和含泥質(zhì)較高的泥灰?guī)r等有較好的識別能力,結合波阻抗差異可精確識別生物礁儲層;(4)通過頻譜分析技術對儲層段井旁道進行頻譜分析,結合國內(nèi)的雙相介質(zhì)理論為基礎的Klinversion系統(tǒng)進行流體識別,降低了圍巖對流體識別的影響,提高生物礁流體識別的精度;(5)分析了地震屬性對生物礁的識別能力和流體識別能力,研究區(qū)均方根振幅屬性(RMS Amplitude)和瞬時加速度IAcc(Inst.Acceleration)對生物礁流體有較好的識別效果;(6)為降低單一屬性流體預測的多解性和誤差,選取兩種對油氣敏感的地震屬性進行屬性比例融合,提高屬性流體預測的精度;(7)以地震反演儲層預測為基礎,結合雙相介質(zhì)頻譜分析技術及屬性比例融合綜合預測,優(yōu)選研究區(qū)長興組生物礁有利區(qū)。經(jīng)過實際資料驗證,應用以上方法能夠刻畫研究區(qū)長興組生物礁礁體形態(tài),有效地預測了研究區(qū)長興組生物礁有利區(qū)的分布范圍,為進一步生物礁油氣勘探提供了有力的支撐。也同時為鄰區(qū)二疊系長興組生物礁研究提供了可靠的參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Carbonate oil and gas reserves account for more than 50% of the global oil and gas resources, and the vast majority of carbonate oil and gas are mainly distributed in reefs. Reef oil and gas reservoirs are an important lithologic oil and gas reservoir. The reefs of Changxing formation of Permian in Sichuan Basin of China are widely developed and have great exploration potential. The reefs of Changxing formation of Permian in eastern Sichuan are more developed, the scale is different, the reservoir prediction is difficult, and the shape of reef is difficult to depict, the wave impedance value of reservoir and surrounding rock is similar, and the conventional post-stack wave impedance inversion can not distinguish the surrounding rock from reef reservoir. The lateral continuity of the reservoir is poor and the longitudinal thickness varies greatly, so it is difficult to give an accurate time window for fluid identification, which leads to the low accuracy of reef fluid identification. In view of the above difficulties, this paper takes Changxing formation reefs in LHC area of eastern Sichuan as the research object for reservoir prediction and fluid identification. On the basis of full investigation technical methods and research results, combined with logging, drilling, geology, The earthquake and the previous scholars have worked out the targeted technical route for the study of Changxing formation reefs in eastern Sichuan. The main research contents are as follows: (1) the logging response characteristics, seismic response characteristics, lithologic characteristics and physical properties of reef reservoirs are analyzed and summarized in detail. (2) based on the seismic paleogeomorphological analysis technology and seismic sedimentology theory, the reef identification model of Changxing formation in LHC area is established. (3) in view of the difficulty of identifying reefs and surrounding rocks in the study area, the sensitive parameters of reservoir are optimized by actual logging and drilling data. Natural gamma parameters have good recognition ability for highly dolomized reef reservoirs and marl with high muddy quality. Combined with wave impedance differences, reef reservoirs can be accurately identified. (4) the spectrum analysis of reservoir section by-pass is carried out by spectrum analysis technology, and the fluid identification is carried out combined with Klinversion system based on dual-phase medium theory in China, which reduces the influence of surrounding rock on fluid identification and improves the accuracy of reef fluid identification. (5) the identification ability and fluid recognition ability of seismic attributes to reefs are analyzed. The root mean square amplitude attributes (RMS Amplitude) and instantaneous acceleration IAcc (Inst.Acceleration) in the study area have a good effect on the identification of reef fluids. (6) in order to reduce the multiple solutions and errors of single attribute fluid prediction, two kinds of seismic attributes sensitive to oil and gas are selected for attribute proportional fusion to improve the accuracy of attribute fluid prediction. (7) based on seismic inversion reservoir prediction, combined with dual-phase medium spectrum analysis technology and attribute proportion fusion comprehensive prediction, the favorable area of Changxing formation reef is selected. The practical data show that the above method can be used to depict the reef form of Changxing formation in the study area, and effectively predict the distribution range of the favorable area of Changxing formation reef in the study area, which provides a powerful support for further reef oil and gas exploration. At the same time, it also provides a reliable reference for the study of reefs in the Permian Changxing formation.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.13

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