【摘要】：環(huán)瑪湖地區(qū)位于新疆準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地西北緣,是公認(rèn)的富烴凹陷。近年來(lái),多口探井相繼在各斜坡區(qū)獲得高產(chǎn)工業(yè)油氣流,展示了該區(qū)良好的勘探前景,是建設(shè)“新疆大慶”油氣增儲(chǔ)上產(chǎn)的主要接替區(qū)。環(huán)瑪湖地區(qū)地層發(fā)育較全,自上而下依次為白堊系吐谷魯群組、侏羅系(齊古組、頭屯河組、西山窯組、三工河組、八道灣組)、三疊系(白堿灘組、克拉瑪依上亞組、克拉瑪依下亞組、百口泉組)、二疊系(烏爾禾組、夏子街組、風(fēng)城組和佳木河組)。三疊系以上地層可鉆性較好,但侏羅系八道灣組地層底部礫巖發(fā)育,厚度100-350m不等,導(dǎo)致PDC鉆頭難以突破,且下部地層可鉆性差,地層致密堅(jiān)硬、研磨性強(qiáng),給鉆頭選型和特殊工具提速技術(shù)優(yōu)選帶來(lái)了一定難度,導(dǎo)致機(jī)械鉆速低,鉆井周期長(zhǎng)、單井成本高,嚴(yán)重制約了該區(qū)的勘探開發(fā)進(jìn)程。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)瑪湖地區(qū)優(yōu)快鉆井,突破侏羅系八道灣組底部礫巖地層,解決深部地層機(jī)械鉆速低、鉆井成本高的問(wèn)題,本文采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)資料分析、室內(nèi)巖石力學(xué)試驗(yàn)、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)等方法對(duì)環(huán)瑪湖地區(qū)的巖石力學(xué)參數(shù)進(jìn)行分析計(jì)算,得到巖石力學(xué)參數(shù)剖面,對(duì)鉆頭選型、個(gè)性化PDC鉆頭優(yōu)選和特殊提速工具優(yōu)選進(jìn)行了分析研究,同時(shí)對(duì)深部地層氣基欠平衡提速技術(shù)進(jìn)行了應(yīng)用分析,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下：(1)對(duì)環(huán)瑪湖地區(qū)勘探地質(zhì)特征進(jìn)行了分析總結(jié)。通過(guò)分析完鉆井資料,明確了該區(qū)的鉆井提速難點(diǎn)。開展巖心室內(nèi)試驗(yàn),測(cè)定了泊松比、彈性模量、抗壓強(qiáng)度等參數(shù),對(duì)巖石力學(xué)參數(shù)進(jìn)行分析計(jì)算,得到巖石力學(xué)參數(shù)剖面。(2)采用比能法初選鉆頭及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)使用效果分析法優(yōu)選鉆頭,分別對(duì)環(huán)瑪湖地區(qū)完鉆井的鉆頭使用效果進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià),并對(duì)個(gè)性化PDC鉆頭進(jìn)行了優(yōu)選分析,優(yōu)選出了適合環(huán)瑪湖地區(qū)高效鉆頭序列。(3)分析研究不同特殊提速工具的工作原理及特點(diǎn),通過(guò)環(huán)瑪湖地區(qū)的試驗(yàn)應(yīng)用,對(duì)其進(jìn)行了優(yōu)選,明確了扭力沖擊器+PDC鉆頭在該區(qū)的提速效果,并對(duì)其成本進(jìn)行了分析,為該區(qū)鉆井提速降本增效提供了參考。(4)針對(duì)環(huán)瑪湖下部地層致密堅(jiān)硬、可鉆性差等特點(diǎn),優(yōu)選氣基流體欠平衡鉆井技術(shù),開展氣基流體欠平衡鉆井?dāng)y水機(jī)理和攜水能力研究,提出了應(yīng)對(duì)地層出水的針對(duì)性措施,并對(duì)氣液轉(zhuǎn)換原則和工藝技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究。通過(guò)對(duì)以上幾個(gè)方面的研究,本論文在地層巖石力學(xué)特性研究基礎(chǔ)上,綜合應(yīng)用多口井的測(cè)井及實(shí)鉆資料,根據(jù)鉆頭優(yōu)選、特殊特速工具優(yōu)選評(píng)價(jià)、氣基欠平衡鉆井提速技術(shù)分析研究,實(shí)現(xiàn)了鉆井綜合提速。通過(guò)本論文研究形成的提速技術(shù),為環(huán)瑪湖地區(qū)優(yōu)快鉆井,加快勘探開發(fā)進(jìn)程提供了理論基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)支撐。
[Abstract]:The Huanmahu area, located in the northwest margin of Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, is generally recognized as a hydrocarbon-rich depression. In recent years, many exploration wells have obtained high-yield industrial oil and gas flow in each slope area successively, which shows the good exploration prospect in this area, and is the main replacement area for the construction of "Daqing, Xinjiang" oil-gas increasing storage and production area. From top to bottom, the strata in the Huamahu area are the Tugu Lu formation of the Cretaceous, the Jurassic (Qigu formation, Toutunhe formation, Xishan Yao formation, Sangong he formation, Badaowan formation), the Triassic (White Alkali formation, Karamay Upper Subgroup) and the Triassic (White Alkali formation, Karamay Upper Subgroup). Karamay Lower Subgroup, Baikouquan formation), Permian (Wuerhe formation, Xiazijie formation, Fengcheng formation and Jiamuhe formation). The drillability of the strata above Triassic is good, but the conglomerate in the bottom of Jurassic Badaowan formation is developed with thickness ranging from 100 to 350 m, which makes it difficult to break through the PDC bit, and the lower formation is poor in drillability, tight and hard in formation and strong in abrasiveness. It brings some difficulty to the selection of bit type and the optimization of special tool speed-up technology, which leads to low drilling rate, long drilling cycle and high cost of single well, which seriously restricts the exploration and development process in this area. In order to realize excellent and fast drilling in Huanmahu area, break through the conglomerate formation at the bottom of Jurassic Badaowan formation, solve the problems of low drilling rate and high drilling cost in deep formation, this paper adopts field data analysis and laboratory rock mechanics test. The rock mechanics parameters in Huimahu area are analyzed and calculated by means of mathematical statistics and other methods. The rock mechanics parameter profiles are obtained. The selection of drill bit, the optimization of individual PDC bit and the optimization of special speed-raising tools are analyzed and studied. At the same time, the application of gas-based underbalanced velocity-raising technology in deep strata is analyzed. The main contents are as follows: (1) the geological characteristics of exploration in Huanma Lake area are analyzed and summarized. Through the analysis of drilling completion data, the difficulty of increasing drilling speed in this area is clear. Core laboratory tests were carried out, Poisson's ratio, elastic modulus, compressive strength and other parameters were measured, and the rock mechanical parameters were analyzed and calculated. The rock mechanics parameter profile is obtained. (2) the drill bit is selected by the specific energy method and the field effect analysis method is used to select the bit, and the use effect of the drill bit in Huanmahu area is evaluated respectively. The optimum selection and analysis of personalized PDC bit are carried out, and the high efficiency bit sequence suitable for Huimahu area is optimized. (3) the working principle and characteristics of different special speed-raising tools are analyzed and studied, through the experimental application in Huanma Lake area. In this paper, the optimum selection of the PDC bit is made, and the speed-up effect of the torque impactor bit in this area is defined, and its cost is analyzed, which provides a reference for the drilling speed-up and lowering the cost and increasing efficiency in this area. (4) in view of the tight and hard formation in the lower part of Huanma Lake, Due to poor drillability, gas-based underbalanced drilling technology is optimized, water-carrying mechanism and water-carrying capacity of under-balanced gas-based fluid drilling are studied, and corresponding measures to deal with formation effluent are put forward. The principle and technology of gas-liquid conversion are studied. Through the study of the above aspects, based on the study of the mechanical properties of the formation rock, this paper comprehensively applies the logging and drilling data of multiple wells, and evaluates it according to the optimum selection of drill bits and the optimization of special speed tools. The gas-based underbalanced drilling speed-up technology is analyzed and studied, and the comprehensive drilling speed-up is realized. The speed-up technology developed in this paper provides theoretical basis and technical support for high-speed drilling in Huanma Lake area and speeding up exploration and development process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE242

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