抑制劑對黏土礦物結(jié)合水的影響研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-20 13:05
【摘要】：井壁失穩(wěn)問題常造成鉆井工程無法正常進(jìn)行,影響著地質(zhì)資料的錄取、鉆井成本、油氣田開發(fā)進(jìn)程等,在石油鉆井工程領(lǐng)域一直倍受重視。黏土礦物水化引起的巖石力學(xué)性質(zhì)變化是誘發(fā)井壁失穩(wěn)的重要因素,泥頁巖地層就是由于此因素井壁垮塌嚴(yán)重。強(qiáng)抑制性鉆井液能很好地緩解這一情況出現(xiàn),延長井壁穩(wěn)定時間,為高效鉆井創(chuàng)造空間,但仍然有一些地質(zhì)條件較差的地層(泥頁巖)難以解決井壁失穩(wěn)問題�，F(xiàn)階段的力學(xué)與化學(xué)耦合研究為解決此類問題提供了基礎(chǔ),但在化學(xué)作用的定量化研究未有較大突破,所以定量化研究抑制劑對泥頁巖水化的影響很有必要。 首先通過對泥頁巖中主要黏土礦物(蒙脫石、伊利石、高嶺石和綠泥石)的等溫吸附實(shí)驗(yàn),得到四種黏土礦物親水特性,其中蒙脫石的吸附結(jié)合水能力最強(qiáng)。然后結(jié)合膨脹率實(shí)驗(yàn)與XRD實(shí)驗(yàn)測定了抑制劑對蒙脫石水化分散膨脹與晶層間距的影響。最后用熱重分析儀重點(diǎn)研究了抑制劑作用后的黏土礦物與泥頁巖中結(jié)合水情況,結(jié)合得到的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)模擬計算了泥頁巖結(jié)合水量。 實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)黏土礦物吸附結(jié)合水是分階段進(jìn)行的,可以劃分為強(qiáng)結(jié)合水、弱結(jié)合水、自由水。常規(guī)的一維膨脹實(shí)驗(yàn)只能表征抑制劑的宏觀抑制效果,不能深入分析結(jié)合水的抑制情況。XRD實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)了鹽類抑制劑都能進(jìn)入到蒙脫石晶層間,而聚合物只能包裹在顆粒表層,從晶層間距的抑制效果來看,鹽類抑制劑的抑制效果要好于聚合物類。熱重分析能深入到結(jié)合水層面對抑制劑性能進(jìn)行研究,探討了無機(jī)與有機(jī)類抑制劑不同的抑制機(jī)理,同時論證了結(jié)合水的性質(zhì)是區(qū)別于自由水賦存在黏土表面。通過與真實(shí)泥頁巖對比分析發(fā)現(xiàn)理論計算的泥頁巖結(jié)合水量與其偏差不大,具有理論價值。
[Abstract]:Borehole instability often causes drilling engineering not to proceed normally, which affects geological data acquisition, drilling cost, development process of oil and gas fields and so on. It has been paid more and more attention in the field of petroleum drilling engineering. The change of rock mechanical properties caused by hydration of clay minerals is an important factor to induce the wall instability, and the shale formation is due to the serious collapse of the shaft wall. Strong inhibition drilling fluid can alleviate this situation, prolong well wall stability time and create space for high efficiency drilling. However, there are still some formations (shale) with poor geological conditions which are difficult to solve the problem of wellbore instability. The coupling study of mechanics and chemistry at present provides a basis for solving these problems, but there is no great breakthrough in the quantitative study of chemical action. Therefore, it is necessary to study quantitatively the influence of inhibitors on shale hydration. Firstly, through isothermal adsorption experiments on the main clay minerals (montmorillonite, Illite, kaolinite and chlorite) in shale, the hydrophilicity of four clay minerals was obtained, among which montmorillonite has the strongest adsorption-binding water ability. The effects of inhibitors on the hydration and dispersion expansion of montmorillonite and the spacing of crystal layers were measured by the expansion rate test and XRD test. Finally, the binding water between clay minerals and shale was studied by thermogravimetric analyzer, and the binding water quantity of shale was simulated with the experimental data. It is found that the adsorption and binding water of clay minerals can be divided into strong bound water, weak bound water and free water, which can be divided into two stages: strong bound water, weak bound water and free water. The conventional one-dimensional expansion test can only characterize the macro-inhibition effect of the inhibitor, but can not analyze the inhibition of combined water in depth. XRD results show that all salt inhibitors can enter the interlayer of montmorillonite, while the polymer can only be wrapped in the surface layer of the particles. The inhibition effect of salt inhibitors is better than that of polymers. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) can be used to study the performance of binding water surface inhibitors, and the different inhibition mechanism between inorganic and organic inhibitors is discussed. At the same time, it is demonstrated that the properties of bound water are different from the existence of free water on the clay surface. Through the comparison with the real shale, it is found that the theoretical calculation of the shale bound water is not much different from the actual shale, which is of theoretical value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE28
本文編號：2461630
[Abstract]:Borehole instability often causes drilling engineering not to proceed normally, which affects geological data acquisition, drilling cost, development process of oil and gas fields and so on. It has been paid more and more attention in the field of petroleum drilling engineering. The change of rock mechanical properties caused by hydration of clay minerals is an important factor to induce the wall instability, and the shale formation is due to the serious collapse of the shaft wall. Strong inhibition drilling fluid can alleviate this situation, prolong well wall stability time and create space for high efficiency drilling. However, there are still some formations (shale) with poor geological conditions which are difficult to solve the problem of wellbore instability. The coupling study of mechanics and chemistry at present provides a basis for solving these problems, but there is no great breakthrough in the quantitative study of chemical action. Therefore, it is necessary to study quantitatively the influence of inhibitors on shale hydration. Firstly, through isothermal adsorption experiments on the main clay minerals (montmorillonite, Illite, kaolinite and chlorite) in shale, the hydrophilicity of four clay minerals was obtained, among which montmorillonite has the strongest adsorption-binding water ability. The effects of inhibitors on the hydration and dispersion expansion of montmorillonite and the spacing of crystal layers were measured by the expansion rate test and XRD test. Finally, the binding water between clay minerals and shale was studied by thermogravimetric analyzer, and the binding water quantity of shale was simulated with the experimental data. It is found that the adsorption and binding water of clay minerals can be divided into strong bound water, weak bound water and free water, which can be divided into two stages: strong bound water, weak bound water and free water. The conventional one-dimensional expansion test can only characterize the macro-inhibition effect of the inhibitor, but can not analyze the inhibition of combined water in depth. XRD results show that all salt inhibitors can enter the interlayer of montmorillonite, while the polymer can only be wrapped in the surface layer of the particles. The inhibition effect of salt inhibitors is better than that of polymers. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) can be used to study the performance of binding water surface inhibitors, and the different inhibition mechanism between inorganic and organic inhibitors is discussed. At the same time, it is demonstrated that the properties of bound water are different from the existence of free water on the clay surface. Through the comparison with the real shale, it is found that the theoretical calculation of the shale bound water is not much different from the actual shale, which is of theoretical value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE28
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