【摘要】：在高壓油氣井的地面裝置中,針型節(jié)流閥是重要的井口設(shè)備之一,其抗沖蝕性能的優(yōu)劣是影響其使用壽命的一個決定性因素。閥的應(yīng)用范圍是越來越廣泛,在工業(yè)及生活中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。但是,通常閥所處的工作環(huán)境尤為惡劣,如過流面積驟減,使得流體以更高的流速通過閥芯與閥腔形成的微小過流面,在閥體工作面上產(chǎn)生明顯的蝕坑或蝕槽,導(dǎo)致閥體表面金屬流失,極易造成閥體刺穿或閥芯結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞,最終致使針型閥的變形,甚至失效。經(jīng)過分析可知,導(dǎo)致針型閥工作失效的主要原因是閥體受到顆粒沖蝕而遭到破壞。因此,為了解決沖蝕磨損問題,本文通過CFD中的Fluent建立閥體受到?jīng)_蝕磨損的空間幾何模型,采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湍流模型及QUICK差分格式、SIMPLEC壓力速度耦合方程和PRESTO壓力插補格式對針型節(jié)流閥進行液固兩相流沖刷磨蝕的數(shù)值仿真,可得沖蝕規(guī)律為:閥腔圓臺受到的沖蝕磨損較閥芯嚴(yán)重,而且隨著閥門開度的逐漸增大,閥體受到的沖蝕磨損率相對減小,而且閥芯受沖蝕較嚴(yán)重的部位也越靠近閥尖,且隨著流速的增大,磨損較嚴(yán)重的部位由閥腔右側(cè)入口處向閥腔左側(cè)移動,從而得出不同條件下引起的沖蝕磨損的量化范圍,為針型閥的抗沖蝕結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化提供一定的理論指導(dǎo)和依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Needle throttle is one of the most important wellhead equipment in the surface installation of high pressure oil and gas wells, and its erosion resistance is a decisive factor affecting its service life. Valve is more and more widely used and plays an important role in industry and life. However, the working environment of the valve is particularly bad, such as the sudden reduction of the overflow area, which causes the fluid to pass through the valve core and the valve cavity at a higher flow rate, resulting in obvious corrosion pits or grooves on the face of the valve body. Leading to metal loss on the surface of the valve body, it is easy to cause piercing of the valve body or damage of the valve core structure, resulting in the deformation or even failure of the needle valve. According to the analysis, the main reason leading to the failure of needle valve is that the valve body is damaged by particle erosion. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of erosion wear, the spatial geometry model of valve body is established by Fluent in CFD, and the standard turbulence model and QUICK difference scheme are adopted. SIMPLEC pressure-velocity coupling equation and PRESTO pressure interpolation scheme are used to simulate the erosion of needle throttle valve by liquid-solid two-phase flow erosion. The erosion rule is as follows: the erosion wear of valve chamber round table is more serious than that of valve core. And with the increasing of the valve opening, the erosion wear rate of the valve body decreases relatively, and the more serious the valve core is eroded, the closer it is to the valve tip, and with the increase of the velocity of flow, the more serious the valve core is eroded, the more serious the valve core is eroded. The parts with serious wear move from the right entrance of the valve chamber to the left side of the valve chamber, so as to obtain the quantitative range of erosion wear caused by different conditions, and provide some theoretical guidance and basis for the optimization of the anti-erosion structure of needle-shaped valves.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE931.1

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