【摘要】：使用油基鉆井液鉆井時(shí),在井壁和套管壁上會(huì)產(chǎn)生油基泥餅,該泥餅的存在不利于井壁和套管壁與水泥漿之間的膠結(jié),最終會(huì)導(dǎo)致水泥環(huán)界面膠結(jié)性能變差,從而嚴(yán)重影響固井工程的質(zhì)量。因此,有效去除井壁和套管壁上的油基泥餅,是提高固井質(zhì)量的有效手段之一。以在井壁和套管壁上形成薄的油基泥餅為目的,從有效清除井壁和套管上粘附的油基鉆井液為出發(fā)點(diǎn),依據(jù)表面活性作用,對(duì)油基泥餅解除液和清洗液進(jìn)行了篩選設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)有效去除油基泥餅的工藝進(jìn)行了探討。為減少泥餅形成的厚度,首先選取JCS、OME、YWQ、JCN-1、JCN-2、JCN-3、JCN-4、JCO-1、JCO-2、JCO-3、JCO-4等多種解除劑,將它們以一定的比例加入到油基鉆井液中,進(jìn)行掛片實(shí)驗(yàn),以泥餅解除率為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),篩選出JCN-3為泥餅去除作用最好的解除劑單劑。然后根據(jù)分子中官能團(tuán)的協(xié)同作用,將JCN-3與/C2H5OH進(jìn)行復(fù)配,通過掛片實(shí)驗(yàn),考察了復(fù)配比例及總添加量對(duì)泥餅解除率的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)JCN-3與C2H5OH按1:1進(jìn)行復(fù)配,且總添加量為鉆井液質(zhì)量的2.2%時(shí),泥餅解除率達(dá)到90%,實(shí)現(xiàn)了較好的泥餅解除效果。另外,通過對(duì)鉆井液流變特性、密度、電阻率、漏斗粘度等性質(zhì)的測(cè)定,發(fā)現(xiàn)JCN-3、JCN-3/C2H5OH復(fù)配物的加入并不會(huì)顯著影響鉆井液的主要性能。為了進(jìn)一步提高泥餅去除效果,以上述實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果為研究基礎(chǔ),研制了油基鉆井液清洗液,用于清洗井壁和套管壁上已經(jīng)形成的泥餅,進(jìn)一步減少泥餅的厚度。分別選取QXJ-1、QXJ-2、QXJ-3、QXJ-4四種清洗劑與水配成清洗液,然后將經(jīng)JCN-3和JCN-3/C2H5OH復(fù)配物處理后的泥餅浸泡在上述清洗液中進(jìn)行清洗實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明清洗劑QXJ-2的清洗效果最好,對(duì)應(yīng)的清洗液最佳濃度為1%(泥餅經(jīng)JCN-3處理后)和0.6%(泥餅經(jīng)JCN-3/C2H5OH處理后)。在確定了油基泥餅解除劑和清洗劑的基礎(chǔ)上,通過掛片實(shí)驗(yàn)和清洗實(shí)驗(yàn)考察了二者的使用條件,確定了有效去除油基泥餅的工藝。結(jié)果表明,將JCN-3/C2H5OH復(fù)配物以2.2%比例加入到55℃的油基鉆井液中作用40 min后,會(huì)降低掛片上鉆井液的粘附量,再用濃度為0.6%、溫度為45℃的QXJ-2清洗液清洗上述掛片上粘附的鉆井液20 min,泥餅解除率可達(dá)到90%。說明泥餅解除劑和清洗劑的聯(lián)合使用可顯著降低鉆井液在掛片上的粘附量,從而有利于薄泥餅的形成。為進(jìn)一步考察泥餅解除劑JCN-3/C2H5OH復(fù)配物和清洗劑QXJ-2對(duì)界面膠結(jié)強(qiáng)度的影響,進(jìn)行了界面模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明,在鉆井液中加入2.2%的JCN-3/C2H5OH復(fù)配物,然后用QXJ-2對(duì)泥餅進(jìn)行清洗,可使固井一面的膠結(jié)強(qiáng)度提高到原強(qiáng)度的10.3倍,固井界面增強(qiáng)效果顯著。
[Abstract]:When drilling with oil-based drilling fluid, oil-based mud cake will be formed on the well wall and casing wall. The existence of the mud cake is not conducive to the cementation between the well wall and casing wall and cement slurry, which will eventually lead to poor cement sheath interface cementation performance. As a result, the quality of cementing engineering is seriously affected. Therefore, it is one of the effective ways to improve cementing quality by effectively removing oil-based mud cake from well wall and casing wall. For the purpose of forming thin oil-based mud cake on the well wall and casing wall, the oil-based mud cake release fluid and cleaning fluid were screened and designed from the point of effectively clearing the oil-based drilling fluid adhered to the well wall and casing, and according to the surface activity, the oil-based mud cake release fluid and cleaning fluid were selected and designed. The technology of effectively removing oil-based mud cake was also discussed. In order to reduce the thickness of mud cake formation, a variety of hydrolyzers, such as JCS,OME,YWQ,JCN-1,JCN-2,JCN-3,JCN-4,JCO-1,JCO-2,JCO-3,JCO-4, were first selected. They were added to oil-based drilling fluid in a certain proportion, and the slicing experiment was carried out. According to the removal rate of mud cake as the evaluation index, JCN-3 was selected as the single release agent with the best removal effect of mud cake. Then according to the synergetic effect of the functional groups in the molecule, JCN-3 and / C2H5OH were mixed, and the effects of the ratio and the total amount of the mixture on the decomposition rate of mud cake were investigated by hanging experiment. The experimental results show that when JCN-3 and C2H5OH are mixed at 1:1 and the total amount of mud cake is 2.2% of drilling fluid mass, the removal rate of mud cake can reach 90%, and the better removal effect of mud cake can be achieved. In addition, through the determination of rheological properties, density, resistivity and funnel viscosity of drilling fluid, it is found that the addition of JCN-3,JCN-3/C2H5OH complex does not significantly affect the main properties of drilling fluid. In order to further improve the removal efficiency of mud cake, based on the above experimental results, oil-based drilling fluid cleaning fluid was developed to clean mud cake formed on well wall and casing wall, so as to further reduce the thickness of mud cake. Four kinds of cleaning agent QXJ-1,QXJ-2,QXJ-3,QXJ- 4 and water were selected to make cleaning solution, and then the mud cake treated with JCN-3 and JCN-3/C2H5OH compound was immersed in the above-mentioned cleaning solution for cleaning experiment. The results showed that the cleaning effect of QXJ-2 was the best, and the optimum concentration of the corresponding cleaning solution was 1% (treated with JCN-3) and 0.6% (treated with JCN-3/C2H5OH). Based on the determination of oil-based mud cake remover and cleaning agent, the application conditions of oil-based mud cake and oil-based mud cake were investigated by hanging test and cleaning experiment, and the process of effectively removing oil-based mud cake was determined. The results showed that when the mixture of JCN-3/C2H5OH was added to oil-based drilling fluid at 55 鈩，

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