【摘要】：近年來(lái)在鄂爾多斯盆地上古生界、四川盆地須家河組、塔里木盆地庫(kù)車深層發(fā)現(xiàn)了一批大型致密氣田,致密氣儲(chǔ)量、產(chǎn)量均呈現(xiàn)出快速增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì),是支撐我國(guó)天然氣工業(yè)快速、健康、穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的生力軍。水平井多段壓裂是開(kāi)發(fā)致密氣的主要有效手段。壓裂水平井的產(chǎn)能預(yù)測(cè)模型是壓裂裂縫參數(shù)優(yōu)化的基礎(chǔ)。壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能模型國(guó)內(nèi)外研究較多,但存在以下兩方面的局限。第一是隨著壓裂改造技術(shù)的精細(xì)化發(fā)展,以往將單條裂縫當(dāng)做整體建立產(chǎn)能預(yù)測(cè)模型的處理思路不符合地層下的實(shí)際情況,過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單。應(yīng)建立沿裂縫縫長(zhǎng)方向分段處理的精細(xì)化產(chǎn)能模型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上建立復(fù)雜多裂縫產(chǎn)能適合的預(yù)測(cè)模型。第二是隨著連續(xù)均質(zhì)大砂體儲(chǔ)層的枯竭,河道沉積形成的條帶狀非均質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層成為致密氣開(kāi)發(fā)的重要戰(zhàn)場(chǎng),在這類復(fù)雜地質(zhì)條件下建立壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能預(yù)測(cè)模型是亟待解決的難題。故本文在以往壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能研究的基礎(chǔ)上,從裂縫精細(xì)化產(chǎn)能和條帶狀非均質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層兩方面入手進(jìn)行壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能研究。 基于點(diǎn)源函數(shù)理論,在實(shí)空間內(nèi)通過(guò)紐曼乘積原理和勢(shì)疊加原理建立均質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層內(nèi)變縫寬裂縫產(chǎn)能預(yù)測(cè)模型,利用該模型分析了沿裂縫壁面流入量變化規(guī)律、楔形裂縫的寬窄程度在不同流動(dòng)階段對(duì)產(chǎn)能的影響情況。在變縫寬裂縫模型的基礎(chǔ)上建立了壓裂水平井的多井系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)能預(yù)測(cè)模型和復(fù)雜裂縫系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)能預(yù)測(cè)模型,分析了多井系統(tǒng)中不同位置裂縫產(chǎn)量的變化規(guī)律、復(fù)雜裂縫系統(tǒng)中不同位置裂縫產(chǎn)量變化規(guī)律等,并提出了沿裂縫縫長(zhǎng)方向?qū)Я髂芰?yōu)化建議、壓裂水平井多井系統(tǒng)以及復(fù)雜裂縫系統(tǒng)的裂縫參數(shù)優(yōu)化建議。 在均質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能預(yù)測(cè)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合邊界元方法思想,通過(guò)拉氏空間內(nèi)推導(dǎo)盒型封閉邊界點(diǎn)源函數(shù)解建立了條帶狀非均質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能預(yù)測(cè)模型。為突出非均質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層為研究重點(diǎn),將裂縫作為整體考慮。本論文應(yīng)用此模型分析了非均質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層壓裂水平井的水平井筒流入量、裂縫產(chǎn)量變化規(guī)律,討論了非均質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層對(duì)井筒及裂縫流入量的影響規(guī)律、裂縫對(duì)井筒流入量的影響規(guī)律、縫間干擾對(duì)產(chǎn)量的影響規(guī)律等,在此基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)出在條帶非均質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層中的布縫優(yōu)化思路并將其運(yùn)用到實(shí)例井中。 綜上,本論文從裂縫的變縫寬形態(tài)和條帶狀非均質(zhì)儲(chǔ)層這兩個(gè)方面擴(kuò)充了壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能預(yù)測(cè)模型,為裂縫參數(shù)優(yōu)化提供了一定指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in the Upper Paleozoic of Ordos Basin, a number of large and dense gas fields have been discovered in Xujiahe formation and Kuqa deep layer in Sichuan Basin and Tarim Basin. The dense gas reserves and production have all shown a rapid growth trend, which is the support for the rapid development of natural gas industry in China. Healthy, stable development of the new force. Multi-section fracturing in horizontal wells is the main effective means to develop dense gas. The productivity prediction model of fractured horizontal well is the basis of fracture parameter optimization. There are many researches on fracturing horizontal well productivity model at home and abroad, but there are two limitations in the following aspects. The first is that with the fine development of fracturing technology, it is too simple to treat single fracture as a whole to establish productivity prediction model. A fine productivity model should be established to deal with fracturing along the direction of fracture length, and a prediction model for complex multi-fracture productivity should be established. The second is that with the depletion of the continuous homogeneous large sand reservoir, the banded heterogeneous reservoir formed by the channel deposition becomes an important battlefield for the development of dense gas. It is an urgent problem to establish a productivity prediction model for fractured horizontal wells under such complicated geological conditions. Therefore, based on the previous research on productivity of fractured horizontal wells, the productivity of fracturing horizontal wells is studied from two aspects: fine productivity of fractures and strip heterogeneity reservoirs. Based on point source function theory, the productivity prediction model of variable fracture width fractures in homogeneous reservoir is established by Newman product principle and potential superposition principle in real space, and the variation law of inflow along fracture wall is analyzed by using this model. The influence of the width of wedge-shaped fracture on productivity in different flow stages. On the basis of variable fracture width fracture model, the productivity prediction model of multi-well system and complex fracture system is established, and the variation law of fracture production in different positions in multi-well system is analyzed. The variation law of fracture production in different positions in complex fracture system is presented. The optimization suggestions of flow conductivity along the direction of fracture length, the optimization of fracture parameters of multi-well system of fractured horizontal well and complex fracture system are put forward. Based on the productivity prediction model of fractured horizontal wells in homogeneous reservoirs and the idea of boundary element method, the productivity prediction model of fractured horizontal wells in strip heterogeneous reservoirs is established by deducing the box closed boundary point source function solution in Lagrangian space. In order to focus on heterogeneous reservoirs, fractures are considered as a whole. In this paper, the model is used to analyze the horizontal wellbore inflow and fracture production change of fractured horizontal wells in heterogeneous reservoirs, and to discuss the influence of heterogeneous reservoirs on wellbore and fracture inflow, and the influence of fractures on wellbore inflow. On the basis of the influence of interfault interference on production, the author summarizes the idea of optimizing fracture distribution in strip heterogeneous reservoir and applies it to an example well. In summary, this paper extends the productivity prediction model of fractured horizontal wells from the two aspects of fracture width shape and strip heterogeneity reservoir, and provides some guidance for the optimization of fracture parameters.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE357

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