【摘要】：近年來,非常規(guī)天然氣資源的勘探開發(fā)取得了顯著成效。其中,致密砂巖氣為天然氣勘探與開發(fā)做出了重要的貢獻(xiàn),在天然氣產(chǎn)量中所占比例日益提高。致密砂巖儲層一般具有低孔低滲、高毛管壓力、黏土礦物豐富等特征,在鉆井完井過程中工作液濾液極易侵入儲層,改變近井帶流體分布,影響電學(xué)測井精度。因此開展致密砂巖電學(xué)參數(shù)對濾液侵入的響應(yīng)關(guān)系研究,對測井精細(xì)解釋與評價具有重要意義。以塔里木J區(qū)塊致密砂巖氣層為研究對象,分析了鉆井完井液濾液侵入的地質(zhì)因素,實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了氣層在不同性質(zhì)濾液侵入過程的電學(xué)參數(shù)響應(yīng)特征。明確了研究區(qū)塊致密砂巖氣層地質(zhì)特征。該氣層孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、天然裂縫發(fā)育、存在高礦化度地層水,其中黏土礦物以伊利石、伊/蒙間層礦物為主,巖石呈中間潤濕。該氣層在鉆井完井作業(yè)過程中的工作液濾液侵入情況較為常見,影響了測井解釋等工作。實(shí)驗(yàn)分析了致密砂巖在變礦化度流體、變含水飽和度、變有效應(yīng)力條件下,巖心電阻率變化。隨著流體礦化度的增加,巖心發(fā)生鹽敏損害,平均孔喉半徑減小,滲透率降低;地層因素F與膠結(jié)指數(shù)m隨礦化度的增加而升高,當(dāng)?shù)V化度達(dá)到一定值時,上升趨勢減緩。通過電阻增大系數(shù)確定電學(xué)參數(shù)a在1.2左右,飽和度指數(shù)n約為1.7。模擬了鉆井液濾液濾液的侵入過程,并探究了侵入過程中巖心電阻率隨含水飽和度變化的響應(yīng)關(guān)系。在濾液侵入初期,巖心含水飽和度快速增加;當(dāng)含水飽和度達(dá)到60%～70%時,增加幅度減緩至平穩(wěn)。在侵入過程中,巖心電阻隨著含水飽和度的升高而降低,降低趨勢與含水飽和度的變化情況一致。計算了濾液侵入過程中井周含水飽和度及電阻率的變化。隨著濾液的侵入,井周含水飽和度變化明顯,在侵入帶范圍內(nèi),徑向含水飽和度隨著深度的增加而減小,電阻率隨深度的增加而升高。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the exploration and development of unconventional natural gas resources have achieved remarkable results. Among them, tight sandstone gas makes an important contribution to natural gas exploration and development, and accounts for an increasing proportion of natural gas production. Tight sandstone reservoirs are generally characterized by low porosity and low permeability, high capillary pressure and rich clay minerals. During drilling and completion, the filtrate of the working fluid easily invades the reservoir, changes the fluid distribution in the near well zone, and affects the electrical logging accuracy. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the response of electrical parameters of tight sandstone to filtrate invasion for fine interpretation and evaluation of logging. Taking tight sandstone gas formation of Tarim J block as the research object, the geological factors of drilling and completion fluid filtrate intrusion are analyzed, and the electrical parameter response characteristics of gas formation in different nature of filtrate invasion process are experimentally studied. The geological characteristics of tight sandstone gas formation in the study block are clarified. The pore structure of the gas reservoir is complex and the natural fractures are developed. There is high salinity formation water in which the clay is mainly Illite and interlayer minerals and the rocks are wetted in the middle. During the drilling and completion of the gas reservoir, the working fluid filtrate invasion is more common, which affects the logging interpretation and so on. The change of core resistivity of tight sandstone under the condition of variable salinity fluid, water saturation and effective stress is analyzed experimentally. With the increase of fluid salinity, salt sensitive damage occurs in the core, the average pore throat radius decreases and the permeability decreases, while the formation factor F and cementation index m increase with the increase of salinity, and the upward trend slows down when the salinity reaches a certain value. The electrical parameter a is about 1.2 and the saturation exponent n is about 1.7. The intrusion process of drilling fluid filtrate was simulated and the response of core resistivity with water saturation was investigated. In the early stage of the filtrate invasion, the water saturation of the core increases rapidly, and when the water saturation reaches 60 ~ 70, the increase slows down to stable. During the intrusion, the core resistance decreases with the increase of water saturation, and the decreasing trend is consistent with the change of water saturation. The change of water saturation and resistivity around the well during the process of filtrate invasion is calculated. With the invasion of the filtrate, the water saturation changes obviously. In the range of the invasion zone, the radial water saturation decreases with the depth increasing, and the resistivity increases with the depth increasing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE151

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