【摘要】：隨著油田水驅(qū)階段含水率的升高,水驅(qū)開采的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值逐年降低,聚合物溶液驅(qū)油作為發(fā)展較快的三次采油技術(shù)可以有效的提高原油采收率。原油儲層是非常復(fù)雜的多孔介質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu),微觀孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)和參數(shù)直接影響著聚合物驅(qū)油效率的高低。在微觀孔隙尺度上對聚合物溶液在儲層中的流動進(jìn)行研究是揭示其流動機(jī)制的重要手段,明確微觀孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對聚合物驅(qū)油效率的影響可以為聚合物溶液如何適應(yīng)各類油層及如何提高驅(qū)油效率提供有效的理論依據(jù)。本文以天然巖心壓汞實驗得到的孔吼半徑分布頻率和CT掃描得到的配位數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù),給出了基于自適應(yīng)性的數(shù)字巖心構(gòu)建方法,運(yùn)用所構(gòu)建數(shù)字巖心進(jìn)行了不同區(qū)塊天然巖心的滲透率計算并與真實值進(jìn)行對比,驗證了所構(gòu)建數(shù)字巖心的正確性。運(yùn)用阻力最小原則解決了孔隙內(nèi)不同流體的流動變更,結(jié)合水電相似原理實現(xiàn)了水驅(qū)油、聚驅(qū)油的動態(tài)滲流模擬過程。分別研究了聚合物溶液粘彈性、不可及孔隙體積特性、吸附特性對聚合物驅(qū)油效率的影響。在考慮了聚合物粘彈性、不可及孔隙體積特性、吸附特性情況下,研究了不同微觀孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對聚驅(qū)采收率提高值的影響,運(yùn)用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)理論分析了各個微觀孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對聚驅(qū)驅(qū)油效率的影響大小。結(jié)果表明:考慮聚合物溶液的彈性特性情況下聚驅(qū)驅(qū)油效率值增大,并且隨著彈性的增大,其聚合物溶液驅(qū)油效率增高;考慮聚合物溶液的不可及孔隙體積特性時的聚驅(qū)采收率提高值增大;聚合物溶液的吸附特性使聚驅(qū)采收率值變低,并且隨著聚合物溶液相對分子質(zhì)量和濃度的增加,其降低值呈增大趨勢;隨著孔喉半徑、形狀因子的增大,聚驅(qū)提高采收率值增大;隨著配位數(shù)的增大,剩余油的形成機(jī)會減少,聚驅(qū)驅(qū)油效率值逐漸增大;隨著孔喉比的增大、聚驅(qū)提高采收率值降低;隨著水濕喉道比例的增加,聚驅(qū)的波及體積變大,驅(qū)油效率增高;其中配位數(shù)和喉道半徑對聚驅(qū)采收率提高值影響較大,且配位數(shù)影響程度最高,形狀因子和潤濕性也屬于重要影響參數(shù),影響程度比配位數(shù)和喉道半徑略小,孔喉比對聚驅(qū)采收率提高值的影響相對較低。
[Abstract]:With the increase of water cut in water flooding stage, the economic value of water drive production decreases year by year. Polymer solution flooding as a rapid development of tertiary oil recovery technology can effectively improve oil recovery. Crude oil reservoir is a very complex porous media structure. The micro pore structure and parameters directly affect the polymer flooding efficiency. The study on the flow of polymer solution in reservoir at the micropore scale is an important means to reveal the flow mechanism of polymer solution. The effect of microcosmic pore structure parameters on polymer flooding efficiency can provide an effective theoretical basis for how polymer solution adapts to various reservoirs and how to improve oil displacement efficiency. Based on the distribution frequency of roar radius obtained from mercury injection experiment in natural cores and the coordination number data obtained by CT scanning, a digital core construction method based on adaptive method is presented. The permeability of natural cores in different blocks is calculated by using the constructed digital cores and compared with the true values, which verifies the correctness of the constructed digital cores. The flow change of different fluids in pores is solved by using the principle of minimum resistance, and the dynamic seepage simulation process of water flooding and polymer flooding is realized by combining the principle of hydroelectricity similarity. The effects of viscoelasticity, unreachable pore volume and adsorption on polymer flooding efficiency were studied. Considering the viscoelasticity of polymer, the volume characteristics of unreachable pores and the adsorption characteristics, the effects of different micro-pore structure parameters on the enhanced recovery of polymer flooding are studied. The influence of micro-pore structure parameters on the oil displacement efficiency of polymer flooding is analyzed by using grey relation theory. The results show that the polymer flooding efficiency increases when the elasticity of polymer solution is taken into account, and the oil displacement efficiency increases with the increase of elasticity. Considering the unreachable pore volume characteristics of polymer solution, the increase value of polymer flooding recovery is increased. The adsorption characteristics of polymer solution make the value of polymer flooding oil recovery lower, and with the increase of relative molecular weight and concentration of polymer solution, the decreasing value of polymer solution tends to increase. With the increase of pore throat radius and shape factor, the enhanced oil recovery value of polymer flooding increases, and with the increase of coordination number, the formation opportunity of remaining oil decreases, and the efficiency value of polymer flooding increases gradually. With the increase of pore throat ratio, the oil recovery of polymer flooding decreases, the sweep volume of polymer flooding becomes larger and the oil displacement efficiency increases with the increase of water / wet throat ratio. Among them, the coordination number and throat radius have great influence on the enhanced recovery factor of polymer flooding, and the coordination number has the highest influence degree, and the shape factor and wettability are also important parameters, and the influence degree is slightly smaller than the coordination number and throat radius. The effect of pore throat ratio on oil recovery in polymer flooding is relatively low.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.46

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