硼酸酯添加劑的制備及摩擦學(xué)特性的研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-09 10:40
【摘要】：有機(jī)硼酸酯因其低毒性、無異味和優(yōu)良的極壓抗磨性能而受到研究人員的廣泛關(guān)注,被稱為“綠色”添加劑。然而,硼酸酯的水解敏感性常常導(dǎo)致潤滑油中含有不溶物或沉淀,這主要是因?yàn)槠渲械娜彪娮优鹪匾子谂c空氣中的水分子結(jié)合而導(dǎo)致酯鍵斷裂。為此,引入氮元素以彌補(bǔ)硼元素的缺電子性、增加添加劑分子的空間位阻,便成為解決這一問題的重要手段�；谶@一思路,制備了四種硼酸酯添加劑YXB、YX2、YX3和SNPA,制備了一種含鉬添加劑YXM,作為對比,采用了工業(yè)上常用添加劑ZDDP。應(yīng)用紅外光譜儀(FT-IR)和元素分析(EA)手段對合成產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了表征,測試了它們的油溶性和水解穩(wěn)定性。采用四球機(jī)測試了添加劑的摩擦學(xué)性能。結(jié)果表明:1.合成的含硼、鉬添加劑具有優(yōu)良的極壓性能。當(dāng)添加量為3.0%時,添加劑YXB、YXM的PB值相比于基礎(chǔ)油PAO分別增加了 175%、194%,添加劑SNPA的PB值相比于基礎(chǔ)油PAO增加了 203%。2.合成的含硼、鉬添加劑具有良好的抗磨性能。當(dāng)YXM的添加量為2.5%時,WSD達(dá)到最小值0.44mm,相比于基礎(chǔ)油減小了 42.1%;當(dāng)SNPA的添加量為2.5%時,WSD達(dá)到最小值,為0.49mm,相比于基礎(chǔ)油減小了 29.6%。3.合成的含硼、鉬添加劑具有較好的減摩性能。在添加量為1.0%時,YXB和YXM對應(yīng)的平均摩擦系數(shù)分別為0.0766、0.0796,相比于基礎(chǔ)油PAO分別減小了24.4%和21.4%;在添加量為2.5%時,SNPA對應(yīng)的平均摩擦系數(shù)為0.0787,相比于基礎(chǔ)油減小了 22.3%。4.添加劑SNPA與ZDDP的對比結(jié)果顯示,前者的極壓、抗磨與減摩性能更為優(yōu)良。采用SEM和XPS研究了磨損表面的形貌及摩擦膜的化學(xué)組成。SEM圖片顯示,在含添加劑的油樣潤滑狀態(tài)下,磨損表面更加光滑,表面擦傷更加輕微;而在基礎(chǔ)油潤滑狀態(tài)下,磨損表面則嚴(yán)重擦傷。XPS結(jié)果表明,磨損表面存在有機(jī)分子碎片的物理化學(xué)吸附,生成了一些摩擦化學(xué)產(chǎn)物,如Fe203、BN、B203、Mo03和FeS04等,這些吸附物和反應(yīng)生成物一起構(gòu)成了成分復(fù)雜的摩擦膜以保護(hù)接觸表面。
[Abstract]:Organic borate is widely concerned by researchers because of its low toxicity, no odour and excellent extreme pressure and antiwear properties, so it is called "green" additive. However, the hydrolytic sensitivity of borate esters often leads to insoluble or precipitate in lubricating oils, which is mainly due to the easy binding of boron deficiency elements with water molecules in air, resulting in ester bond breakage. Therefore, the introduction of nitrogen to make up for the electron deficiency of boron and the increase of steric resistance of additive molecules have become an important means to solve this problem. Based on this idea, four borate additives, YXB,YX2,YX3 and SNPA, were prepared and a molybdenum containing additive YXM, was prepared as a comparison. The commonly used additives in industry, ZDDP., were used. The synthesized products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and elemental analysis (EA), and their oil solubility and hydrolysis stability were tested. The tribological properties of additives were tested by four ball machine. The results show that: 1. The additives containing boron and molybdenum have excellent extreme pressure properties. When the additive dosage was 3.0, the PB value of additive YXB,YXM increased by 175% compared with that of base oil PAO, and the PB value of additive SNPA increased by 203%. 2. 2 compared with base oil PAO. The synthetic additives containing boron and molybdenum have good antiwear properties. When the addition of YXM is 2.5, the minimum value of WSD is 0.44 mm, which is 42.1 mm lower than that of base oil. When the amount of SNPA added is 2.5, WSD reaches a minimum of 0.49mm, which is 29.60.3mm less than base oil. The synthetic additives containing boron and molybdenum have good antifriction properties. The average friction coefficient of YXB and YXM is 0.076 6 ~ 0.0796 when the addition amount is 1.0, which is 24.4% and 21.4% less than that of base oil PAO, respectively. The average friction coefficient of SNPA is 0.0787 when the addition amount is 2.5. Compared with base oil, the friction coefficient decreases 22.3.4. The comparison of additive SNPA and ZDDP shows that the extreme pressure, antiwear and antifriction of the former are better. The morphology of the wear surface and the chemical composition of the friction film were studied by SEM and XPS. SEM images show that the wear surface is smoother and the surface scratch is more slight under the lubricating condition of the oil sample containing additives. The XPS results show that there exists physical and chemical adsorption of organic molecular fragments on the worn surface, resulting in some tribological chemical products, such as Fe203,BN,B203,Mo03 and FeS04, etc. Together with the reactants, these adsorbents form a complex friction film to protect the contact surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE624.82
本文編號：2405515
[Abstract]:Organic borate is widely concerned by researchers because of its low toxicity, no odour and excellent extreme pressure and antiwear properties, so it is called "green" additive. However, the hydrolytic sensitivity of borate esters often leads to insoluble or precipitate in lubricating oils, which is mainly due to the easy binding of boron deficiency elements with water molecules in air, resulting in ester bond breakage. Therefore, the introduction of nitrogen to make up for the electron deficiency of boron and the increase of steric resistance of additive molecules have become an important means to solve this problem. Based on this idea, four borate additives, YXB,YX2,YX3 and SNPA, were prepared and a molybdenum containing additive YXM, was prepared as a comparison. The commonly used additives in industry, ZDDP., were used. The synthesized products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and elemental analysis (EA), and their oil solubility and hydrolysis stability were tested. The tribological properties of additives were tested by four ball machine. The results show that: 1. The additives containing boron and molybdenum have excellent extreme pressure properties. When the additive dosage was 3.0, the PB value of additive YXB,YXM increased by 175% compared with that of base oil PAO, and the PB value of additive SNPA increased by 203%. 2. 2 compared with base oil PAO. The synthetic additives containing boron and molybdenum have good antiwear properties. When the addition of YXM is 2.5, the minimum value of WSD is 0.44 mm, which is 42.1 mm lower than that of base oil. When the amount of SNPA added is 2.5, WSD reaches a minimum of 0.49mm, which is 29.60.3mm less than base oil. The synthetic additives containing boron and molybdenum have good antifriction properties. The average friction coefficient of YXB and YXM is 0.076 6 ~ 0.0796 when the addition amount is 1.0, which is 24.4% and 21.4% less than that of base oil PAO, respectively. The average friction coefficient of SNPA is 0.0787 when the addition amount is 2.5. Compared with base oil, the friction coefficient decreases 22.3.4. The comparison of additive SNPA and ZDDP shows that the extreme pressure, antiwear and antifriction of the former are better. The morphology of the wear surface and the chemical composition of the friction film were studied by SEM and XPS. SEM images show that the wear surface is smoother and the surface scratch is more slight under the lubricating condition of the oil sample containing additives. The XPS results show that there exists physical and chemical adsorption of organic molecular fragments on the worn surface, resulting in some tribological chemical products, such as Fe203,BN,B203,Mo03 and FeS04, etc. Together with the reactants, these adsorbents form a complex friction film to protect the contact surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE624.82
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