【摘要】：C氣藏主力層系為低滲儲層,目標(biāo)層位溫度較高,普遍采用水平井開發(fā),部分井在出現(xiàn)投產(chǎn)后產(chǎn)量小甚至沒有產(chǎn)量的情況。該區(qū)塊所采用的“打孔管+射孔”的完井方式以及海上特殊施工環(huán)境的限制,對增產(chǎn)技術(shù)提出了特殊的要求,之前所進(jìn)行的解堵增產(chǎn)措施針對性不足、效果不佳。本文在前人基礎(chǔ)上,綜合考慮儲層狀況、井身?xiàng)l件、產(chǎn)能需要和設(shè)備能力等問題,開展海上低滲高溫氣藏水平井解堵工藝研究。 通過調(diào)研現(xiàn)場資料及對取心井巖芯進(jìn)行X射線衍射,明確了目標(biāo)層位物性差、孔滲小、非均質(zhì)性嚴(yán)重；通過開展室內(nèi)敏感性評價(jià)實(shí)驗(yàn),明確了目標(biāo)層位為弱～中偏弱速敏、中偏弱水敏、弱土酸酸敏、弱堿敏。通過對目標(biāo)水平井鉆完井傷害模擬及生產(chǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生的潛在傷害因素分析,明確了工程因素對儲層的傷害,揭示了井層條件下對解堵工藝和解堵液體系的特殊需求。 通過大量實(shí)驗(yàn)評價(jià)優(yōu)選,確定復(fù)合解堵工作液配方。與該氣藏以往使用的解堵液相比,此配方包括復(fù)合破膠液、非酸及酸化解堵液。通過對儲層傷害原因和儲層改造面臨的難點(diǎn)分析和評價(jià),針對C氣藏儲層傷害的主控因素,基于海上解堵工藝的可行性,以及經(jīng)濟(jì)效益考慮,確定采取“多級復(fù)合解堵工藝”。 開展水平井井筒及淺表解堵工藝方案研究,優(yōu)選復(fù)合破膠液體系以及非酸解堵液體系,通過物理沖刷和化學(xué)破膠雙重作用解除近井地帶淺表的固相及液相侵入等綜合堵塞。以目標(biāo)儲層單井典型管柱結(jié)構(gòu)建立三維模型,利用F1uent軟件對解堵工作液在水平井段的流場進(jìn)行模擬,研究了影響流場速度分布的因素和影響規(guī)律,明確了不同施工參數(shù)及打孔管柱規(guī)格下的近井壁處的流速分布規(guī)律,判斷解堵工作液清洗效果,優(yōu)化工藝參數(shù)。 開展水平井深度酸化工藝研究方案研究,對緩速酸酸液體系進(jìn)行優(yōu)選。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該體系能夠滿足緩速、防膨、緩蝕等性能要求,對儲層滲透率改善明顯。對酸化施工關(guān)鍵參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),包括最大施工排量、極限泵壓、酸化工作液用量以及返排措施等。 本文從理論研究、室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬等方面研究,得到了一套針對C氣藏的低滲高溫氣藏水平井的復(fù)合解堵技術(shù),對該區(qū)塊的解堵增產(chǎn)具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The main formation system of C gas reservoir is low permeability reservoir and the temperature of target horizon is high. Horizontal wells are widely used for development. Some wells have little or no production after they are put into production. The completion mode of "perforating pipe" adopted in this block and the limitation of special offshore operation environment have put forward special requirements for the production increasing technology. The previous measures for removing plugging and increasing production are insufficient in pertinence and poor in effect. In this paper, based on the former, considering the reservoir conditions, wellbore conditions, productivity needs and equipment capacity, research on the plugging removal technology of horizontal wells in low permeability and high temperature gas reservoirs is carried out. By investigating the field data and conducting X-ray diffraction on the core of the coring well, it is clear that the physical property of the target horizon is poor, the porosity and permeability are small, and the heterogeneity is serious. Through the laboratory sensitivity evaluation experiments, it is clear that the target horizon is weak to moderate weak speed sensitivity, middle weak water sensitivity, weak soil acid sensitivity and weak base sensitivity. Through the simulation of drilling and completion damage in the target horizontal well and the analysis of the potential damage factors in the production process, the damage caused by engineering factors to the reservoir is clarified, and the special requirements of the plugging removal process and the fluid plugging system under the conditions of the well layer are revealed. Through a large number of experiments to evaluate the optimal selection, the formula of compound plugging solution was determined. Compared with the gas reservoir used in the past, this formula includes compound gel breaking solution, non acid solution and acid solution. Based on the analysis and evaluation of the causes of reservoir damage and the difficulties encountered in reservoir reconstruction, and in view of the main controlling factors of reservoir damage in C gas reservoir, based on the feasibility of offshore plugging removal technology and the consideration of economic benefits, the "multistage composite plugging removal process" is determined. This paper studies the plugging removal technology of horizontal well bore and shallow surface, optimizes the compound gel breaking liquid system and the non-acid plugging system, and solves the comprehensive blockage of the shallow surface solid and liquid phase invasion in the near well area by the dual action of physical scouring and chemical gel breaking. Based on the typical pipe string structure of a single well in the target reservoir, a three-dimensional model is established, and the flow field of the plugging solution in the horizontal well is simulated by using F1uent software. The factors affecting the velocity distribution of the flow field and the influencing law are studied. The distribution law of velocity near the shaft wall under different construction parameters and perforating pipe string specifications is defined, the cleaning effect of the working fluid for plugging removal is judged, and the technological parameters are optimized. The deep acidizing process of horizontal well was studied and the acid solution system was selected. The experimental results show that the system can meet the performance requirements of retarding, anti-swelling and corrosion inhibition, and can obviously improve the reservoir permeability. The key parameters of acidizing construction are optimized, including the maximum construction displacement, the limit pump pressure, the amount of acidizing working fluid and the measures of backflow, etc. In this paper, from the aspects of theoretical research, laboratory experiments and numerical simulation, a set of complex plugging removal techniques for horizontal wells of low permeability and high temperature gas reservoirs in C gas reservoir are obtained, which is of important guiding significance for removing plugging and increasing production in this block.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE37

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