【摘要】：隨著油田開發(fā)的不斷深入,油田伴生氣的組成、流量、壓力等氣質(zhì)條件發(fā)生了較大變化,對(duì)處理工藝的適應(yīng)性提出了更高的挑戰(zhàn)。國內(nèi)油田對(duì)伴生氣的處理工藝以直接換熱工藝(Direct Heat Exchange Process, DHX)為主,處理工藝單一,換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)簡(jiǎn)單。亟需開發(fā)一種適用于油田伴生氣的高效凝液回收工藝,提高裝置對(duì)不同工況的適應(yīng)性和裝置整體經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,實(shí)現(xiàn)裝置的高效、經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行,具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)意義。 在調(diào)研國內(nèi)外典型凝液回收工藝的基礎(chǔ)上,深入分析了代表性工藝的優(yōu)勢(shì)和不足,總結(jié)了國外新工藝的改進(jìn)措施和發(fā)展方向；重點(diǎn)調(diào)研了高尚堡油氣處理裝置的運(yùn)行工況和丙烷回收率低的主要原因。 分析了常規(guī)DHX工藝的特點(diǎn),確定了最優(yōu)的增壓方案,在應(yīng)用兩級(jí)分離、增設(shè)脫乙烷塔頂回流罐等措施進(jìn)行工藝改進(jìn)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了低溫分離器液相進(jìn)重接觸塔方案和脫乙烷塔頂增設(shè)丙烷制冷器方案,確定了在脫乙烷塔塔頂增設(shè)丙烷制冷器的改進(jìn)方案。運(yùn)用基于夾點(diǎn)理論的換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)模擬技術(shù),建立了多股流冷箱的換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,明確了多股流冷箱的換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)的優(yōu)化方向,通過對(duì)冷箱內(nèi)流股換熱順序的改進(jìn)優(yōu)化,提出了適用于油田伴生氣的高效工藝——低溫吸收回流工藝(The Low Temperature Absorption Reflow Process, LRP)。 基于炯分析理論評(píng)價(jià)了多股流冷箱換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)的合理性,冷箱內(nèi)各換熱設(shè)備的換熱(?)效率均達(dá)到95%以上,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了LRP工藝換熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)得到最大程度的優(yōu)化。分析了LRP工藝對(duì)原料氣氣質(zhì)組成和增壓壓力的適應(yīng)性,LRP工藝對(duì)原料氣氣質(zhì)條件的變化適應(yīng)性強(qiáng),LRP工藝特別適用于氣質(zhì)較富油田伴生氣進(jìn)行丙烷回收,當(dāng)處理氣質(zhì)較貧的凝析氣(C1/C2大于9)時(shí),系統(tǒng)冷量充足,可取消脫乙烷塔頂丙烷制冷器。 針對(duì)冀東油田高尚堡油氣處理裝置存在的問題,提出了工藝參數(shù)優(yōu)化方案和工藝流程改進(jìn)方案。基于不改變流程及設(shè)備的前提下,應(yīng)用流程優(yōu)化技術(shù)對(duì)高尚堡油氣處理裝置進(jìn)行工藝參數(shù)優(yōu)化,分析了可調(diào)變量對(duì)優(yōu)化目標(biāo)的影響,建立了工藝參數(shù)優(yōu)化模型,提出了工藝參數(shù)控制措施；基于開發(fā)的LRP工藝對(duì)其進(jìn)行了工藝流程改進(jìn)。在調(diào)研增加設(shè)備市場(chǎng)價(jià)格的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)兩方案進(jìn)行了對(duì)比評(píng)價(jià),應(yīng)用LRP工藝的改進(jìn)方案,丙烷回收率提高至98.6%,裝置穩(wěn)定性提高,每年可提高裝置收益2083.3萬元,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益可觀。
[Abstract]:With the development of oil field, the composition of associated gas, flow rate, pressure and other temperament conditions have changed greatly, which poses a higher challenge to the adaptability of the treatment process. The main process of treating associated gas in domestic oilfields is direct heat transfer process (Direct Heat Exchange Process, DHX), the treatment process is simple and the heat transfer network is simple. It is urgent to develop an efficient condensate recovery process suitable for oil field associated gas, to improve the adaptability of the unit to different working conditions and the overall economic benefit of the unit, and to realize the efficient and economical operation of the unit, which has a very important practical significance. Based on the investigation of typical condensate recovery processes at home and abroad, the advantages and disadvantages of representative processes are analyzed in depth, and the improvement measures and development directions of new processes abroad are summarized. The main reasons for the low propane recovery rate and the operating condition of the oil and gas treatment unit were investigated. The characteristics of conventional DHX process are analyzed, and the optimal pressurization scheme is determined. Based on the application of two-stage separation and the addition of deethane tower top reflux tank, the process is improved. The scheme of liquid phase intake contact tower for low temperature separator and the scheme of adding propane cooler to the top of deethane tower are put forward, and the improved scheme of adding propane cooler to the top of deethane tower is determined. By using the heat exchange network simulation technology based on the pinch theory, the heat transfer network model of the multi-stream cooling box is established, and the optimization direction of the heat transfer network of the multi-stream cooling box is defined. Through the improvement of the heat transfer sequence in the cooling box, the optimization of the heat transfer sequence is obtained. An efficient process suitable for oil field associated gas, low temperature absorption and reflux process (The Low Temperature Absorption Reflow Process, LRP).), is put forward. Based on the theory of jiong analysis, the rationality of heat transfer network of multi-stream cooling box is evaluated, and the heat transfer of each heat exchanger in the cooling box is discussed. The efficiency is over 95%, which further verifies that the LRP process heat transfer network is optimized to the maximum extent. The adaptability of LRP process to the composition of feedstock gas and pressurization pressure is analyzed. The LRP process has strong adaptability to the change of gas condition of raw gas. LRP process is especially suitable for propane recovery of associated gas in oil fields with rich gas quality. When the condensate gas with poor temperament (C1/C2 > 9) is treated, the cooling capacity of the system is sufficient to cancel the deethane tower top propane cooler. In view of the problems existing in the oil and gas treatment unit of Haobu in Jidong Oilfield, the optimization scheme of process parameters and the scheme of technological process improvement are put forward. Based on the premise of not changing the process flow and equipment, the process parameters are optimized by using the process optimization technology, the influence of adjustable variables on the optimization objective is analyzed, and the optimization model of process parameters is established. The control measures of process parameters are put forward. The technological process was improved based on the developed LRP process. On the basis of investigation and research to increase the market price of the equipment, the two schemes are compared and evaluated. By using the improved scheme of LRP process, the propane recovery rate is increased to 98.6%, the unit stability is improved, and the unit income can be increased by 20.833 million yuan per year. Economic benefits are considerable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE64

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