【摘要】：抽油桿是油井工作中的重要零部件,它負(fù)責(zé)將抽油機(jī)的動(dòng)力傳給抽油泵。不僅如此,抽油桿的使用壽命對(duì)抽油設(shè)備的最大泵深度以及排量有著重要的影響。在工作過(guò)程中,抽油桿的受力狀態(tài)較復(fù)雜,并且直接與多種腐蝕性介質(zhì)接觸,受到強(qiáng)烈的腐蝕。因此,疲勞斷裂與腐蝕疲勞斷裂是抽油桿的兩種主要失效形式。抽油桿一旦出現(xiàn)故障,就會(huì)影響原油產(chǎn)量,增大修井費(fèi)用,從而增加原油成本。所以,在調(diào)查分析抽油機(jī)井桿系統(tǒng)的故障情況之后,深入研究抽油桿柱疲勞壽命可靠性具有重大的意義。首先,調(diào)查油井的現(xiàn)有故障,建立了抽油桿系統(tǒng)故障樹(shù)。從抽油桿系統(tǒng)故障樹(shù)定性、定量?jī)蓚�(gè)方面入手,對(duì)其進(jìn)行研究分析,找出抽油桿系統(tǒng)中需要改進(jìn)的環(huán)節(jié);其次,針對(duì)這些待改進(jìn)的環(huán)節(jié),給出應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子的計(jì)算方法,并探究抽油桿疲勞裂紋擴(kuò)展的一般規(guī)律,從而在理論上便于列出抽油桿剩余壽命的表達(dá)式;再次,研究抽油桿柱軸向載荷的分布規(guī)律,運(yùn)用有限元軟件,研究已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)裂紋和腐蝕等情況的抽油桿,計(jì)算最大等效應(yīng)力及應(yīng)力集中系數(shù),考慮應(yīng)力計(jì)算的誤差以及桿柱缺陷尺寸的不確定性,列出整體桿柱的失效率和可靠度;最后,建立抽油桿經(jīng)濟(jì)使用年限的可靠性評(píng)價(jià)方法,并分析裂紋、使用年限和斑坑等因素對(duì)抽油桿系統(tǒng)可靠性的影響。本文深入探究評(píng)價(jià)抽油桿系統(tǒng)疲勞壽命和系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)使用年限可靠性方法。這使得深入研究抽油桿可靠性優(yōu)化方法和抽油桿評(píng)價(jià)技術(shù)有了堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ),有助于減少系統(tǒng)運(yùn)作成本,也有助于增加油田的經(jīng)濟(jì)收益。
[Abstract]:Sucker rod is an important part in oil well work, it is responsible for transferring the power of pumping unit to sucker pump. Moreover, the service life of sucker rod has an important influence on the maximum pump depth and displacement of pumping equipment. In the working process, the sucker rod is subjected to severe corrosion due to its complex stress state and direct contact with various corrosive media. Therefore, fatigue fracture and corrosion fatigue fracture are two main failure modes of sucker rod. Once the sucker rod breaks down, the crude oil production will be affected and the workover cost will be increased, thus increasing the crude oil cost. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the fatigue life reliability of sucker rod string after investigating and analyzing the fault of rod system of pumping unit. Firstly, the fault tree of sucker rod system is established by investigating the existing faults of oil well. From the qualitative and quantitative aspects of sucker rod system fault tree, this paper studies and analyzes it, and finds out the links that need to be improved in sucker rod system. Secondly, the calculation method of stress intensity factor is given, and the general law of fatigue crack propagation of sucker rod is explored, so it is convenient to list the expression of residual life of sucker rod in theory. Thirdly, the distribution law of axial load of sucker rod string is studied. By using finite element software, the sucker rod with cracks and corrosion is studied, and the maximum equivalent stress and stress concentration factor are calculated. Considering the error of stress calculation and the uncertainty of defect size, the failure rate and reliability of the whole column are listed. Finally, the reliability evaluation method of sucker rod economic service life is established, and the effects of cracks, service life and spot pit on the reliability of sucker rod system are analyzed. In this paper, the reliability method of evaluating fatigue life and economic service life of sucker rod system is studied. This makes it possible to study the optimization method of sucker rod reliability and the evaluation technology of sucker rod on a solid theoretical basis, which is helpful to reduce the operating cost of the system and to increase the economic benefits of the oil field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE933.2

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本文編號(hào)：2340129