注空氣重力穩(wěn)定驅(qū)替機(jī)理與油藏模擬研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-18 13:06
【摘要】：注氣(空氣、N2、CO2等)是低滲油藏提高采收率的有效方法�？諝怛�(qū)油技術(shù)具有來(lái)源廣、成本低和氧化反應(yīng)的熱效應(yīng)等特點(diǎn),具有一定的優(yōu)勢(shì)。尤其是對(duì)于傾角較大和油層較厚的低滲透區(qū)塊,高壓注空氣非混相重力穩(wěn)定驅(qū)工藝具有很大的優(yōu)越性。本文結(jié)合遼河油田齊131區(qū)塊油藏條件,建立了空氣驅(qū)油藏?cái)?shù)值模擬概念模型進(jìn)行空氣驅(qū)機(jī)理研究。模擬結(jié)果表明:原油的低溫氧化反應(yīng)能有效地消耗氧氣,并放出熱量,使油藏溫度升高。氣驅(qū)是注空氣提高原油采收率最主要的作用,其次是熱效應(yīng)。注入氣體的溶脹作用有利于提高原油采收率,但貢獻(xiàn)不大。重力穩(wěn)定驅(qū)替有利于提高驅(qū)油效果,在“高注低采”的格局下,地層傾角越大,重力穩(wěn)定驅(qū)油效果越高�？諝怛�(qū)敏感性分析表明:地層傾角、注氣速度和沉積韻律對(duì)注空氣重力穩(wěn)定驅(qū)油效果影響較大。低速度注氣容易穩(wěn)定氣體前緣,降低粘性指進(jìn)和氣竄,提高驅(qū)替效率;正韻律地層的注氣驅(qū)油效果最好。針對(duì)齊131區(qū)塊的實(shí)際情況,建立了實(shí)際油藏?cái)?shù)值模擬模型,并進(jìn)行歷史擬合。通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)案例分析、油藏?cái)?shù)值模擬以及理論計(jì)算的方式,論證了目標(biāo)區(qū)塊的開發(fā)方式。對(duì)于齊131油藏,高溫氧化不易形成和穩(wěn)定,在提高原油采收率效果方面與低溫氧化相差甚小,“火驅(qū)”熱貢獻(xiàn)的驅(qū)油效果不大;并且高溫氧化工藝復(fù)雜,且需要大排量注氣設(shè)備,因此針對(duì)齊131區(qū)塊的實(shí)際情況,推薦采用低速注氣-重力穩(wěn)定-低溫氧化的開發(fā)方式。齊131區(qū)塊注空氣重力穩(wěn)定驅(qū)方案設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化結(jié)果表明:分區(qū)高注低采注氣井網(wǎng)采收率最高,氣體突破時(shí)間晚,穩(wěn)產(chǎn)效果好,并且區(qū)塊綜合含水率最低,是最優(yōu)的井網(wǎng)形式;單井注氣速度為30000m3/d時(shí),能顯著的降低含油飽和度、有效地保持油藏壓力、補(bǔ)充地層能量,開發(fā)效果最好;此外,模擬結(jié)果顯示,有3口生產(chǎn)井發(fā)現(xiàn)有氧氣產(chǎn)出,建議在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)施注空氣重力穩(wěn)定驅(qū)時(shí)應(yīng)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)氧氣濃度,當(dāng)氧氣濃度到達(dá)爆炸閾值時(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)采取相應(yīng)安全措施。
[Abstract]:Gas injection (air, N _ 2 CO _ 2 etc.) is an effective method to improve oil recovery in low permeability reservoirs. Air displacement technology has some advantages, such as wide source, low cost and thermal effect of oxidation reaction. Especially for low permeability blocks with large dip angle and thicker reservoir, the high pressure air injection immiscible gravity stable displacement technology has great superiority. Based on the reservoir conditions of Q131 block in Liaohe Oilfield, a conceptual model of air drive reservoir numerical simulation is established to study the mechanism of air flooding. The simulation results show that the oxidation reaction of crude oil at low temperature can effectively consume oxygen and release heat, thus increasing the reservoir temperature. Gas flooding is the most important role of air injection to improve oil recovery, followed by thermal effect. The swelling effect of injected gas is beneficial to improve oil recovery, but its contribution is not significant. Gravity stable displacement is beneficial to improve the displacement effect. Under the pattern of "high injection and low production", the greater the dip angle, the higher the displacement effect of gravity stability. The sensitivity analysis of air flooding shows that the formation dip angle, gas injection velocity and sedimentary rhythm have great influence on the stable displacement effect of air injection gravity. Low velocity gas injection is easy to stabilize the gas front, reduce viscous fingering and gas channeling, and improve displacement efficiency. According to the actual situation of Q131 block, the numerical simulation model of real reservoir is established, and the historical fitting is carried out. Through field case analysis, reservoir numerical simulation and theoretical calculation, the development mode of target block is demonstrated. For Qi131 reservoir, high temperature oxidation is not easy to be formed and stable, and there is a small difference between high temperature oxidation and low temperature oxidation in improving oil recovery efficiency. The high temperature oxidation process is complex and needs large displacement gas injection equipment. Therefore, the low speed gas injection, gravity stabilization and low temperature oxidation are recommended for the actual situation of Qi131 block. The results of design and optimization of gravity stable displacement scheme for air injection in Q131 block show that the pattern of gas recovery is the highest, the gas breakthrough time is late, the stable production effect is good, and the comprehensive water cut is the lowest in the block, which is the best pattern of well pattern. When the gas injection velocity of single well is 30000m3/d, the oil saturation can be significantly reduced, the reservoir pressure can be effectively maintained, the formation energy can be replenished, and the development effect is the best. In addition, the simulation results show that oxygen output has been found in 3 production wells. It is suggested that the oxygen concentration should be monitored in real time when air injection gravity stable flooding is carried out, and the corresponding safety measures should be taken when the oxygen concentration reaches the explosion threshold.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE357.7
本文編號(hào)：2340113
[Abstract]:Gas injection (air, N _ 2 CO _ 2 etc.) is an effective method to improve oil recovery in low permeability reservoirs. Air displacement technology has some advantages, such as wide source, low cost and thermal effect of oxidation reaction. Especially for low permeability blocks with large dip angle and thicker reservoir, the high pressure air injection immiscible gravity stable displacement technology has great superiority. Based on the reservoir conditions of Q131 block in Liaohe Oilfield, a conceptual model of air drive reservoir numerical simulation is established to study the mechanism of air flooding. The simulation results show that the oxidation reaction of crude oil at low temperature can effectively consume oxygen and release heat, thus increasing the reservoir temperature. Gas flooding is the most important role of air injection to improve oil recovery, followed by thermal effect. The swelling effect of injected gas is beneficial to improve oil recovery, but its contribution is not significant. Gravity stable displacement is beneficial to improve the displacement effect. Under the pattern of "high injection and low production", the greater the dip angle, the higher the displacement effect of gravity stability. The sensitivity analysis of air flooding shows that the formation dip angle, gas injection velocity and sedimentary rhythm have great influence on the stable displacement effect of air injection gravity. Low velocity gas injection is easy to stabilize the gas front, reduce viscous fingering and gas channeling, and improve displacement efficiency. According to the actual situation of Q131 block, the numerical simulation model of real reservoir is established, and the historical fitting is carried out. Through field case analysis, reservoir numerical simulation and theoretical calculation, the development mode of target block is demonstrated. For Qi131 reservoir, high temperature oxidation is not easy to be formed and stable, and there is a small difference between high temperature oxidation and low temperature oxidation in improving oil recovery efficiency. The high temperature oxidation process is complex and needs large displacement gas injection equipment. Therefore, the low speed gas injection, gravity stabilization and low temperature oxidation are recommended for the actual situation of Qi131 block. The results of design and optimization of gravity stable displacement scheme for air injection in Q131 block show that the pattern of gas recovery is the highest, the gas breakthrough time is late, the stable production effect is good, and the comprehensive water cut is the lowest in the block, which is the best pattern of well pattern. When the gas injection velocity of single well is 30000m3/d, the oil saturation can be significantly reduced, the reservoir pressure can be effectively maintained, the formation energy can be replenished, and the development effect is the best. In addition, the simulation results show that oxygen output has been found in 3 production wells. It is suggested that the oxygen concentration should be monitored in real time when air injection gravity stable flooding is carried out, and the corresponding safety measures should be taken when the oxygen concentration reaches the explosion threshold.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE357.7
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條
1 蘇帥杰;康萬(wàn)利;任韶然;王延永;崔國(guó)棟;張攀鋒;彭璽伊;章楊;;低溫氧化熱效應(yīng)對(duì)空氣泡沫流度控制能力的影響研究[A];第十三屆全國(guó)流變學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文集[C];2016年
，本文編號(hào)：2340113
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