【摘要】：在氣田開(kāi)發(fā)中集氣站具有重要地位，，現(xiàn)今的集氣站普遍存在模塊多、占地面積大、建設(shè)周期長(zhǎng)、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工量大、運(yùn)行費(fèi)用高、數(shù)據(jù)管理混亂、系統(tǒng)間的信息交互和管理效率較低、智能化程度較低而難以實(shí)現(xiàn)完全的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)無(wú)人值守等問(wèn)題。針對(duì)現(xiàn)今集氣站的普遍問(wèn)題并結(jié)合集氣站的特殊環(huán)境和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備的復(fù)雜多樣性等特點(diǎn)，以集氣站的生產(chǎn)需要為基礎(chǔ)，本課題提出了對(duì)集氣站進(jìn)行撬裝化的設(shè)計(jì)方案，并開(kāi)發(fā)了以西門子PLC（S7-300）為控制器的集氣站撬控制系統(tǒng)，同時(shí)對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)站控系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)做了較深入研究，對(duì)站控系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)采集和智能監(jiān)控部分進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)和優(yōu)化。 本文首先分析了現(xiàn)今天然氣開(kāi)發(fā)中集氣站工藝流程和自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀，結(jié)合集氣站的生產(chǎn)工藝特點(diǎn)和控制系統(tǒng)的功能需求對(duì)集氣站進(jìn)行了撬裝化設(shè)計(jì)，并提出了基于PLC的智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)及其軟硬件集成方案。 其次，本文對(duì)數(shù)字化集氣站撬設(shè)計(jì)中的壓縮機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了安全性和有效性改進(jìn)；對(duì)分離器進(jìn)行了選型，并在工藝中設(shè)計(jì)了氣動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)閥，使分離器排液安全方便，實(shí)現(xiàn)了遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控自動(dòng)排液功能；對(duì)脫硫工藝進(jìn)行了工藝改進(jìn)和控制功能優(yōu)化，提高了脫硫效率和生產(chǎn)安全性；同時(shí)提出了全新的、高精度的基于PLC的天然氣流量統(tǒng)計(jì)方法和相應(yīng)的PLC流量計(jì)量程序及組態(tài)監(jiān)控畫(huà)面；并針對(duì)天然氣氣田分散、綜合管理困難、生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)繁多的特點(diǎn)提出了以O(shè)PC技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的不同系統(tǒng)間的數(shù)據(jù)集成方案，使集氣站的生產(chǎn)管理和數(shù)據(jù)交互水平大大提高。 最后，在深入研究了集氣站撬控制系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上開(kāi)發(fā)了PLC控制系統(tǒng)和組態(tài)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)集氣站生產(chǎn)的遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控和管理功能，并分析了系統(tǒng)的安全可靠性，對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了軟硬件調(diào)試和仿真。結(jié)果表明此天然氣站控系統(tǒng)達(dá)到了預(yù)期目標(biāo)，有效的規(guī)范了集氣站生產(chǎn)，節(jié)約了管理成本，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)集氣站生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行情況和管理的集中監(jiān)控，達(dá)到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)無(wú)人值守的智能化程度。
[Abstract]:Gas collecting stations play an important role in gas field development. Nowadays, gas gathering stations have many modules, large area, long construction period, large amount of construction, high operating cost and chaotic data management. The information exchange and management efficiency among the systems are low, the degree of intelligence is low, and it is difficult to realize the complete unattended field. Aiming at the general problems of gas collecting stations and combining the special environment of gas gathering stations and the complex diversity of field equipments, and based on the production needs of gas gathering stations, this paper puts forward a design scheme of priming gas collection stations. The prizing control system of gas collecting station based on Siemens PLC (S7-300) is developed. The key technology to realize the station control system is deeply studied, and the data acquisition and intelligent monitoring part of the station control system is improved and optimized. In this paper, the process flow and automatic control technology of gas collecting station in natural gas development are analyzed firstly. Combined with the characteristics of production technology and the function requirement of control system, the priming design of gas gathering station is carried out. An intelligent monitoring system based on PLC and its hardware and software integration scheme are proposed. Secondly, this paper improves the safety and effectiveness of compressor control system in the design of digital gas collecting station. The type selection of separator is carried out, and the pneumatic regulating valve is designed in the process, which makes the separator safe and convenient, and realizes the function of remote monitoring and automatic drainage. The desulphurization process was improved and the control function was optimized to improve the desulfurization efficiency and production safety. At the same time, a new and high precision natural gas flow statistic method based on PLC, the corresponding PLC flow metering program and configuration monitoring picture are proposed. Aiming at the characteristics of dispersed gas field, difficult comprehensive management and various production data, a scheme of data integration between different systems based on OPC technology is put forward, which greatly improves the production management and data interaction level of gas gathering station. Finally, the PLC control system and the configuration monitoring system are developed on the basis of deeply studying the key technologies of the gas gathering station pry control system. The remote monitoring and management functions of the gas gathering station production are realized, and the safety and reliability of the system are analyzed. The software and hardware of the system are debugged and simulated. The results show that the natural gas station control system achieves the expected goal, effectively standardizes the production of the gas gathering station, saves the management cost, and realizes the centralized monitoring and control of the production and management of the gas gathering station. The intelligent degree of unattended on the spot has been achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE978;TP273

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