【摘要】：LWD地質(zhì)導(dǎo)向鉆井就是根據(jù)隨鉆測量儀器提供的井下實時地質(zhì)信息和定向數(shù)據(jù),辨明所鉆遇的地質(zhì)環(huán)境并預(yù)報將要鉆遇的地下情況,引導(dǎo)鉆頭進(jìn)入油層并保證井眼軌跡在產(chǎn)層中延伸。該技術(shù)把鉆井技術(shù)、測井技術(shù)和油藏工程技術(shù)融合為一體,大大提高了對所鉆地層地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、儲層特性的判斷精度以及鉆頭在儲層內(nèi)鉆進(jìn)時井眼軌跡的控制能力,對于提高油層鉆遇率、油氣采收率具有重要作用,在增儲上產(chǎn)、節(jié)約鉆井成本方面經(jīng)濟(jì)效益巨大。本文首先利用縱橫彎曲法對下部鉆具組合進(jìn)行力學(xué)計算,并結(jié)合實鉆資料統(tǒng)計分析遼河油田常用鉆具組合造斜率影響規(guī)律;然后采用多元回歸方法建立常用鉆具組合造斜率預(yù)測模型,以提高鉆具組合造斜率預(yù)測精確;在此基礎(chǔ)上,建立基于地質(zhì)導(dǎo)向鉆井井眼軌跡預(yù)測模型,給出了針對不同鉆進(jìn)方式選擇合適的預(yù)測模型,并開發(fā)井眼軌跡預(yù)測與控制應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)。利用這些模型及系統(tǒng)軟件對遼河油田地區(qū)實鉆數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計算,對預(yù)測結(jié)果給予分析,通過預(yù)測結(jié)果連同井眼軌道隨鉆監(jiān)測與診斷技術(shù),指導(dǎo)地質(zhì)導(dǎo)向鉆井,實現(xiàn)井眼軌道的預(yù)測與控制。通過早些特征影響因素分析認(rèn)為,井眼擴(kuò)大率會影響B(tài)HA的造斜能力大小,地層傾角和傾向會改變BHA的增斜或降斜效果,螺桿鉆具結(jié)構(gòu)彎角大小在滑動鉆進(jìn)工況和旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆井工況時造斜效果不同;在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合實鉆資料,建立了多元線型回歸修正計算模型,提高了工具造斜率預(yù)測精度,能夠準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測遼河油田常用螺桿鉆具組合造斜率,誤差分析結(jié)果基本保持在5%以內(nèi);并根據(jù)薄油層水平井的特點,對比分析以不同井斜角探油頂?shù)闹懛桨?提出86°左右為最佳著陸井斜角;最后,將井眼軌跡預(yù)測技術(shù)應(yīng)用于遼河油田實際,在使用LWD地質(zhì)導(dǎo)向技術(shù)的沈25-6井中,通過井眼軌跡實時預(yù)測與控制、著陸方案的調(diào)整;并結(jié)合綜合錄井,及時分析對比,準(zhǔn)確探到目的層,并使軌跡始終保持在目的層中穿行。全井井眼軌跡預(yù)測與實鉆吻合度高,設(shè)計水平段長145.62m,實際水平穿行118m,油層鉆遇率100%,取得了良好的應(yīng)用效果。
[Abstract]:LWD geological guided drilling is to identify the geological environment and forecast the underground conditions which will be drilled according to the downhole real-time geological information and directional data provided by the measuring instrument while drilling. Guide the bit into the reservoir and ensure that the wellbore trajectory extends in the production zone. This technology integrates drilling technology, logging technology and reservoir engineering technology, and greatly improves the accuracy of determining the formation geological structure, reservoir characteristics and the control ability of borehole trajectory when the bit is drilling in the reservoir. Oil and gas recovery plays an important role in increasing drilling rate of reservoir and saving drilling cost. In this paper, the method of longitudinal and transverse bending is first used to calculate the lower part of the drilling tool combination, and the influence law of the common drilling tool combination slope is analyzed in Liaohe Oilfield with the statistical analysis of the real drilling data. Then the multiple regression method is used to establish the prediction model of commonly used drilling tool combination slope making rate to improve the accuracy of the drilling tool combination slope making rate prediction. On the basis of this, the prediction model of borehole trajectory based on geological guidance drilling is established, and the suitable prediction model for different drilling modes is given, and the application system of borehole trajectory prediction and control is developed. These models and system software are used to calculate the real drilling data in Liaohe Oilfield area, and the prediction results are analyzed. Through the prediction results and hole track while drilling monitoring and diagnosis technology, the geological guided drilling is guided. The prediction and control of borehole trajectory are realized. Based on the analysis of the influence factors of earlier characteristics, it is concluded that the hole expansion rate will affect the diagonal ability of BHA, and the inclination and inclination of formation will change the effect of increasing or decreasing deviation of BHA. The angle of screw drill structure is different in sliding drilling and rotary drilling. On this basis, combined with the real drilling data, a multivariate linear regression correction calculation model is established, which improves the accuracy of tool slope prediction, and can accurately predict the slope rate of screw drill tool combination in Liaohe Oilfield. The result of error analysis is kept within 5%. According to the characteristics of horizontal wells in thin reservoir, the landing scheme of oil cap with different inclined angles is compared and analyzed, and the optimum angle of landing well is proposed about 86 擄. Finally, the borehole trajectory prediction technology is applied to Liaohe Oilfield. In the Shen25-6 well using LWD geological guidance technology, through the real-time prediction and control of borehole trajectory, the landing scheme is adjusted. Combined with comprehensive logging, timely analysis and contrast, accurate detection of the target layer, and keep the track in the target layer. The prediction of borehole trajectory is in good agreement with actual drilling. The design horizontal section is 145.62mlong, the actual horizontal passage is 118m, and the drilling rate is 100. Good application results have been obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE242

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