【摘要】：半地下覆土油罐常用于儲(chǔ)存汽油、柴油等易燃易爆油品,一旦被引燃,短時(shí)間內(nèi)將產(chǎn)生極強(qiáng)的爆炸壓力波,造成儲(chǔ)罐的嚴(yán)重破壞并帶來(lái)災(zāi)難性后果,油氣爆炸沖擊荷載的研究是進(jìn)行儲(chǔ)罐安全設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)。利用等比例模擬容器,基于實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)覆土立式油罐罐內(nèi)油氣爆炸沖擊載荷特性進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,獲得了密閉條件下油罐內(nèi)不同位置處的壓力荷載的變化規(guī)律,油氣爆炸壓力荷載變化分為四個(gè)階段:點(diǎn)火孕育期、加速突變期、衰弱振蕩期、慣性波動(dòng)期;罐頂位置處的壓力荷載數(shù)值要明顯大于罐壁和罐底處的壓力荷載數(shù)值;進(jìn)一步考察了初始油氣濃度、初始點(diǎn)火能量、初始溫度等相關(guān)參數(shù)對(duì)爆炸沖擊荷載的影響規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明:爆炸超壓隨濃度的變化呈先增大后減小的規(guī)律,當(dāng)初始濃度為1.71%時(shí),爆炸超壓荷載達(dá)到最大值。爆炸超壓值與點(diǎn)火能成正比關(guān)系,與初始環(huán)境溫度成反比關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Semi-underground earth covered oil tanks are often used to store flammable and explosive oils such as gasoline and diesel oil. Once they are ignited, they will produce extremely strong explosion pressure waves in a short period of time, causing serious damage to the storage tanks and bringing about disastrous consequences. The research of oil-gas explosion impact load is the basis of tank safety design. In this paper, the shock load characteristics of oil and gas explosion in vertical oil tank with overlying soil are studied experimentally based on experiments in an equal-proportion simulated vessel. The variation law of pressure load at different positions in the tank is obtained under the condition of airtight. The change of pressure load of oil and gas explosion is divided into four stages: ignition gestation period, accelerated sudden change period, debilitating oscillation period, inertial fluctuation period; The pressure load value at the top of the tank is obviously larger than that at the tank wall and bottom, and the influence of the initial oil and gas concentration, the initial ignition energy and the initial temperature on the explosion impact load is further investigated. The results show that the explosive overpressure increases first and then decreases with the change of concentration. When the initial concentration is 1.71, the explosive overpressure load reaches the maximum value. The explosion overpressure is proportional to the ignition energy and inversely proportional to the initial ambient temperature.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)人民解放軍陸軍勤務(wù)學(xué)院油料系;浙江海洋大學(xué)石化與能源工程學(xué)院;臨港石油天然氣儲(chǔ)運(yùn)技術(shù)國(guó)家地方聯(lián)合工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室;重慶大學(xué)動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：重慶市研究生科研創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(CYB17150) 浙江省科技廳公益基金項(xiàng)目(2015C31014) 浙江海洋大學(xué)科研啟動(dòng)基金(2015) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(51704301)
【分類號(hào)】：TE88

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