【摘要】：隨著社會的發(fā)展,化石能源的消耗增多、環(huán)境污染問題日益嚴重,發(fā)展可再生能源產(chǎn)業(yè)是目前獲得新型能源的重要途徑。微藻因其具有高效的光合作用、較短的生長周期、較高的細胞油脂含量和很強的環(huán)境適應能力等優(yōu)點,是目前最具發(fā)展前景的可再生生物質(zhì)能源之一。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容與結(jié)果如下:(1)研究了蛋白核小球藻在兩種不同環(huán)境以及不同濃度葡萄糖培養(yǎng)基中的生長情況。研究結(jié)果表明在沒有添加其它營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)時模擬微重力環(huán)境下的微藻長勢更好,最大生物量可達到1.58×108~(-1)×mlcell,而普通環(huán)境下的最大生物量為0.58×108~(-1)×mlcell。兩種培養(yǎng)環(huán)境下培養(yǎng)基中葡萄糖濃度為10~(-1)×Lg時,微藻長勢最好,可獲得微藻最高生物產(chǎn)量。葡萄糖作為異養(yǎng)培養(yǎng)的碳源,對于蛋白核小球藻的當培養(yǎng)基中添加了葡萄糖后,藻細胞的生長周期明顯縮短。普通環(huán)境下藻細胞密度在培養(yǎng)3天后就達到了在純培養(yǎng)基培養(yǎng)12天的濃度,普通環(huán)境下微藻達到了最高藻細胞密度4.85×108~(-1)×mlcell。而模擬微重力環(huán)境下生長的微藻3天后就達到了普通環(huán)境下5天以后才能達到的濃度,模擬微重力環(huán)境下微藻達到了最高藻細胞密度5.42×108~(-1)×mlcell。(2)研究了蛋白核小球藻在兩種不同環(huán)境以及不同濃度尿素培養(yǎng)基中的生長情況。研究結(jié)果表明兩種培養(yǎng)環(huán)境下培養(yǎng)基中尿素濃度為0.0025~(-1)×Lmol時,微藻長勢最好,可獲得微藻最高生物產(chǎn)量。當尿素作為培養(yǎng)基中的氮源時,蛋白核小球藻在微重力環(huán)境下的生長速度較快。當培養(yǎng)基中尿素濃度為0.0025~(-1)×Lmol時,模擬微重力環(huán)境下微藻達到了最高藻細胞密度8.96×107~(-1)×mlcell。普通環(huán)境下微藻達到了最高藻細胞密度6.5×107~(-1)×mlcell。(3)研究了蛋白核小球藻在兩種生長環(huán)境下的耐苯酚能力和苯酚降解能力以及對其馴化后的耐苯酚能力和苯酚降解能力的變化。研究結(jié)果表明培養(yǎng)基中苯酚濃度1200-×(27)Lmg,可促進蛋白核小球藻生長。普通環(huán)境下,培養(yǎng)基中苯酚濃度1300-×(29)Lmg,會抑制蛋白核小球藻的生長,且最大酚致死量為600~(-1)×Lmg。馴化后的蛋白核小球藻耐苯酚能力有顯著的提高,普通環(huán)境下馴化后的蛋白核小球藻最大酚致死量可提高到800~(-1)×Lmg,模擬微重力環(huán)境下馴化后的蛋白核小球藻最大酚致死量可提高達1000~(-1)×Lmg。(4)研究了以蛋白核小球藻藻粉和甲醇為原料,在濃硫酸作催化劑的條件下原位萃取-酯交換法制備生物柴油的工藝�？疾炝瞬煌に嚄l件對產(chǎn)率的影響。其適宜的反應條件為:用水量和藻粉質(zhì)量比為1:1,反應溫度為65℃,催化劑用量為藻粉質(zhì)量的3%,甲醇用量和藻粉質(zhì)量比為8:1,酯交換反應在8 h內(nèi)完成。結(jié)果表明:以干藻粉質(zhì)量為基準微藻粗生物柴油收率可達到16.0%,由高效液相色譜分析得知微藻粗生物柴油中生物柴油含量為43.5%,以干藻粉質(zhì)量為基準微藻生物柴油總收率為6.96%。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the consumption of fossil energy increases and the problem of environmental pollution becomes more and more serious. The development of renewable energy industry is an important way to obtain new energy at present. Microalgae is one of the most promising renewable biomass energy because of its high photosynthesis, short growth cycle, high cell fat content and strong environmental adaptability. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) the growth of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella in two different environments and glucose medium with different concentrations was studied. The results show that the growth of microalgae in simulated microgravity environment is better when other nutrients are not added, and the maximum biomass can reach 1.58 脳 108 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell, and 0.58 脳 108 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. in normal environment. When glucose concentration was 10 ~ (-1) 脳 Lg in two culture environments, microalgae had the best growth, and the highest bioyield of microalgae could be obtained. Glucose is the carbon source of heterotrophic culture. When glucose is added to the culture medium of Chlorella Proteinuca, the growth cycle of algal cells is shortened obviously. The cell density of algae reached the concentration of 12 days in pure culture medium after 3 days of culture, and the highest cell density of microalgae was 4.85 脳 108 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. in normal environment. And the microalgae that grow in the simulated microgravity environment reach the same concentration after three days as in the normal environment after five days. In simulated microgravity environment, microalgae reached the highest cell density of 5.42 脳 108-1 脳 mlcell. (2). The growth of Chlorella Proteinuca in two different environments and different concentrations of urea was studied. The results showed that when urea concentration was 0.0025 ~ (-1) 脳 Lmol in two culture environments, microalgae had the best growth and the highest bioyield could be obtained. When urea was used as nitrogen source in medium, the growth rate of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was faster in microgravity environment. When the concentration of urea in medium was 0.0025 ~ (-1) 脳 Lmol, the maximum cell density of microalgae was 8.96 脳 107 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. in simulated microgravity environment. Microalgae reached the highest cell density of 6.5 脳 107 ~ (-1) 脳 mlcell. (3) in normal environment. The phenol-tolerance and phenol degradation ability of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella were studied in two growth environments, as well as the phenol tolerance after acclimation. The change of ability and degradation ability of phenol. The results showed that phenol concentration of 1200- 脳 (27) Lmg, could promote the growth of Chlorella Proteinucosa. In normal environment, the concentration of phenol 1300- 脳 (29) Lmg, inhibited the growth of Chlorella Proteus, and the maximum lethal dose of phenol was 600-1 脳 Lmg.. After acclimation, the phenol tolerance of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was significantly improved, and the maximum phenolic lethal dose of acclimated Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was increased to 800-1 脳 Lmg, under normal environment. After acclimation under simulated microgravity, the maximum phenol lethal dose of Chlorella Proteinuclear Chlorella was increased to 1000 ~ (-1) 脳 Lmg. (4) by using Chlorella Proteinuca powder and methanol as raw materials. Preparation of biodiesel by in situ extraction-transesterification with concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst. The effect of different process conditions on yield was investigated. The optimum reaction conditions are as follows: the ratio of water consumption to algae powder is 1: 1, the reaction temperature is 65 鈩，

本文編號：2310223