基于巖石物理的等效彈性模量自適應(yīng)估算方法研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-17 08:37
【摘要】：巖石物理主要研究巖石的儲層特性與地震響應(yīng)之間關(guān)系,是連接儲層參數(shù)和巖石彈性參數(shù)之間的橋梁,有助于我們推斷儲層物性在橫向或縱向的變化。巖石物理建模是用巖石物性參數(shù)來定量解釋巖石的特性,進(jìn)而預(yù)測巖石的彈性特征。本文在現(xiàn)有巖石物理模型基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建了可變干巖石骨架等效巖石物理模型,并充分考慮砂泥巖和碳酸鹽巖儲層特性,引入改進(jìn)的快速模擬退火優(yōu)化算法自適應(yīng)反演等效彈性模量,并進(jìn)一步實(shí)現(xiàn)儲層橫波預(yù)測。實(shí)驗(yàn)室數(shù)據(jù)和實(shí)際工區(qū)測井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證了模型的可靠性和適用性。干巖石骨架等效模量是進(jìn)行儲層縱橫波速度預(yù)測重要的輸入?yún)?shù)。本文在對現(xiàn)有干巖石骨架模型分析的基礎(chǔ)上,引入含有可變參數(shù)的等效模量,并代入微分等效介質(zhì)方程將解耦的微分方程組解耦為常微分方程組,再進(jìn)一步化簡推導(dǎo)了特殊形狀包含物(球狀、針狀和硬幣狀裂縫)以及任意縱橫比橢球狀包含物的可變干巖石骨架等效巖石物理模型(VDEM,Variable Dry-Rock Equivalent Model)。對可變干巖石骨架等效模型的分析和測試表明,該模型靈活可變且適用性強(qiáng),對干巖石骨架等效模量的預(yù)測精度高,并且可以結(jié)合Gassmann方程進(jìn)行飽和巖石縱橫波速度的估算。在經(jīng)典的砂泥巖Xu-White模型基礎(chǔ)上,本文進(jìn)一步考慮孔隙幾何形狀等因素對縱橫波速度的影響,基于推導(dǎo)的VDEM模型,對Xu-White模型進(jìn)行改進(jìn),并結(jié)合改進(jìn)的快速模擬退火優(yōu)化算法自適應(yīng)估算等效彈性模量,擴(kuò)展了模型的適用性且提高了橫波速度預(yù)測精確度。分別用砂泥巖實(shí)驗(yàn)室數(shù)據(jù)和測井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)對模型進(jìn)行測試,結(jié)果表明改進(jìn)的自適應(yīng)等效模量預(yù)測模型較經(jīng)典的Xu-White模型對砂泥巖儲層橫波速度預(yù)測精度更高、且模型的適用性更強(qiáng)。碳酸鹽巖儲層是重要的烴類儲層之一,但沉積環(huán)境的改變和成巖作用等對碳酸鹽巖巖石骨架及孔隙空間的改造使得碳酸鹽巖儲層速度和孔隙度關(guān)系很分散,與常規(guī)的砂泥巖儲層相比碳酸鹽巖儲層非均質(zhì)性更強(qiáng),且具有更為復(fù)雜的微觀結(jié)構(gòu),因此對碳酸鹽巖儲層的刻畫更具有挑戰(zhàn)性。在前人的研究成果,充分考慮碳酸鹽巖儲層非均質(zhì)性及各向異性,結(jié)合VDEM模型,引入改進(jìn)的快速模擬退火算法自適應(yīng)反演等效彈性模量,再進(jìn)行碳酸鹽巖儲層橫波速度估算。碳酸鹽巖實(shí)驗(yàn)室數(shù)據(jù)和測井?dāng)?shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證了模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:Rock physics mainly studies the relationship between reservoir characteristics and seismic response of rock, which is a bridge between reservoir parameters and rock elastic parameters, which helps us to infer the variation of reservoir physical properties in horizontal or vertical direction. The physical modeling of rock is to quantitatively explain the characteristics of rock and then to predict the elastic characteristics of rock by using the physical parameters of rock. In this paper, an equivalent rock physical model of variable dry rock framework is constructed on the basis of existing rock physical models, and the characteristics of sand and mudstone and carbonate reservoir are fully considered. An improved fast simulated annealing optimization algorithm is introduced for adaptive inversion of the equivalent elastic modulus and the prediction of the reservoir shear wave is further realized. The reliability and applicability of the model are verified by laboratory data and actual area logging data. The equivalent modulus of dry rock skeleton is an important input parameter for prediction of compressional and shear wave velocity. Based on the analysis of existing dry rock skeleton models, the equivalent modulus with variable parameters is introduced, and the differential equivalent medium equations are substituted to decouple the decoupled differential equations into ordinary differential equations. Further simplification, equivalent rock physical model of variable dry rock skeleton (VDEM,Variable Dry-Rock Equivalent Model).) with special shape inclusions (spherical, needle-shaped and coin-shaped cracks) and ellipsoidal inclusions with arbitrary aspect ratio (VDEM,Variable Dry-Rock Equivalent Model).) is derived. The analysis and test of the variable dry rock skeleton equivalent model show that the model is flexible and adaptable, and the prediction accuracy of the equivalent modulus of the dry rock skeleton is high, and it can be combined with Gassmann equation to estimate the compressional and shear wave velocity of saturated rock. Based on the classical Xu-White model of sand and mudstone, this paper further considers the influence of pore geometry and other factors on the velocity of compressional and shear waves. Based on the derived VDEM model, the Xu-White model is improved. The adaptive estimation of the equivalent elastic modulus is combined with the improved fast simulated annealing optimization algorithm, which extends the applicability of the model and improves the prediction accuracy of the shear wave velocity. The model is tested by laboratory data and logging data. The results show that the improved adaptive equivalent modulus prediction model is more accurate than the classical Xu-White model in predicting shear wave velocity of sand and mudstone reservoir, and its applicability is stronger. Carbonate reservoir is one of the important hydrocarbon reservoirs, but the relationship between velocity and porosity of carbonate reservoir is dispersed due to the alteration of sedimentary environment and diagenesis on the framework and pore space of carbonate rock. Compared with conventional sandstone reservoir, carbonate reservoir has stronger heterogeneity and more complex microstructure, so it is more challenging to describe carbonate reservoir. Considering the heterogeneity and anisotropy of carbonate reservoir and combining with VDEM model, an improved fast simulated annealing algorithm is introduced to adaptively inverse the equivalent elastic modulus, and then the shear wave velocity of carbonate reservoir is estimated. The validity of the model is verified by carbonate rock laboratory data and logging data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13
本文編號：2245317
[Abstract]:Rock physics mainly studies the relationship between reservoir characteristics and seismic response of rock, which is a bridge between reservoir parameters and rock elastic parameters, which helps us to infer the variation of reservoir physical properties in horizontal or vertical direction. The physical modeling of rock is to quantitatively explain the characteristics of rock and then to predict the elastic characteristics of rock by using the physical parameters of rock. In this paper, an equivalent rock physical model of variable dry rock framework is constructed on the basis of existing rock physical models, and the characteristics of sand and mudstone and carbonate reservoir are fully considered. An improved fast simulated annealing optimization algorithm is introduced for adaptive inversion of the equivalent elastic modulus and the prediction of the reservoir shear wave is further realized. The reliability and applicability of the model are verified by laboratory data and actual area logging data. The equivalent modulus of dry rock skeleton is an important input parameter for prediction of compressional and shear wave velocity. Based on the analysis of existing dry rock skeleton models, the equivalent modulus with variable parameters is introduced, and the differential equivalent medium equations are substituted to decouple the decoupled differential equations into ordinary differential equations. Further simplification, equivalent rock physical model of variable dry rock skeleton (VDEM,Variable Dry-Rock Equivalent Model).) with special shape inclusions (spherical, needle-shaped and coin-shaped cracks) and ellipsoidal inclusions with arbitrary aspect ratio (VDEM,Variable Dry-Rock Equivalent Model).) is derived. The analysis and test of the variable dry rock skeleton equivalent model show that the model is flexible and adaptable, and the prediction accuracy of the equivalent modulus of the dry rock skeleton is high, and it can be combined with Gassmann equation to estimate the compressional and shear wave velocity of saturated rock. Based on the classical Xu-White model of sand and mudstone, this paper further considers the influence of pore geometry and other factors on the velocity of compressional and shear waves. Based on the derived VDEM model, the Xu-White model is improved. The adaptive estimation of the equivalent elastic modulus is combined with the improved fast simulated annealing optimization algorithm, which extends the applicability of the model and improves the prediction accuracy of the shear wave velocity. The model is tested by laboratory data and logging data. The results show that the improved adaptive equivalent modulus prediction model is more accurate than the classical Xu-White model in predicting shear wave velocity of sand and mudstone reservoir, and its applicability is stronger. Carbonate reservoir is one of the important hydrocarbon reservoirs, but the relationship between velocity and porosity of carbonate reservoir is dispersed due to the alteration of sedimentary environment and diagenesis on the framework and pore space of carbonate rock. Compared with conventional sandstone reservoir, carbonate reservoir has stronger heterogeneity and more complex microstructure, so it is more challenging to describe carbonate reservoir. Considering the heterogeneity and anisotropy of carbonate reservoir and combining with VDEM model, an improved fast simulated annealing algorithm is introduced to adaptively inverse the equivalent elastic modulus, and then the shear wave velocity of carbonate reservoir is estimated. The validity of the model is verified by carbonate rock laboratory data and logging data.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13
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