【摘要】：深水防噴器在海洋石油勘探開發(fā)過程中起著重要的作用,它為海洋鉆井過程中提供安全可靠屏障,一旦防噴器失效將會(huì)導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性的后果。目前僅有國外三大防噴器生產(chǎn)商Cameron、GE Hydril、NOV Shaffer掌握深水防噴器的生產(chǎn)技術(shù),隨著嵌入式系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展,國外率先將嵌入式控制器引入到深水防噴器電控系統(tǒng)中,實(shí)現(xiàn)深水防噴器電控系統(tǒng)的小型化、集成化,因此開展基于FPGA的深水防噴器電控系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)極其重要的課題。本文圍繞深水防噴器電控系統(tǒng)展開了深入的研究工作。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有深水防噴器電控系統(tǒng)工作特點(diǎn)和可靠性要求,提出基于FPGA的三冗余深水防噴電控系統(tǒng)整體架構(gòu),整個(gè)系統(tǒng)分為三個(gè)層次:上位機(jī)監(jiān)控層、中央控制層、水下控制層,在控制系統(tǒng)中引入CAN總線和以太網(wǎng)通信技術(shù)作為橋梁完成系統(tǒng)開發(fā)。研究設(shè)計(jì)了電控系統(tǒng)的硬件電路。主要完成了主節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)和片外硬件電路設(shè)計(jì);以O(shè)PENCORES提供的CAN核和CAN總線控制器SJA1000為基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)了基于Avalon總線的CAN總線軟核控制器及CAN總線收發(fā)控制電路;研究設(shè)計(jì)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)模塊硬件電路和基于Avalon總線的網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口模塊,以及包括AD采集模塊、顯示模塊、輸入輸出模塊和CAN總線模塊等的從節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件電路;開發(fā)了基于Nios Ⅱ的SOPC硬件電路,完成整體硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)。研究開發(fā)了深水防噴器電控系統(tǒng)軟件。完成了實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)mC/OS-Ⅱ的在Nios Ⅱ中的移植;開發(fā)了CAN總線和DM9000A驅(qū)動(dòng)程序并完成了HAL系統(tǒng)庫集成;編制了基于NicheStack網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議棧的系統(tǒng)TCP通信程序;完成了系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用程序的開發(fā),從系統(tǒng)任務(wù)層的劃分到CAN總線應(yīng)用層協(xié)議詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì),三冗余表決算法研究和控制系統(tǒng)邏輯開發(fā);基于Labview完成了深水防噴器電控系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的開發(fā),最后以防噴器樣機(jī)為測(cè)試平臺(tái)對(duì)電控系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)測(cè)試,達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果。
[Abstract]:Deep-water blowout preventer plays an important role in the process of offshore oil exploration and development. It provides a safe and reliable barrier for offshore drilling. Once the blowout preventer fails, it will lead to disastrous consequences. At present, only three foreign manufacturers of BOP, Cameron,GE Hydril,NOV Shaffer, master the production technology of Deepwater BOP. With the development of embedded system, foreign countries take the lead in introducing the embedded controller into the Deepwater BOP electronic control system. The electronic control system of deep water BOP is miniaturized and integrated, so it is an extremely important subject to carry out the electronic control system of Deepwater BOP based on FPGA. This paper focuses on the deep-water BOP electronic control system. According to the working characteristics and reliability requirements of the existing deep-water BOP electronic control system, this paper puts forward the whole architecture of the three-redundancy deep-water BOP electronic control system based on FPGA. The whole system is divided into three levels: the upper computer monitoring layer, the central control layer, and the underwater control layer. CAN bus and Ethernet communication technology are introduced into the control system as the bridge to complete the system development. The hardware circuit of the electronic control system is studied and designed. Based on the CAN core provided by OPENCORES and CAN bus controller SJA1000, the CAN bus soft core controller and CAN bus transceiver control circuit based on Avalon bus are designed. The hardware circuit of the network module and the network interface module based on Avalon bus are studied and designed, and the slave node hardware circuit including AD acquisition module, display module, input and output module and CAN bus module is also designed. The SOPC hardware circuit based on Nios 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2243773