【摘要】：目前,含蠟原油在我國開采的原油總量中占有很大的比重,在油品輸送過程中,沿管線方向,溫度逐漸降低,會產(chǎn)生一定的蠟沉積,結蠟層減小了管道運輸流通面積,導致輸量減小,流動阻力增大,并最終影響管道的正常運行。隨著油田開采的逐漸深入,油田產(chǎn)量逐漸下降,集油管道的輸量要做出相應調(diào)整。為保證管道安全、經(jīng)濟的運行,有必要探究管道結蠟規(guī)律。本文基于理論分析、實驗研究及計算機編程方法對輸油管道蠟沉積規(guī)律及管道經(jīng)濟運行進行了研究。首先通過室內(nèi)實驗確定油樣的基本物性,在蠟沉積實驗數(shù)據(jù)的基礎上分析蠟沉積速率的影響因素。此外,運用回歸分析法及灰色預測理論分別建立蠟沉積模型,進行分析對比,優(yōu)選預測模型,以提高預測的準確性。并通過蠟沉積模型預測實際運行管道的不同運行條件下的結蠟情況,結合灰色預測模型,分析油溫、輸量對管線結蠟規(guī)律的影響。對實際管道進行蠟沉積預測可求得結蠟嚴重區(qū)域。最后,結合蠟沉積預測模型,分析不同輸送介質(zhì)下的蠟沉積厚度計算方法,考慮流型的轉變,給出熱油管道運行過程中的熱力、水力計算方法。建立以輸油成本為目標函數(shù)、以結蠟層厚度為決策變量的數(shù)學模型。應用VB語言編程并計算含蠟原油管道的運行成本,確定經(jīng)濟清管周期,分析結蠟層在管道運行過程對能耗的影響,為管道節(jié)能降耗和安全運行提供理論基礎。
[Abstract]:At present, waxy crude oil accounts for a large proportion of the total crude oil produced in China. In the course of oil product transportation, along the pipeline direction, the temperature will gradually decrease, which will produce a certain amount of wax deposition, and the wax deposit layer will reduce the pipeline transportation circulation area. As a result, the flow resistance is increased and the normal operation of the pipeline is affected. With the deepening of oilfield production, the oil production is gradually decreasing, and the oil gathering pipeline should be adjusted accordingly. In order to ensure the safe and economical operation of pipeline, it is necessary to explore the law of pipeline wax deposit. Based on theoretical analysis, experimental research and computer programming, the wax deposition law and economic operation of oil pipeline are studied in this paper. Firstly, the basic physical properties of oil samples were determined through laboratory experiments, and the influencing factors of wax deposition rate were analyzed on the basis of wax deposition experimental data. In addition, the model of wax deposit was established by regression analysis and grey prediction theory, and the prediction model was optimized to improve the accuracy of prediction. The wax deposition model is used to predict the wax deposit in different operating conditions of the pipeline and the influence of oil temperature and transportation volume on the wax deposit law of pipeline is analyzed by combining the grey prediction model. The serious area of wax deposit can be obtained by prediction of wax deposition in actual pipeline. Finally, based on the prediction model of wax deposition, the calculation method of wax deposition thickness in different transport media is analyzed, and the thermal and hydraulic calculation methods during the operation of hot oil pipeline are given, considering the change of flow pattern. A mathematical model with the cost of oil transportation as the objective function and the thickness of the wax deposit as the decision variable is established. The operation cost of waxy crude oil pipeline is programmed and calculated by VB language, the economical cleaning period is determined, and the influence of waxing layer on energy consumption during pipeline operation is analyzed, which provides a theoretical basis for energy saving and safe operation of pipeline.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE832

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：2231544