【摘要】：目前,含蠟原油在我國(guó)開(kāi)采的原油總量中占有很大的比重,在油品輸送過(guò)程中,沿管線(xiàn)方向,溫度逐漸降低,會(huì)產(chǎn)生一定的蠟沉積,結(jié)蠟層減小了管道運(yùn)輸流通面積,導(dǎo)致輸量減小,流動(dòng)阻力增大,并最終影響管道的正常運(yùn)行。隨著油田開(kāi)采的逐漸深入,油田產(chǎn)量逐漸下降,集油管道的輸量要做出相應(yīng)調(diào)整。為保證管道安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)的運(yùn)行,有必要探究管道結(jié)蠟規(guī)律。本文基于理論分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)研究及計(jì)算機(jī)編程方法對(duì)輸油管道蠟沉積規(guī)律及管道經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行進(jìn)行了研究。首先通過(guò)室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)確定油樣的基本物性,在蠟沉積實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上分析蠟沉積速率的影響因素。此外,運(yùn)用回歸分析法及灰色預(yù)測(cè)理論分別建立蠟沉積模型,進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比,優(yōu)選預(yù)測(cè)模型,以提高預(yù)測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確性。并通過(guò)蠟沉積模型預(yù)測(cè)實(shí)際運(yùn)行管道的不同運(yùn)行條件下的結(jié)蠟情況,結(jié)合灰色預(yù)測(cè)模型,分析油溫、輸量對(duì)管線(xiàn)結(jié)蠟規(guī)律的影響。對(duì)實(shí)際管道進(jìn)行蠟沉積預(yù)測(cè)可求得結(jié)蠟嚴(yán)重區(qū)域。最后,結(jié)合蠟沉積預(yù)測(cè)模型,分析不同輸送介質(zhì)下的蠟沉積厚度計(jì)算方法,考慮流型的轉(zhuǎn)變,給出熱油管道運(yùn)行過(guò)程中的熱力、水力計(jì)算方法。建立以輸油成本為目標(biāo)函數(shù)、以結(jié)蠟層厚度為決策變量的數(shù)學(xué)模型。應(yīng)用VB語(yǔ)言編程并計(jì)算含蠟原油管道的運(yùn)行成本,確定經(jīng)濟(jì)清管周期,分析結(jié)蠟層在管道運(yùn)行過(guò)程對(duì)能耗的影響,為管道節(jié)能降耗和安全運(yùn)行提供理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:At present, waxy crude oil accounts for a large proportion of the total crude oil produced in China. In the course of oil product transportation, along the pipeline direction, the temperature will gradually decrease, which will produce a certain amount of wax deposition, and the wax deposit layer will reduce the pipeline transportation circulation area. As a result, the flow resistance is increased and the normal operation of the pipeline is affected. With the deepening of oilfield production, the oil production is gradually decreasing, and the oil gathering pipeline should be adjusted accordingly. In order to ensure the safe and economical operation of pipeline, it is necessary to explore the law of pipeline wax deposit. Based on theoretical analysis, experimental research and computer programming, the wax deposition law and economic operation of oil pipeline are studied in this paper. Firstly, the basic physical properties of oil samples were determined through laboratory experiments, and the influencing factors of wax deposition rate were analyzed on the basis of wax deposition experimental data. In addition, the model of wax deposit was established by regression analysis and grey prediction theory, and the prediction model was optimized to improve the accuracy of prediction. The wax deposition model is used to predict the wax deposit in different operating conditions of the pipeline and the influence of oil temperature and transportation volume on the wax deposit law of pipeline is analyzed by combining the grey prediction model. The serious area of wax deposit can be obtained by prediction of wax deposition in actual pipeline. Finally, based on the prediction model of wax deposition, the calculation method of wax deposition thickness in different transport media is analyzed, and the thermal and hydraulic calculation methods during the operation of hot oil pipeline are given, considering the change of flow pattern. A mathematical model with the cost of oil transportation as the objective function and the thickness of the wax deposit as the decision variable is established. The operation cost of waxy crude oil pipeline is programmed and calculated by VB language, the economical cleaning period is determined, and the influence of waxing layer on energy consumption during pipeline operation is analyzed, which provides a theoretical basis for energy saving and safe operation of pipeline.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE832

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王志華;;高凝原油管道輸送蠟沉積規(guī)律實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];特種油氣藏;2006年05期

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本文編號(hào)：2231544