【摘要】：隨著石油工業(yè)的發(fā)展,輕質(zhì)原油所占比重逐漸下降,重質(zhì)原油比重上升,這一變化帶來了油田現(xiàn)場需要針對重質(zhì)原油的開采進(jìn)行新技術(shù)的開發(fā)。重質(zhì)原油常被稱為稠油。針對稠油特有的在高溫下粘度大幅下降并利于原油的開采的性質(zhì),油田現(xiàn)場主要采用熱采方式進(jìn)行稠油開采。稠油熱采中,常用的開采方式是蒸汽吞吐技術(shù),然而現(xiàn)在針對稠油開采的專用工具的研究相對較少。蒸汽吞吐技術(shù)需要將高溫氣體的熱能盡可能高效的傳遞給稠油,在傳遞過程中需要進(jìn)行油層的封隔,石油開采過程中常采用封隔器進(jìn)行環(huán)空封隔作用。稠油熱采工藝中,熱采封隔器也是常用工具之一,其在稠油熱采中作用主要是將熱蒸汽封隔在油層中,利于蒸汽與油層之間的熱交換,實(shí)現(xiàn)稠油降粘作用。國內(nèi)外針對此種工況下熱采封隔器的研究相對較少。本文在上述背景下,針對現(xiàn)有稠油熱采工藝的流程及特有工況進(jìn)行一種新型的稠油熱采用雙管封隔器關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究。主要研究內(nèi)容如下：(1)研究現(xiàn)有熱采封隔器與常規(guī)封隔器結(jié)構(gòu)上的差異及比較其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),對比分析不同雙管封隔器的結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)合稠油熱采工藝流程,選用適合稠油熱采雙管封隔器的結(jié)構(gòu)；(2)針對稠油熱采工況及雙管封隔器結(jié)構(gòu)的力學(xué)分析,選取雙管封隔器中膠筒進(jìn)行力學(xué)分析,按照有限元建模要求并針對膠筒的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有限元建模；(3)利用有限元法分析常溫下封隔器坐封過程,得到封隔器膠筒總成的變形量、膠筒內(nèi)部的等效應(yīng)力及膠筒與套管的接觸應(yīng)力,基于分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行封隔器膠筒性能判定,結(jié)合材料力學(xué)特性及相關(guān)理論,提出封隔器可行性判定條件,為后續(xù)關(guān)于高溫下封隔器膠筒總成的分析提供對比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；(4)膠筒所用橡膠材料在不同溫度下的物理特性,結(jié)合熱固耦合用的數(shù)學(xué)模型,模擬膠筒總成在稠油熱采工藝實(shí)際工況(高溫300℃)下的總體變形、內(nèi)部等效應(yīng)力以及膠筒與套管之間的接觸應(yīng)力�；诟邷叵履M出的結(jié)果與常溫下模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,得出高溫工況下膠筒壓縮量變大,內(nèi)部等效應(yīng)力以及與套管接觸應(yīng)力均有所下降。(5)通過不同溫度下有限元分析的對比得出,高溫下膠筒變形量變大,利于膠筒的變形、膠筒內(nèi)部等效應(yīng)力變小,出現(xiàn)破壞的可能性降低、接觸應(yīng)力變小后對膠筒的密封性能相對降低但也可以完成封隔作用。
[Abstract]:With the development of petroleum industry, the proportion of light crude oil decreases gradually, and the proportion of heavy crude oil increases. Heavy crude oil is often called heavy oil. In view of the characteristic of heavy oil, the viscosity of heavy oil decreases greatly at high temperature and is favorable to crude oil recovery, thermal recovery is mainly used in the field to produce heavy oil. Steam huff and puff technology is commonly used in heavy oil thermal recovery, but there are few researches on special tools for heavy oil recovery. Steam huff and puff technology needs to transfer the heat energy of high temperature gas to heavy oil as efficiently as possible. Thermal recovery Packer is also one of the commonly used tools in heavy oil thermal recovery process. Its main role in heavy oil thermal recovery is to seal the hot steam in the reservoir, which is conducive to the heat exchange between the steam and the reservoir, and to realize the viscous reduction of heavy oil. At home and abroad, there is relatively little research on thermal Packer under this condition. Under the above background, a new type of heavy oil heat using double pipe Packer key technology is studied according to the existing heavy oil thermal recovery process and its specific working conditions. The main research contents are as follows: (1) the differences between the existing thermal recovery Packer and the conventional Packer are studied and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. The structure of different double-pipe Packer is compared and analyzed, combined with the heavy oil thermal recovery process. Choose the structure of double pipe Packer suitable for heavy oil thermal recovery. (2) according to the mechanical analysis of heavy oil thermal recovery condition and double pipe Packer structure, select the rubber cylinder in double-tube Packer for mechanical analysis. According to the requirements of finite element modeling and finite element modeling for the structure of plastic cylinder; (3) using the finite element method to analyze the Packer sealing process at room temperature to obtain the deformation of the Packer rubber tube assembly. The equivalent stress inside the rubber cylinder and the contact stress between the rubber cylinder and the casing are used to judge the performance of the Packer rubber tube based on the analysis results. Combining with the mechanical properties of materials and related theories, the feasibility judgment conditions of the Packer are put forward. It provides a comparative standard for the subsequent analysis of the Packer rubber assembly at high temperature. (4) the physical properties of rubber materials used in rubber cylinders at different temperatures, combined with the mathematical model of thermal-solid coupling, The total deformation, the internal equivalent stress and the contact stress between the cylinder and the casing are simulated under the actual condition of heavy oil thermal recovery (high temperature 300 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2216949