【摘要】：頁巖氣在雙重介質(zhì)中的流動是一個復(fù)雜的多尺度流動過程,運移產(chǎn)出機理特殊,對滲流過程的數(shù)學(xué)表征也更為復(fù)雜。目前國內(nèi)外所建立的滲流模型對頁巖氣的滲流過程表征不夠完善和準(zhǔn)確,大多數(shù)兩相流模型都沒同時考慮氣體滑脫效應(yīng)和頁巖氣吸附對流體滲流規(guī)律的影響,這在很大程度上都降低了模型在描述流體滲流過程上的準(zhǔn)確性。大量實驗和理論研究也證實了,氣體滑脫效應(yīng)和頁巖氣吸附對儲層中流體的運移過程有著重要影響。因此,建立考慮解吸、擴散、滲流和滑脫效應(yīng)全過程的頁巖氣藏單井滲流數(shù)值模型,對指導(dǎo)單井產(chǎn)能影響因素分析和氣藏數(shù)值模擬研究具有重要意義。 本文通過大量文獻(xiàn)調(diào)研,認(rèn)識分析了頁巖氣的儲層特征、賦存方式和運移產(chǎn)出機理,建立了頁巖儲層三維氣—水兩相滲流數(shù)學(xué)模型,并利用數(shù)值模擬方法求解建立了水平井開采頁巖氣的數(shù)值模型；利用商業(yè)數(shù)值模擬軟件Eclipse2011對頁巖氣井的生產(chǎn)動態(tài)進(jìn)行了模擬和分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了滑脫效應(yīng)和吸附氣對頁巖氣藏水平井產(chǎn)量的影響,并對影響頁巖氣井產(chǎn)量的參數(shù)進(jìn)行了敏感性分析。 通過以上研究工作,本文主要取得了如下幾點研究成果： (1)通過對頁巖氣的儲層特征、賦存方式和運移產(chǎn)出機理等方面的認(rèn)識,基于數(shù)值模擬和多相流體滲流理論,建立了考慮解吸、擴散、滲流和氣體滑脫效應(yīng)的雙重介質(zhì)頁巖儲層三維氣—水兩相滲流數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用數(shù)值模擬方法得到了水平井開采頁巖氣的數(shù)值模型,并對數(shù)值模型進(jìn)行了迭代編程求解； (2)在對數(shù)值模型進(jìn)行編程求解的基礎(chǔ)上,研究了滑脫效應(yīng)對滲透率的影響,滲流過程中滑脫效應(yīng)的強弱很大程度上取決于儲層孔隙壓力的大小,儲層孔隙壓力越小,滑脫效應(yīng)越明顯,頁巖儲層裂縫孔隙中存在明顯的滑脫效應(yīng)；并對天然裂縫滲透率、Langmui3壓力常數(shù)Langmuir體積常數(shù)和水平井水平段長度等參數(shù)進(jìn)行了敏感性分析； (3)利用商業(yè)數(shù)值模擬軟件Eclipse2011建立了考慮滑脫效應(yīng)和氣體吸附—解吸的頁巖氣分段壓裂水平井模型,并對氣井的生產(chǎn)動態(tài)進(jìn)行了模擬和分析；滑脫效應(yīng)有利于頁巖氣水平井中后期產(chǎn)量的提高,頁巖氣井的產(chǎn)量是游離氣運移和吸附氣解吸共同作用的結(jié)果,在頁巖氣的開發(fā)生產(chǎn)過程中不能忽略滑脫效應(yīng)和吸附氣的影響； (4)在商業(yè)數(shù)值模擬軟件Eclipse2011所建模型的基礎(chǔ)上,對影響頁巖氣井產(chǎn)量的多種參數(shù)進(jìn)行了敏感性分析；頁巖儲層的巖石壓縮系數(shù)的變化對氣井產(chǎn)氣量的敏感性很弱；基質(zhì)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)氣體的擴散、等溫吸附規(guī)律和吸附氣含量對氣井中后期的產(chǎn)量影響較大；天然裂縫滲透率、壓裂裂縫導(dǎo)流能力、裂縫間距和裂縫半長的變化對頁巖氣藏水平井的產(chǎn)氣量影響很大,敏感性很強。
[Abstract]:The flow of shale gas in dual media is a complex multi-scale flow process with special mechanism of migration and production and more complicated mathematical characterization of the seepage process. The influence of shale gas adsorption on fluid percolation law greatly reduces the accuracy of the model in describing fluid percolation process. A large number of experimental and theoretical studies have also confirmed that gas slippage effect and shale gas adsorption have important influence on fluid migration process in reservoir. The numerical model of single well seepage in shale gas reservoir with the whole process of flow and slippage effect is of great significance to the analysis of influencing factors of single well productivity and numerical simulation of gas reservoir.
In this paper, the reservoir characteristics, occurrence mode, migration and production mechanism of shale gas are analyzed through a large number of literature research. A three-dimensional gas-water two-phase seepage mathematical model of shale gas reservoir is established, and a numerical model for horizontal well production of shale gas is established by numerical simulation method. The production performance of rock gas wells is simulated and analyzed. On this basis, the effects of slippage effect and adsorbed gas on horizontal well production in shale gas reservoirs are studied, and the sensitivity of parameters affecting production of shale gas wells is analyzed.
Through the above research work, the following research results are obtained.
(1) Based on numerical simulation and multiphase fluid percolation theory, a three-dimensional gas-water two-phase percolation mathematical model for shale gas reservoirs with dual media including desorption, diffusion, percolation and gas slippage effects is established by understanding the reservoir characteristics, occurrence mode, migration and production mechanism of shale gas. The level is obtained by numerical simulation method. The numerical model of shale gas is developed and the numerical model is solved by iterative programming.
(2) Based on the numerical model, the influence of slippage effect on permeability is studied. The strength of slippage effect in the process of seepage depends largely on the pore pressure of reservoir. The smaller the pore pressure of reservoir, the more obvious the slippage effect, and the obvious slippage effect exists in the fracture and pore of shale reservoir. Sensitivity analysis of fracture permeability, Langmui 3 pressure constant Langmuir volume constant and horizontal section length of horizontal wells was carried out.
(3) Using commercial numerical simulation software Eclipse 2011, a shale gas fracturing horizontal well model with slippage effect and gas adsorption-desorption is established, and the production performance of the gas well is simulated and analyzed; slippage effect is conducive to the increase of production of shale gas horizontal wells in the middle and late stages, and the production of shale gas wells is free gas migration and absorption. As a result of the combined action of adsorbed gas and desorption, the slippage effect and the influence of adsorbed gas can not be neglected in the development and production of shale gas.
(4) Based on the model established by commercial numerical simulation software Eclipse 2011, the sensitivity of various parameters affecting the production of shale gas wells is analyzed; the change of rock compressibility coefficient of shale reservoir is very weak in sensitivity to gas production of gas wells; the diffusion of gas in matrix system, isothermal adsorption law and the content of adsorbed gas in gas wells are later. Natural fracture permeability, fracture conductivity, fracture spacing and fracture half-length have a great influence on gas production of horizontal wells in shale gas reservoirs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE328

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