面向疊前儲層預測的保幅處理影響因素研究
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of exploration and development, shallow, middle and deep layers have become important exploration targets, and lithologic reservoirs have become important exploration objects. Geophysical prospecting technology plays a key role in supporting, and with the development of geological research gradually to prestack field. Prestack study has become the normal state in the study of complex reservoirs in middle and deep layers, physical properties of shallow reservoirs and fluid properties. The development of prestack reservoir prediction technology needs amplitude preserving seismic data. However, there is no final conclusion on the criterion of "amplitude preservation" for seismic data at present. On the basis of summing up the influencing factors of seismic wave amplitude, this paper discusses the relationship between "true amplitude" and "relative amplitude preservation", expounds the definition of amplitude preserving processing, and discusses the criteria and qualitative evaluation methods for amplitude preservation evaluation. This paper introduces a method to quantitatively evaluate the amplitude preserving degree by using the correlation coefficient of the amplitude curve of the marker layer reflection wave before and after treatment and the correlation coefficient of the amplitude ratio curve. In view of the whole processing flow of amplitude preserving, the amplitude preservation and its influencing factors of each processing link are analyzed theoretically. Then the amplitude preservation of each module and its influencing factors are analyzed and evaluated by using the forward model data of three dimensional wave equation. In the amplitude-preserving processing process, the purpose of amplitude compensation processing is to make the reflected wave amplitude better correspond to the reflection coefficient of underground strata, and its amplitude preservation is relatively good. However, there are many factors affecting the pre-stack denoising process, and its amplitude preservation depends on whether the selection of denoising method and the selection of denoising parameters are reasonable. For predictive deconvolution, the main influencing factors are prediction step size, too small step size and poor amplitude preservation, and the larger step size can not achieve the purpose of improving resolution. In actual processing, the prestack time migration of the prediction step. Kirchhoff integration method should be selected according to the specific data. The prestack time migration has the ability to keep the amplitude relatively, and the influencing factors are velocity accuracy, migration aperture and other imaging conditions. The data should be regularized before deviation.
【學位授予單位】:中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:P631.4;P618.13
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