【摘要】：疏松砂巖油氣藏管外充填防砂技術(shù)主要包括塑性擠壓充填和壓裂充填兩種模式,兩種充填模式的選擇取決于對(duì)施工條件、地質(zhì)情況的綜合判斷。但長(zhǎng)期以來對(duì)于高壓擠注充填條件下疏松砂巖地層的破壞機(jī)理認(rèn)識(shí)不透徹,對(duì)破壞模式?jīng)]有建立系統(tǒng)的識(shí)別方法,理論研究與實(shí)際應(yīng)用脫節(jié),導(dǎo)致工藝技術(shù)和施工參數(shù)不甚合理,影響了高壓管外充填一體化防砂技術(shù)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。本文綜合考慮高壓擠注條件下疏松砂巖地層的復(fù)雜變形過程,建立了高壓擠注條件下疏松砂巖地層應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律的多孔介質(zhì)模型,并將其推廣到任意井身結(jié)構(gòu)的定向井或水平井�？紤]高壓擠注充填條件下攜砂液瞬態(tài)溫度效應(yīng),探討熱應(yīng)力對(duì)擠注條件下疏松砂巖巖石破壞模式的影響。結(jié)果表明,攜砂液的瞬態(tài)溫度效應(yīng)對(duì)地層破壞臨界值及地層破壞形態(tài)的影響較小,工程計(jì)算中可以忽略不計(jì)。本文在繼承前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,將疏松砂巖地層巖石劃分為脆性巖石、韌性巖石和可壓縮性巖石三種類型,分別分析了三種巖石宏觀破壞差異性在巖石力學(xué)特性方面的表現(xiàn)。從巖石本身特性和人為因素兩個(gè)方面闡述了高壓擠注條件下疏松砂巖地層破壞形態(tài)的影響因素。通過分析認(rèn)為脆性巖石一般服從拉伸破壞準(zhǔn)則,韌性巖石受剪切破壞準(zhǔn)則的控制,而可壓縮性巖石則受到壓實(shí)破壞機(jī)理的控制。基于彈-理想塑性本構(gòu)模型分析高壓擠注條件下韌性巖石的破壞模式,建立了韌性地層破壞后地層形態(tài)的判別方法、韌性巖石的破壞臨界值計(jì)算方法、人工裂縫啟裂臨界壓力計(jì)算方法和裂縫延伸壓力計(jì)算方法。通過模擬計(jì)算和礦場(chǎng)實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)分析表明:Mohr-Coulomb模型能較好的反映地層的剪切破壞過程,韌性地層高壓擠注條件下形成有效人工裂縫的前提是井壁處徑向應(yīng)力為中間應(yīng)力,否則,地層周圍將產(chǎn)生較為均質(zhì)的剪切破碎帶,無法形成壓裂剪切裂縫。在分析高壓擠注過程中可壓縮性巖石微觀變形規(guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用修正劍橋模型建立了高壓擠注條件下可壓縮性巖石的井底塑性破壞臨界壓力值計(jì)算模型,以及一定壓力條件下的井底塑性壓實(shí)破壞半徑預(yù)測(cè)方法。通過模擬研究表明:地層應(yīng)力非均質(zhì)性是導(dǎo)致疏松砂巖可壓縮性巖石壓實(shí)破壞非均質(zhì)性的根本原因,壓實(shí)破壞臨界井底壓力及塑性壓實(shí)破壞半徑隨著井周角的變化呈現(xiàn)周期性的變化規(guī)律,在最大主應(yīng)力方向上的巖石首先發(fā)生壓實(shí)破壞,井底壓力越大,塑性壓實(shí)破壞半徑越大。論文的研究成果對(duì)于進(jìn)行地層壓裂充填可行性分析以及高壓擠注充填參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)具有重要的借鑒意義,對(duì)于未來形成一體化擠注充填現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工技術(shù)提供了基礎(chǔ)和條件。
[Abstract]:The sand control technology of loose sandstone reservoir is mainly composed of plastic extrusion filling and fracturing filling. The selection of the two filling modes depends on the comprehensive judgment of the construction conditions and geological conditions. However, for a long time, the failure mechanism of loose sandstone formation under the condition of high pressure extrusion and filling has not been fully understood, there is no systematic identification method for the failure mode, and the theoretical research is out of touch with the practical application. As a result, the technology and construction parameters are not reasonable, which affects the further development of the integrated sand control technology. In this paper, considering the complex deformation process of loose sandstone formation under high pressure extrusion, a porous medium model for stress distribution of loose sandstone formation under high pressure extrusion condition is established. It is extended to directional wells or horizontal wells with arbitrary shaft structure. Considering the transient temperature effect of sand carrying fluid under the condition of high pressure extrusion and filling, the effect of thermal stress on the failure mode of loose sandstone rock under extrusion condition is discussed. The results show that the transient temperature effect of sand carrying fluid has little effect on the critical value of formation failure and formation failure form, which can be ignored in engineering calculation. In this paper, the loose sandstone strata are divided into three types: brittle rock, ductile rock and compressible rock. The performance of three kinds of rock macroscopic failure difference in rock mechanics characteristic is analyzed respectively. In this paper, the influence factors of loose sandstone formation failure form under the condition of high pressure extrusion are expounded from the characteristics of rock itself and human factors. It is considered that brittle rock is generally subjected to tensile failure criterion, ductile rock is controlled by shear failure criterion, and compressible rock is controlled by compaction failure mechanism. Based on the elastic-ideal plastic constitutive model, the failure model of ductile rock under high pressure extrusion is analyzed, and a method to distinguish the formation morphology and calculate the critical value of failure of ductile rock is established. The method of calculating the critical pressure of artificial crack initiation and the method of calculating fracture extension pressure. Through simulation calculation and field data analysis, it is shown that the 1: Mohr-Coulomb model can better reflect the shear failure process of the formation. The premise of forming effective artificial fractures under the condition of high pressure extrusion in the ductile formation is that the radial stress at the wellbore is intermediate stress, otherwise, There will be homogeneous shear fracture zone around the formation, which can't form fracturing and shear fracture. On the basis of analyzing the microscopic deformation law of compressible rock during high pressure extrusion, a model for calculating the critical pressure of bottom hole plastic failure of compressible rock under high pressure extrusion is established by applying the modified Cambridge model. And the prediction method of bottom hole plastic compaction failure radius under certain pressure condition. The simulation results show that the heterogeneity of formation stress is the fundamental cause of compaction and destruction of unconsolidated sandstone compressible rock. The critical bottom pressure of compaction failure and the radius of plastic compaction failure change periodically with the change of well circumference angle. The rock in the direction of maximum principal stress first occurs compaction failure, and the larger the bottom hole pressure, the larger the radius of plastic compaction failure. The research results of this paper have important reference significance for the feasibility analysis of formation fracturing and filling and the design of high pressure injection filling parameters, and provide the foundation and condition for the formation of integrated injection and filling field construction technology in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE358.1

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本文編號(hào)：2199627