【摘要】：隨著伊拉克內(nèi)外戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束,中國各石油公司分別跟該國簽署了一些油田服務(wù)項目,使得國內(nèi)工作人員到該國油田進(jìn)行的工作量劇增,同時對油田油井井場管理控制要求的難度也隨之增加。本論文就Missan(伊)油田油井現(xiàn)場服務(wù)項目,針對當(dāng)前形勢并綜合考慮了Missan油田的工作性質(zhì)、所處地域、氣候及安全環(huán)境、項目技術(shù)要求等因素,提出一種基于油田SCADA系統(tǒng)的油井智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。油井智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)是油田SCADA系統(tǒng)不可缺少的重要組成部分,致力于完善油田油井高效、高質(zhì)的管控系統(tǒng)；同時它也是一套獨立運行的子系統(tǒng),是計算機(jī)技術(shù)、儀表控制技術(shù)、太陽能技術(shù)與油氣開采技術(shù)的融合,以高油井采油效率、高油井管理效率、低安全成本、低采油成本為目標(biāo)。 論文首先提出了包含調(diào)度中心、脫氣站、油井監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的三層體系結(jié)構(gòu)的油田SCADA系統(tǒng),并完成了系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)總體設(shè)計；其次,參照設(shè)計標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和設(shè)計原則,結(jié)合Missan油田油井特殊性質(zhì),設(shè)計并繪制了油井監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的PFD圖、PID圖,以及安全控制部分的控制信號圖,表明了儀表設(shè)備的布置、信號走向等信息；在此基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了油井智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用計算機(jī)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)來實現(xiàn)的必要性、可行性和優(yōu)勢,討論了油井的工藝監(jiān)控流程及要求,給出了油井檢測和控制的參數(shù)列表,提出了現(xiàn)場監(jiān)控儀表設(shè)備選型、上位機(jī)選型、PLC選型及硬件配置方案,為展開PLC監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)開發(fā)方面的工作做了很好的鋪墊；接著確定了油井智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的具體軟件開發(fā)方案,選擇PID算法,用Step7PLC編程軟件對PLC數(shù)據(jù)采集、輸出控制等功能進(jìn)行了編程,用力控6.0組態(tài)軟件對上位機(jī)軟件進(jìn)行了開發(fā)制作；最后,用以太網(wǎng)絡(luò)實現(xiàn)上位機(jī)與PLC的通訊,保證了通訊穩(wěn)定,在實驗室條件允許的情況下,做了模擬實驗。 通過模擬實驗,驗證了該系統(tǒng)方案正確,軟硬件設(shè)計合理：表明了系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)油井無人化、智能化、遠(yuǎn)程化及實時化的監(jiān)控。該論文的研究成果可為油井安全、可靠與高效的運行提供有力保證,具有一定的推廣價值。
[Abstract]:With the end of the internal and external war in Iraq, Chinese oil companies have separately signed a number of oil field service projects with the country, resulting in a sharp increase in the workload of domestic staff to go to the country's oil fields. At the same time, the difficulty of oil well site management and control is increased. In this paper, according to the current situation and considering the working nature, location, climate and safety environment of Missan oilfield, the technical requirements of the project are considered in view of the field service project in Missan oil field. An intelligent oil well monitoring system based on oilfield SCADA system is proposed. The oil well intelligent monitoring system is an indispensable part of the oil field SCADA system, which is devoted to perfecting the oil well management and control system with high efficiency and high quality, and it is also a set of independent operating subsystem, which is the computer technology and instrument control technology. The integration of solar energy technology and oil and gas production technology aims at high oil recovery efficiency, high oil well management efficiency, low safety cost and low oil recovery cost. In this paper, a three-layer SCADA system including dispatching center, degassing station and oil well monitoring system is put forward, and the overall design of the system architecture is completed. Secondly, referring to the design standards and design principles, the paper proposes a three-layer oil field SCADA system which includes the dispatching center, the degassing station and the oil well monitoring system. Combined with the special properties of oil wells in Missan oilfield, the PFD diagram and pid diagram of the oil well monitoring system and the control signal diagram of the safety control part are designed and drawn. This paper expounds the necessity, feasibility and advantages of the application of computer monitoring system in oil well intelligent monitoring system, discusses the process monitoring flow and requirements of oil well, and gives the list of parameters for oil well detection and control. This paper puts forward the selection of field monitoring instrument equipment, host computer type selection and hardware configuration scheme, which makes a good paving for the development of PLC monitoring system, and then determines the specific software development scheme of oil well intelligent monitoring system. The PID algorithm is selected, and the functions of PLC data acquisition and output control are programmed with Step7PLC programming software, and the upper computer software is developed with the configuration software of force-controlled 6.0. Finally, the communication between the host computer and PLC is realized by Ethernet network. The communication is stable and the simulation experiment is done when the laboratory conditions permit. The simulation results show that the system scheme is correct and the software and hardware design is reasonable. It shows that the system can realize the monitoring of oil wells without artificial, intelligent, remote and real-time. The research results of this paper can provide a strong guarantee for the safe, reliable and efficient operation of the oil well, and have certain popularization value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE938;TP277

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：2173419