【摘要】：石油鉆桿是石油天然氣勘探和開采中的重要設(shè)備,傳統(tǒng)的鋼制鉆桿存在很多問題：如耐腐蝕性能差、大鉤負載過大等。鋁合金鉆桿具有比強度(斷裂強度極限與相對密度之比)高、重量輕、與井壁摩擦阻力小、彎曲應(yīng)力小、有效防止H2S和CO2的腐蝕等優(yōu)點,在某些井況下,鋁合金鉆桿具有更大的優(yōu)勢。我國對鋁合金鉆桿的研究起步很晚,目前還沒有大范圍推廣鋁合金鉆桿產(chǎn)品,主要原因在于：鋁合金材料及力學(xué)性能研究有待完善；抗扭性能較弱且沒有成熟的分析計算公式；鋁合金鉆桿接頭采用過盈裝配,裝配條件要求更高。影響鋁合金鉆桿抗扭性能的主要取決于鉆桿接頭的抗扭性能,本文從鉆桿接頭的裝配過盈量入手研究鉆桿的抗扭性能。由于鋁合金鉆桿與普通鋼鉆桿在結(jié)構(gòu)、材料、裝配方式上具有明顯的不同,文章分析了國內(nèi)外對鋁合金鉆桿的研究現(xiàn)狀,并從材料力學(xué)性能和抗扭的原理角度分別對鋁合金鉆桿和鋼鉆桿進行了對比。結(jié)合已有的分析計算方法,以厚壁圓筒的過盈連接計算為基礎(chǔ),對鋁合金鉆桿接頭的過盈連接進行分段的微元解析計算,并對計算公式進行了統(tǒng)一,盡量減少計算參數(shù),提高計算的可操作性和實用性。使用有限元分析軟件MSC.MARC建立鋁合金鉆桿接頭的有限元模型,模擬裝配,對裝配扭矩、接觸壓力、各螺紋牙承擔的作用力、應(yīng)力集中系數(shù)及積分強度這五個參數(shù)進行綜合對比,選出接頭綜合性能最優(yōu)的裝配過盈量。通過熱裝配的試驗及卸扣試驗,對模擬的結(jié)果進行驗證。使用有限元模擬的方法對熱裝配進行了分析,從而定量地分析了熱裝配過程中鋁合金接頭的溫度變化和熱變形情況,對熱裝配試驗具有一定的指導(dǎo)作用。本文的研究成果對鋁合金鉆桿開發(fā)過程中決定抗扭性能的關(guān)鍵性裝配過盈量問題的解決具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義,樣品試驗與有限元模擬相結(jié)合的分析方法,對后續(xù)的鋁合金鉆桿的進一步開發(fā)和推廣使用將會提供有益的技術(shù)支撐。
[Abstract]:Oil drill pipe is an important equipment in oil and gas exploration and exploitation. There are many problems in traditional steel drill pipe, such as poor corrosion resistance, excessive load of hook and so on. Aluminum alloy drill pipes have the advantages of high specific strength (ratio of fracture strength limit to relative density), light weight, small friction resistance with shaft wall, small bending stress, and effective protection against corrosion of H 2S and CO2. Aluminum alloy drill pipe has more advantages. The research on aluminum alloy drill pipe started very late in our country, but it has not been popularized widely at present. The main reasons are that the study of aluminum alloy material and mechanical properties need to be improved, the torsion resistance is weak and there is no mature formula for analysis and calculation. Aluminum alloy drill pipe joints adopt interference assembly, the assembly conditions are higher. The torsion resistance of aluminum alloy drill pipe is mainly determined by the torsion resistance of the drill pipe joint. In this paper, the torsion resistance of the drill pipe is studied based on the fitting interference quantity of the drill pipe joint. Because aluminum alloy drill pipe is different from ordinary steel drill pipe in structure, material and assembly mode, this paper analyzes the research status of aluminum alloy drill pipe at home and abroad. From the point of view of mechanical properties and torsion resistance of materials, the aluminum alloy drill pipe and steel drill pipe are compared respectively. Based on the calculation of interference connection of thick-walled cylinder, the interference joint of aluminum alloy drill pipe joint is calculated by micro-element analysis, and the calculation formula is unified to reduce the calculation parameters as far as possible. Improve the maneuverability and practicability of calculation. The finite element analysis software MSC.MARC was used to establish the finite element model of aluminum alloy drill pipe joint. The assembly torque, contact pressure, the acting force of each thread tooth, the stress concentration factor and the integral strength were compared synthetically, and the assembly torque, the contact pressure, the stress concentration factor and the integral strength were compared. Select the assembly interference which has the best comprehensive performance. The simulation results are verified by thermal assembly test and unloading test. The finite element simulation method is used to analyze the thermal assembly, and the temperature change and thermal deformation of aluminum alloy joints during thermal assembly are quantitatively analyzed, which can be used as a guide for the thermal assembly test. The research results in this paper have important guiding significance for solving the problem of critical assembly interference during the development of aluminum alloy drill pipe, and the analysis method combined with sample test and finite element simulation. It will provide useful technical support for the further development and popularization of aluminum alloy drill pipe.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE921.2

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