【摘要】：近幾年來,隨著常規(guī)油氣資源的衰減,許多國(guó)家將勘探開發(fā)的重點(diǎn)瞄向了泥頁(yè)巖油氣資源。我國(guó)自本世紀(jì)初開始重點(diǎn)研究泥頁(yè)巖油氣,特別是最近幾年投入了大量的人力和物力,在多個(gè)油區(qū)也取得了商業(yè)發(fā)現(xiàn)。井壁的穩(wěn)定性和環(huán)保是制約國(guó)內(nèi)泥頁(yè)巖油氣鉆井的兩大難題,由于國(guó)內(nèi)泥頁(yè)巖油氣資源的地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)與國(guó)外差異較大,地層非均質(zhì)性和各向異性突出,礦物成分中脆性礦物含量高,且具有一定的水化分散特性導(dǎo)致井眼難以沿著地層前進(jìn)一定的長(zhǎng)度,因此泥頁(yè)巖油氣井達(dá)到商業(yè)開采的難度較大。柴油基鉆井液抑制性強(qiáng),可以解決井壁穩(wěn)定性差的難題,但由于柴油中芳烴含量高,對(duì)設(shè)備腐蝕重且對(duì)施工人員容易造成傷害,巖屑后期處理難度大,導(dǎo)致施工環(huán)保壓力高。本文在勝利油田已經(jīng)形成的柴油鉆井液研究的基礎(chǔ)上,開展低毒油基鉆井液的研究工作,通過基液優(yōu)選和配方室內(nèi)研究評(píng)價(jià),確定低毒油基鉆井液的基本配方,同時(shí)對(duì)配方的抗污染性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),通過現(xiàn)場(chǎng)在渤頁(yè)平2井、義173-5HF井和南頁(yè)1HF井等三口井的應(yīng)用,完善并形成低毒油基鉆井液技術(shù)。經(jīng)三口井試驗(yàn)證明,鉆井過程中,低毒油基鉆井液抗污染能力強(qiáng),起下鉆及完井作業(yè)順利,施工摩阻小,有效地降低了設(shè)備負(fù)荷,保證了施工的順利完成。通過對(duì)類似區(qū)塊同類型井的井身質(zhì)量、平均機(jī)械鉆速、完井周期和單月鉆井液材料消耗等四個(gè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,使用低毒油基鉆井液所鉆的井井身質(zhì)量好,擴(kuò)大率小于2%,鉆速能提高2倍,完井周期可節(jié)約1/3,可綜合降低鉆井成本。該類型鉆井液解決了勝利油區(qū)泥頁(yè)巖油氣資源勘探開發(fā)環(huán)保和井壁穩(wěn)定性的難題,也可以為其它復(fù)雜地層和其它油區(qū)泥頁(yè)巖油氣資源的勘探開發(fā)提供借鑒和指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the decline of conventional oil and gas resources, many countries have focused their exploration and development on shale oil and gas resources. Since the beginning of this century, China has focused on the study of shale oil and gas, especially in recent years, has invested a lot of manpower and material resources, and has also made commercial discoveries in many oil areas. The stability of wellbore and environmental protection are the two major problems restricting the drilling of shale oil and gas in China. Because the geological structure of domestic shale oil and gas resources is quite different from that of foreign countries, the formation heterogeneity and anisotropy are prominent. Because of the high content of brittle minerals in the mineral composition and its hydration dispersion, it is difficult for the borehole to advance along a certain length along the formation, so it is difficult for shale oil and gas wells to reach commercial exploitation. Diesel-based drilling fluid has strong inhibition and can solve the problem of poor wellbore stability. However, due to the high aromatics content in diesel oil, heavy corrosion to equipment and injury to construction personnel, it is difficult to deal with cuttings in the later stage, resulting in high pressure of environmental protection in construction. Based on the research of diesel oil drilling fluid in Shengli Oilfield, the basic formula of low toxic oil base drilling fluid is determined through the optimization of base fluid and the evaluation of formulation. At the same time, the anti-pollution property of the formula was evaluated. Through the field application in three wells, Boping2 well, Yi 173-5HF well and Nanye 1HF well, the low toxic oil-based drilling fluid technology was perfected and formed. The experiments in three wells show that the low toxic oil based drilling fluid has strong anti-pollution ability, smooth operation of drilling and completion, low friction in operation, which effectively reduces the equipment load and ensures the smooth completion of the operation. By comparing and analyzing the four indexes of the same type well in the similar block, such as hole quality, average drilling speed, completion period and material consumption of drilling fluid per month, the well bore quality is good when using low toxic oil-based drilling fluid. The expansion rate is less than 2, the drilling speed can be increased by 2 times, the completion cycle can be saved by 1 / 3, and the drilling cost can be reduced synthetically. This type of drilling fluid solves the problems of environmental protection and wellbore stability of shale oil and gas resources exploration and development in Shengli oil area, and can also provide reference and guidance for the exploration and development of shale oil and gas resources in other complex formations and other oil areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE254

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