【摘要】：本課題的目的是為了開(kāi)發(fā)一種新的油井除蠟電加熱方法。本文理論依據(jù)是基于電磁效應(yīng)變電阻加熱油管的方法,控制方法采用模糊PID控制理論,從而達(dá)到對(duì)溫度的準(zhǔn)確的控制,最后對(duì)加熱電路進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),實(shí)現(xiàn)油井采油效率的提高,從而達(dá)到提效、節(jié)能的效果。此方法不同于之前通過(guò)電源加熱空心抽油桿除蠟的方法,而是直接加熱油管來(lái)進(jìn)行除蠟,利用電磁效應(yīng)變電阻原理產(chǎn)生熱能,對(duì)油井采油加熱降低粘稠度。這種方法可對(duì)在油管管壁和抽油桿上的結(jié)蠟有很好的效果,同時(shí)減少抽油機(jī)負(fù)荷。運(yùn)用的電磁效應(yīng)變電阻原理的核心是集膚效應(yīng)與鄰近效應(yīng),通過(guò)對(duì)集膚效應(yīng)原理和鄰近效應(yīng)原理的分析,以油管電路為模型,從電磁學(xué)的角度分析了加熱的發(fā)生機(jī)理,為應(yīng)用方波交流電對(duì)電磁效應(yīng)變電阻加熱系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)鋪平了道路。本文控制對(duì)象是基于電磁效應(yīng)變電阻加熱系統(tǒng),具有變量多、非線性、大滯后及干擾性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn),所以為了達(dá)到控制目的不能采用常規(guī)的控制方法。本系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)了基于模糊的PID控制器,能夠按照設(shè)定溫度和負(fù)載溫度側(cè)采集的實(shí)時(shí)溫度來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)逆變側(cè)。運(yùn)用中頻加熱電源工作原理設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)油管中頻加熱電源,其中控制部分選用PLC,主電路選用AC-DC-AC變頻電路。本文對(duì)溫度控制策略進(jìn)行了MATLAB仿真驗(yàn)證,完成采油管中頻感應(yīng)加熱電源主電路硬件的設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)在實(shí)際現(xiàn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)用中可預(yù)見(jiàn)的系統(tǒng)故障進(jìn)行外圍電路進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)以及系統(tǒng)可靠性調(diào)整。對(duì)裝置進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)模擬試驗(yàn),證明中頻加熱電源對(duì)溫度能夠進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確控制并且系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定,大大提氋了高含蠟石油熱處理效果,從而使得油井采油效率得到提高,能夠達(dá)到系統(tǒng)的商業(yè)化油井采油要求。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to develop a new electric heating method for oil well dewaxing. The theoretical basis of this paper is the method of heating tubing with variable resistance based on electromagnetic effect. The control method adopts fuzzy PID control theory to achieve accurate control of temperature. Finally, the heating circuit is designed to improve the oil production efficiency. In order to achieve efficiency, energy saving effect. This method is different from the previous method of dewaxing by heating hollow sucker rod by power supply, but directly heating the tubing to dewaxing. The heat energy is generated by using the principle of changing the resistance of electromagnetic effect, and the viscosity of oil well is reduced by heating the oil well. This method has a good effect on the wax deposit on the tubing wall and the sucker rod, while reducing the load of the pumping unit. The core of the electromagnetic effect variable resistance principle is the skin effect and proximity effect. Through the analysis of the skin effect principle and the proximity effect principle, taking the tubing circuit as the model, the mechanism of heating is analyzed from the point of view of electromagnetism. It paves the way for the application of square wave alternating current to the design of electromagnetic effect variable resistance heating system. The control object in this paper is a variable-resistance heating system based on electromagnetic effect, which has many variables, nonlinear, large delay and strong disturbance, so the conventional control method can not be adopted for the purpose of control. A fuzzy PID controller is designed in this system, which can adjust the inverter side according to the real time temperature collected from the set temperature and load temperature side. A tubing intermediate frequency heating power supply is designed based on the working principle of intermediate frequency heating power supply, in which the control part is controlled by AC-DC-AC and the main circuit is composed of AC-DC-AC frequency conversion circuit. In this paper, the temperature control strategy is verified by MATLAB simulation, and the hardware design of the main circuit of the intermediate frequency induction heating power supply is completed. The peripheral circuit design and system reliability adjustment are carried out for the foreseeable system faults in the actual field application. The field simulation test of the device proves that the if heating power can accurately control the temperature and the system runs stably, which greatly improves the heat treatment effect of the high waxy oil, thus improving the oil recovery efficiency of the oil well. It can meet the requirement of commercial oil well production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE358.2

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本文編號(hào)：2169733