基于巖石物理模型分析的橫波預(yù)測方法研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-07 10:06
【摘要】：橫波速度是疊前反演的輸入數(shù)據(jù),橫波數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性直接關(guān)系到儲(chǔ)層預(yù)測及流體識(shí)別的精度。同樣,對(duì)于疊前波動(dòng)方程數(shù)值模擬而言,橫波速度也是建模的必要參數(shù)。然而,對(duì)于大多數(shù)工區(qū),并非所有鉆井都具備橫波資料,這就為后續(xù)正、反演工作帶來很大困難。介于此,本文以預(yù)測高精度的橫波速度為目標(biāo),基于橫波預(yù)測的基本原理,對(duì)常規(guī)方法進(jìn)行總結(jié)與創(chuàng)新,從經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式法及巖石物理分析法兩方面進(jìn)行研究。本文首先開展經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式法的橫波預(yù)測研究,針對(duì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式法是建立在巖石飽水的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行橫波估算,引入精確Gassmann方程及基于縱波模量的近似流體替換分別將研究區(qū)有橫波資料的井及缺乏橫波資料的井進(jìn)行流體替換,提高預(yù)測精度。然后,本文從“巖石基質(zhì)等效參數(shù)模型”、“孔隙流體等效參數(shù)模型”、“裂隙介質(zhì)等效參數(shù)模型”、“孔隙介質(zhì)等效參數(shù)模型”四個(gè)方面對(duì)常規(guī)巖石物理模型進(jìn)行分析,對(duì)比同類模型計(jì)算結(jié)果的差異,并進(jìn)行砂泥巖儲(chǔ)層與碳酸鹽儲(chǔ)層速度正演,總結(jié)了影響兩種巖性橫波預(yù)測的難點(diǎn)問題并制作適用于兩種巖性的速度-孔隙度量板。在正演模擬的基礎(chǔ)上,基于砂泥巖與碳酸鹽儲(chǔ)層的差異,分別對(duì)兩種巖性地層進(jìn)行橫波速度預(yù)測建模研究。最后,采用SLG氣田S5區(qū)塊及土庫曼斯坦AMH地區(qū)右岸測井資料對(duì)兩種巖性的橫波速度預(yù)測建模流程進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,采用本文方法預(yù)測的橫波速度與實(shí)測橫波速度吻合度較好,并且能將誤差控制在較小范圍以內(nèi)。論文取得的關(guān)鍵成果如下:(1)提出一種改進(jìn)的自適應(yīng)基質(zhì)彈性模量反演方法,克服實(shí)際計(jì)算中巖石等效彈性模量難以給定的問題;(2)針對(duì)低孔隙度砂泥巖地層特點(diǎn),結(jié)合改進(jìn)的自適應(yīng)基質(zhì)模量反演方法,并將變孔隙扁率引入簡化Xu-White模型中,提出一套結(jié)合多井統(tǒng)計(jì)及巖石物理建模的砂泥巖地層的橫波預(yù)測建模流程;(3)對(duì)于碳酸鹽地層,其孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)較砂泥巖更加復(fù)雜多變,本文結(jié)合孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)反演方法,反演出每個(gè)測井深度點(diǎn)的最優(yōu)孔隙扁率,進(jìn)而提出一套用于碳酸巖地層的橫波預(yù)測建模流程。本文方法是對(duì)常規(guī)方法的擴(kuò)展及補(bǔ)充,具備較強(qiáng)的實(shí)際運(yùn)用前景,可在其他工區(qū)推廣運(yùn)用。
[Abstract]:Shear wave velocity is the input data of prestack inversion. The accuracy of shear wave data is directly related to the accuracy of reservoir prediction and fluid identification. Similarly, the shear wave velocity is also a necessary parameter for the numerical simulation of prestack wave equations. However, for most working areas, not all drilling wells have S-wave data, which makes it difficult to follow up and inversion. Based on the basic principle of S-wave prediction, this paper summarizes and innovates the conventional methods, and studies the empirical formula method and the rock physics analysis method from two aspects: empirical formula method and petrophysical analysis method. In this paper, the empirical formula method is first used to predict the shear wave, and the empirical formula method is based on the saturated rock to estimate the shear wave. The accurate Gassmann equation and the approximate fluid replacement based on P-wave modulus are introduced to replace the fluid in the wells with shear wave data and those wells without S-wave data respectively, so as to improve the prediction accuracy. Then, the conventional rock physical models are analyzed from four aspects: the equivalent parameter model of rock matrix, the equivalent parameter model of pore fluid, the equivalent parameter model of fractured medium and the equivalent parameter model of pore medium. By comparing the difference of calculation results of the similar models, the velocity forward modeling of sand mudstone reservoir and carbonate reservoir is carried out, and the difficult problems affecting the prediction of shear wave of lithology are summarized, and the velocity-pore metric plate suitable for the two lithology is made. On the basis of forward modeling and based on the difference between sand mudstone and carbonate reservoir, the prediction modeling of shear wave velocity for two kinds of lithologic strata is carried out. Finally, using the S5 block of SLG gas field and the right bank logging data of AMH area of Turkmenistan, the flow of predicting the shear wave velocity of two kinds of lithology is verified. The calculation results show that, The shear wave velocity predicted by this method is in good agreement with the measured shear wave velocity, and the error can be controlled in a small range. The key achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) an improved adaptive matrix elastic modulus inversion method is proposed to overcome the problem that the equivalent elastic modulus of rock is difficult to be given in the actual calculation; (2) according to the characteristics of low porosity sand and mudstone strata, Combining with the improved adaptive matrix modulus inversion method and introducing variable porosity into the simplified Xu-White model, a set of shear wave prediction modeling process for sand and mudstone formation is proposed, which combines multi-well statistics and petrophysical modeling. (3) for carbonate formation, The pore structure is more complex and changeable than that of sand and mudstone. In this paper, the optimal pore flat ratio of each logging depth point is derived by combining the pore structure inversion method, and a set of modeling flow of shear wave prediction for carbonatite formation is put forward. The method in this paper is an extension and supplement to the conventional method and has a strong prospect of practical application. It can be popularized and applied in other working areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13;P631.4
本文編號(hào)：2169689
[Abstract]:Shear wave velocity is the input data of prestack inversion. The accuracy of shear wave data is directly related to the accuracy of reservoir prediction and fluid identification. Similarly, the shear wave velocity is also a necessary parameter for the numerical simulation of prestack wave equations. However, for most working areas, not all drilling wells have S-wave data, which makes it difficult to follow up and inversion. Based on the basic principle of S-wave prediction, this paper summarizes and innovates the conventional methods, and studies the empirical formula method and the rock physics analysis method from two aspects: empirical formula method and petrophysical analysis method. In this paper, the empirical formula method is first used to predict the shear wave, and the empirical formula method is based on the saturated rock to estimate the shear wave. The accurate Gassmann equation and the approximate fluid replacement based on P-wave modulus are introduced to replace the fluid in the wells with shear wave data and those wells without S-wave data respectively, so as to improve the prediction accuracy. Then, the conventional rock physical models are analyzed from four aspects: the equivalent parameter model of rock matrix, the equivalent parameter model of pore fluid, the equivalent parameter model of fractured medium and the equivalent parameter model of pore medium. By comparing the difference of calculation results of the similar models, the velocity forward modeling of sand mudstone reservoir and carbonate reservoir is carried out, and the difficult problems affecting the prediction of shear wave of lithology are summarized, and the velocity-pore metric plate suitable for the two lithology is made. On the basis of forward modeling and based on the difference between sand mudstone and carbonate reservoir, the prediction modeling of shear wave velocity for two kinds of lithologic strata is carried out. Finally, using the S5 block of SLG gas field and the right bank logging data of AMH area of Turkmenistan, the flow of predicting the shear wave velocity of two kinds of lithology is verified. The calculation results show that, The shear wave velocity predicted by this method is in good agreement with the measured shear wave velocity, and the error can be controlled in a small range. The key achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) an improved adaptive matrix elastic modulus inversion method is proposed to overcome the problem that the equivalent elastic modulus of rock is difficult to be given in the actual calculation; (2) according to the characteristics of low porosity sand and mudstone strata, Combining with the improved adaptive matrix modulus inversion method and introducing variable porosity into the simplified Xu-White model, a set of shear wave prediction modeling process for sand and mudstone formation is proposed, which combines multi-well statistics and petrophysical modeling. (3) for carbonate formation, The pore structure is more complex and changeable than that of sand and mudstone. In this paper, the optimal pore flat ratio of each logging depth point is derived by combining the pore structure inversion method, and a set of modeling flow of shear wave prediction for carbonatite formation is put forward. The method in this paper is an extension and supplement to the conventional method and has a strong prospect of practical application. It can be popularized and applied in other working areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13;P631.4
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 蔣煉;文曉濤;周東紅;賀振華;賀錫雷;;碳酸鹽巖孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)構(gòu)建與儲(chǔ)層參數(shù)反演(英文)[J];Applied Geophysics;2012年02期
2 高有瑞;劉艷;時(shí)付更;;基質(zhì)型灰?guī)r儲(chǔ)層巖石壓縮系數(shù)的確定[J];中國海上油氣;2011年04期
，本文編號(hào)：2169689
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