【摘要】：塔河6-7區(qū)縫洞型油藏目前是塔河油田注水開發(fā)的主力油藏,也是井組注水開發(fā)的國家技術(shù)攻關(guān)示范區(qū)塊。本文圍繞塔河6-7區(qū)開展了井組的注水方案和注水機(jī)理研究,難點(diǎn)在于縫洞形態(tài)復(fù)雜,地質(zhì)模型的孔隙度場和滲透率場無法通過地震、測井等勘探手段準(zhǔn)確測量出來,對注水動(dòng)態(tài)起著至關(guān)重要的地質(zhì)因素也無法通過地質(zhì)手段進(jìn)行識別,而孤立的油藏工程分析又存很大的多解性。 因此,本文以文獻(xiàn)調(diào)研為基礎(chǔ),歸納總結(jié)溶洞型、縫洞型、縫孔型三類儲層油水兩相滲流特征,分析各自流體流動(dòng)機(jī)理及動(dòng)態(tài)特征；采用地質(zhì)建模和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合方法將地質(zhì)和開發(fā)動(dòng)態(tài)特征相結(jié)合,作為研究6-7區(qū)油藏注水開發(fā)的有效手段；通過測井曲線矯正、建立滲透率模型和歷史擬合等方法完善原始地質(zhì)模型；根據(jù)注水見效期、穩(wěn)定期、調(diào)整期三個(gè)階段含水率特點(diǎn),對注水方式的組合優(yōu)化模擬,論證了最佳注水組合的模式及注采參數(shù),以期為注水開發(fā)這類油藏提供技術(shù)參考。取得的主要成果如下： (1)每種典型單元的注水方式組合分別為：主干斷裂典型單元最佳注水組合為先溫和持續(xù)注水,后溫和持續(xù)注水,最終轉(zhuǎn)為周期注水的模式；次級斷裂典型單元最佳注水組合為全過程周期注水的模式；表層巖溶典型單元最佳注水組合為先溫和持續(xù)注水,后周期注水,最終轉(zhuǎn)為間歇注水的模式；暗河巖溶典型單元最佳注水組合為先大排量持續(xù)注水,后溫和持續(xù)注水,最終轉(zhuǎn)為周期注水的模式。 (2)結(jié)合數(shù)值模擬方法與塔河6-7區(qū)礦場注水經(jīng)驗(yàn),對影響注水效果的注水強(qiáng)度、注水周期和注采比等參數(shù)優(yōu)化后得出：1)主干斷裂典型單元三種注水方式的優(yōu)化結(jié)果為見效期持續(xù)注水強(qiáng)度范圍80-150m3/d,注采比1.5～3.0,穩(wěn)定期持續(xù)注水強(qiáng)度范圍50-100m3/d,注采比1.0～1.5,調(diào)整期強(qiáng)度為50-80m3/d,注采比0.9左右的常規(guī)周期注水注15d停30d方式。2)次級斷裂典型單元三種注水方式的優(yōu)化結(jié)果為見效期強(qiáng)度為80-120m3/d,注采比1.0～1.25的常規(guī)周期注水注45d停60d方式,穩(wěn)定期強(qiáng)度為40-100m3/d,注采比0.65-1.0的常規(guī)周期注水注30d停60d方式,調(diào)整期強(qiáng)度為40-80m3/d,注采比0.6～0.8的常規(guī)周期注水注15d停60d方式。3)表層巖溶典型單元三種注水方式的優(yōu)化結(jié)果為見效期持續(xù)注水強(qiáng)度范圍150-200m3/d,注采比1.5-2.5,穩(wěn)定期強(qiáng)度為100-150m3/d,注采比1.0～1.5的常規(guī)周期注水注60d停15d方式,調(diào)整期強(qiáng)度為100-200m3/d,注采比1.0～1.5間隔30d的方式間歇注入。4)暗河巖溶典型單元三種注水方式的優(yōu)化結(jié)果為見效期持續(xù)注水強(qiáng)度范圍250～350m3/d,注采比2.5～4.5,穩(wěn)定期持續(xù)注水強(qiáng)度范圍100～150m3/d,注采比1.0-1.65,調(diào)整期強(qiáng)度為80-150m3/d,注采比1.0～1.5的常規(guī)周期注水注60d停15d方式。
[Abstract]:At present, fracture-cavity reservoir in Tahe 6-7 area is the main reservoir for water injection development in Tahe oilfield, and it is also the national technical demonstration area for water injection development of well group. In this paper, the water injection scheme and water injection mechanism of well group are studied around Tahe 6-7 area. The difficulty lies in the complexity of fracture and cavity morphology, the porosity field and permeability field of geological model can not be accurately measured by seismic and logging exploration methods. The geological factors that play an important role in water injection performance can not be identified by geological means, and the isolated reservoir engineering analysis has a great variety of solutions. Therefore, on the basis of literature research, this paper summarizes the oil-water two-phase percolation characteristics of three types of reservoirs, cavern type and fracture type, and analyzes their fluid flow mechanism and dynamic characteristics. The combination of geological modeling and numerical simulation is used to combine geological and development characteristics as an effective means to study water injection development in reservoirs in area 6-7. The permeability model and historical fitting method were established to perfect the original geological model, according to the characteristics of water cut in the three stages of water injection effect period, stable period and adjustment period, the combination optimization simulation of water injection mode was carried out. The optimal water injection combination model and injection-production parameters are demonstrated in order to provide a technical reference for waterflooding development of this kind of reservoir. The main results obtained are as follows: (1) the combination of water injection modes of each typical unit is: the best combination of water injection in the typical unit of main fault is first mild continuous injection, then mild continuous water injection, and finally the mode of periodic water injection; The best combination of water injection in the typical secondary fault unit is the mode of the whole process cycle water injection, and the best combination of water injection in the surface karst typical unit is the mode of first moderate continuous injection, then periodic water injection, and finally the mode of intermittent water injection. The best combination of water injection in typical karst units of the Shahe River is the mode of continuous water injection with large discharge first, followed by mild continuous water injection, and then converted to periodic water injection. (2) combined with numerical simulation method and field water injection experience of Tahe 6-7 area, For the water injection intensity that affects the water injection effect, After optimization of injection cycle and injection-production ratio, the optimization results of three water injection modes of typical unit of main fault are as follows: effective period continuous water injection intensity range 80-150 m3 / d, injection-production ratio 1.5% 3.0, steady period sustained water injection intensity range 50-100 m3 / d, injection-production ratio 50-100 m3 / d, injection-production ratio 1.50 m ~ 3 / d, injection / production range 50 ~ 100 m ~ (3 / d). The optimization results of three water injection modes of typical unit of secondary fault are as follows: the intensity of adjustment period is 50-80 m3 / d, the ratio of injection to production is about 0.9, the injection / production ratio is 0.9 or so, and the conventional cycle injection with injection / production ratio of 1.0 ~ 1.25) is optimized for the typical unit of secondary fault. The optimization results are as follows: the intensity of effective period is 80-120 m3 / d, and the ratio of injection to production is 1.0m ~ (3 / d). Water injection for 45 days, stop for 60 days, The stable period intensity is 40-100 m3 / d and the injection-production ratio is 0.65-1.0. The optimization results of three water injection modes of typical karst units in the surface layer are as follows: continuous water injection intensity of 150-200m3 / d, injection-production ratio of 1.5-2.5, stable period intensity of 100-150m3 / d, the intensity of adjusting period is 40-80m3 / d, injection / production ratio is 0.6 / d, and injection / production ratio is 0.6 ~ 0.8) the optimum results of three water injection modes are as follows: 150-200m3 / d in the typical unit of surface karst. The injection to production ratio of 1.0 ~ 1.5 is the normal mode of injection for 60 days and stops for 15 days. The intensity of adjustment period is 100-200 m3 / d, the injection-production ratio is 1.0 ~ 1.5 interval 30d interval, the interval is 30 days.) the optimization results of three water injection modes of typical unit of karst in the dark river are as follows: the range of continuous water injection intensity in effective period is 250 ~ 350m3 / d, the injection-production ratio is 2.5 ~ 4.5and the steady period is continuous injection. The range of water intensity is 100 ~ 150 m3 / d, the injection-production ratio is 1.0-1.65, the intensity of adjustment period is 80-150 m3 / d, and the injection-production ratio is 1.0 ~ 1.5.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.6

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