【摘要】：對(duì)于國(guó)內(nèi)一些油氣田,如中原油田、江漢油田、長(zhǎng)慶油田等,它們一些油氣井管道結(jié)垢的主要成分是NaCl。由于NaCl穩(wěn)定的化學(xué)性質(zhì),NaCl鹽垢很難用化學(xué)方法清除。但是根據(jù)一些理論和NaCl溶液本身的性質(zhì),可以推斷變頻電磁場(chǎng)能夠有效的減少NaCl結(jié)晶析出。本文主要工作是,研究受到不同頻率、電流或波形的電磁場(chǎng)處理后,NaCl溶液放置一段時(shí)間后由于揮發(fā)而析出NaCl晶體的析出量的變化,放置入NaCl溶液的NaCl鹽塊的被溶解質(zhì)量的變化,由于電磁場(chǎng)處理而使NaCl溶液內(nèi)部分子或離子之間的相互作用發(fā)生改變而在宏觀上表現(xiàn)的表面張力系數(shù)的變化、電導(dǎo)率的變化和NaCl液滴揮發(fā)后的剩余的NaCl晶體的結(jié)晶圖案的變化,以及受電磁場(chǎng)處理后NaCl溶液的激光拉曼熒光光譜所發(fā)生的變化。在這六個(gè)方面的基礎(chǔ)上,分析變頻電磁場(chǎng)的頻率、電流或波形對(duì)NaCl溶液結(jié)晶過程的影響規(guī)律。本文得出如下結(jié)論:(1)對(duì)于頻率實(shí)驗(yàn),正弦波頻率選取25kHz,方波頻率選取20-25kHz時(shí),電磁場(chǎng)對(duì)NaCl溶液結(jié)晶過程的影響最大:NaCl溶液蒸發(fā)析出的結(jié)晶晶體質(zhì)量受電磁場(chǎng)的影響而減少的幅度最大(正弦波-28.57%,方波-20.00%),NaCl溶液對(duì)Na Cl鹽塊溶解的質(zhì)量受電磁場(chǎng)的影響而增加的幅度最大(正弦波17.08%,方波6.67%),NaCl溶液的表面張力系數(shù)受電磁場(chǎng)的影響而增大的幅度最大(正弦波7.35%,方波3.89%),NaCl結(jié)晶圖案排列受電磁場(chǎng)的影響而趨向于聚集,方波的拉曼散射強(qiáng)度IR增大的幅度最大(六個(gè)拉曼峰IR變化率分別為1.09%,1.04%,1.03%,1.13%,1.06%,1.53%)。其原因推測(cè)是25kHz是特定頻率,可能引起了NaCl溶液的共振。在該頻率下,電磁場(chǎng)對(duì)NaCl溶液的影響被放大。(2)對(duì)于電流實(shí)驗(yàn),隨著電流的增大至儀器允許的最大電流1.4A,抑制NaCl晶體析出的能力增強(qiáng)(正弦波-18.18%),溶液溶解NaCl鹽塊的能力增強(qiáng)(正弦波13.23%,方波4.60%),表面張力系數(shù)增大(正弦波1.66%),拉曼譜的譜峰增大(正弦波三個(gè)拉曼峰IR變化率分別為1.17%,1.18%,1.20%)。如果要增強(qiáng)電磁場(chǎng)對(duì)NaCl溶液的影響,增加NaCl的溶解度,那么需要增大對(duì)應(yīng)的電磁場(chǎng)的電流值。由于電流越強(qiáng),電磁場(chǎng)對(duì)NaCl溶液的影響就越強(qiáng),NaCl溶液各項(xiàng)屬性的變化就越明顯。(3)對(duì)于25kHz1.0A的波形實(shí)驗(yàn),如果要電磁場(chǎng)處理使NaCl溶液結(jié)晶過程盡量被抑制,則波形可以相對(duì)于三角波,選取正弦波和方波更合適。
[Abstract]:For some oil and gas fields in China, such as Zhongyuan Oilfield, Jianghan Oilfield, Changqing Oilfield and so on, the main component of scaling in some oil and gas wells is NaClCl. Because of the stable chemical property of NaCl, it is difficult to remove the salt scale by chemical method. However, based on some theories and the properties of NaCl solution, it can be concluded that the frequency conversion electromagnetic field can effectively reduce the precipitation of NaCl crystals. The main work of this paper is to study the variation of the amount of precipitation of NaCl crystal after the treatment of electromagnetic field with different frequencies, currents or waveforms for a period of time, and the change of the dissolved quality of the NaCl salt block placed into the NaCl solution. Because of the electromagnetic field treatment, the interaction between molecules or ions in NaCl solution is changed, and the surface tension coefficient, conductivity and the crystal pattern of the remaining NaCl crystal after the volatilization of NaCl droplets are changed. And the changes of laser Raman fluorescence spectra of NaCl solution treated by electromagnetic field. On the basis of these six aspects, the influence of frequency, current or waveform of frequency conversion electromagnetic field on the crystallization process of NaCl solution is analyzed. The conclusions are as follows: (1) for the frequency experiment, when the sinusoidal frequency is 25 kHz and the square wave frequency is 20-25kHz, The effect of electromagnetic Field on the Crystallization process of NaCl solution the largest effect of electromagnetic Field on the quality of crystalline crystals precipitated by evaporation of NaCl solution decreases the largest (sinusoidal wave -28.57, square wave -20.00%) the mass of dissolution of NaCl solution to NaCl salt is affected by electromagnetic field. The surface tension coefficient of NaCl solution is affected by electromagnetic field and the amplitude is the largest (sine wave 7.35%, square wave 3.89%). The crystal pattern arrangement of NaCl tends to aggregate due to the influence of electromagnetic field. The intensity of Raman scattering of square waves increases by the largest amplitude (the IR variation rates of the six Raman peaks are 1.09% and 1.04%, respectively) and 1.133.1.136% and 1.53%, respectively. The reason is that 25kHz is a specific frequency, which may cause the resonance of NaCl solution. At this frequency, the effect of electromagnetic field on NaCl solution is amplified. (2) for current experiment, With the increase of current to the maximum current of 1.4A allowed by the instrument, the ability to inhibit the precipitation of NaCl crystal (sinusoidal wave -18.18%), the ability of solution to dissolve NaCl salt block (sine wave 13.23%, square wave 4.60%), the increase of surface tension coefficient (sine wave 1.66%), The spectral peak increases (the IR variation rate of the three Raman peaks of sine wave is 1.17 and 1.18% respectively). If we want to enhance the effect of electromagnetic field on NaCl solution and increase the solubility of NaCl, we need to increase the current value of corresponding electromagnetic field. The stronger the current is, the stronger the effect of electromagnetic field on NaCl solution is. (3) for the experiment of 25kHz1.0A waveform, the crystallization process of NaCl solution is restrained by electromagnetic field treatment. Then the waveform can be compared to the triangle wave, the selection of sine wave and square wave is more appropriate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE358.5;O441.4

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本文編號(hào)：2168649