注蒸汽熱采硫化氫生成規(guī)律研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-05 10:28
【摘要】：隨著我國稠油蒸汽驅(qū)開采規(guī)模的不斷擴大,當高溫蒸汽進入地層時,會使原油、巖石基質(zhì)和地層水之間誘發(fā)一系列復雜的化學反應,進而產(chǎn)生CO2、H_2S等酸性氣體。其中,H_2S是一種劇毒有害氣體,對健康有極大危害性,且具有的化學活性還會對油田生產(chǎn)設備產(chǎn)生極強的腐蝕作用。因此,研究注蒸汽熱采過程中H_2S生成規(guī)律對生產(chǎn)中制定H_2S預防措施具有重要意義。本文在調(diào)研遼河小洼油田洼38區(qū)塊地質(zhì)特征和H_2S產(chǎn)出歷史概況基礎(chǔ)上,檢測分析了區(qū)塊中原油、地層巖性和油田水性質(zhì),探明了生成H_2S的硫源、硫的賦存形式以及硫酸鹽熱化學還原(TSR)過程中硫在高溫下的分餾特征。在高溫高壓反應釜中開展了稠油、巖心和水的H_2S生成模擬實驗,反應生成氣體和巖心元素分析表明,稠油水熱裂解和硫酸鹽熱化學還原為生成H_2S的主要途徑,且硫酸鹽熱化學還原以水熱裂解為基礎(chǔ),二者共同作用生成H_2S。同時,H_2S生成量隨硫酸根濃度上升而增多,且硫酸根易于與重烴類化合物發(fā)生熱化學還原。實驗數(shù)據(jù)分析表明H_2S生成量隨溫度和時間呈正相關(guān)變化規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)酸性條件促進H_2S生成,而堿性條件下則抑制H_2S生成,即H_2S生成受酸性促進和堿性抑制的影響作用機理。最后,在上述研究基礎(chǔ)上,開展了稠油和巖心替代分析純生成機理模擬實驗,探究了稠油水熱裂解和硫酸鹽熱化學還原反應路徑及基元反應。分析表明,稠油中噻吩類化合物水熱裂解反應以及巖心中黃鐵礦經(jīng)氧化后的硫酸鹽熱化學還原反應為生成H_2S的兩個基元反應路徑。本文在稠油、巖心和水檢測分析及硫源分析基礎(chǔ)上,開展了注蒸汽開采生成H_2S的熱模擬實驗,得到的受酸性促進、堿性抑制等研究成果為注蒸汽熱采油田H_2S防治工作提供了科學理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of the production scale of heavy oil steam flooding in China, when the high temperature steam enters the stratum, a series of complex chemical reactions can be induced between the crude oil, the rock matrix and the formation water, and then the acid gases such as CO2 and H_2S are produced. Among them, H_2S is a highly toxic and harmful gas, which has great harm to health and has the chemical activity. It has a very strong corrosion effect on oil field production equipment. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the H_2S generation law in the process of steam injection thermal recovery for the production of H_2S prevention measures. On the basis of the survey and survey of the geological characteristics and the history of the H_2S production history in the 38 block of the Liaohe small depression oilfield, this paper examined and analyzed the central oil, the lithology and the oil field in the block. Water properties, the sulfur source of H_2S, the form of sulfur and the fractionation characteristics of sulfur at high temperature in the process of thermo chemical reduction (TSR) of sulphate. Heavy oil, core and water H_2S simulation experiments were carried out in the reactor of high temperature and high pressure. The reaction generation gas and Yan Xinyuan element analysis showed that the thermal cracking of heavy oil and the thermo chemistry of sulphate were found. The reduction is the main way to generate H_2S, and the thermo chemical reduction of sulphate is based on the hydrothermal pyrolysis, and the joint action of the two produces H_2S.. The amount of H_2S generation increases with the increase of the sulfate root concentration, and the sulfate radical is prone to thermochemical reduction with the heavy hydrocarbons. The experimental data analysis shows that the formation of H_2S is positively correlated with the temperature and time. It is found that acid conditions promote the formation of H_2S and inhibit the formation of H_2S under alkaline conditions, that is, the mechanism of the effect of acid promotion and alkaline inhibition on the formation of H_2S. Finally, on the basis of the above study, the pure formation mechanism of heavy oil and core substitution analysis is simulated, and the hydrothermal pyrolysis of heavy oil and the thermo chemistry of sulfate are also explored. The analysis shows that the hydrothermal reaction of thiophene in heavy oil and the thermo chemical redox reaction of pyrite after oxidation in the core of the rock are two basic reaction paths for the formation of H_2S. On the basis of heavy oil, core and water analysis and sulfur source segregation analysis, the production of H_2S by steam injection is carried out in this paper. The results of thermal simulation experiment, which are promoted by acidity and inhibited by alkalinity, provide a scientific theoretical basis for the prevention and control of H_2S in steam injection thermal recovery oilfield.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.44
本文編號：2165519
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of the production scale of heavy oil steam flooding in China, when the high temperature steam enters the stratum, a series of complex chemical reactions can be induced between the crude oil, the rock matrix and the formation water, and then the acid gases such as CO2 and H_2S are produced. Among them, H_2S is a highly toxic and harmful gas, which has great harm to health and has the chemical activity. It has a very strong corrosion effect on oil field production equipment. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the H_2S generation law in the process of steam injection thermal recovery for the production of H_2S prevention measures. On the basis of the survey and survey of the geological characteristics and the history of the H_2S production history in the 38 block of the Liaohe small depression oilfield, this paper examined and analyzed the central oil, the lithology and the oil field in the block. Water properties, the sulfur source of H_2S, the form of sulfur and the fractionation characteristics of sulfur at high temperature in the process of thermo chemical reduction (TSR) of sulphate. Heavy oil, core and water H_2S simulation experiments were carried out in the reactor of high temperature and high pressure. The reaction generation gas and Yan Xinyuan element analysis showed that the thermal cracking of heavy oil and the thermo chemistry of sulphate were found. The reduction is the main way to generate H_2S, and the thermo chemical reduction of sulphate is based on the hydrothermal pyrolysis, and the joint action of the two produces H_2S.. The amount of H_2S generation increases with the increase of the sulfate root concentration, and the sulfate radical is prone to thermochemical reduction with the heavy hydrocarbons. The experimental data analysis shows that the formation of H_2S is positively correlated with the temperature and time. It is found that acid conditions promote the formation of H_2S and inhibit the formation of H_2S under alkaline conditions, that is, the mechanism of the effect of acid promotion and alkaline inhibition on the formation of H_2S. Finally, on the basis of the above study, the pure formation mechanism of heavy oil and core substitution analysis is simulated, and the hydrothermal pyrolysis of heavy oil and the thermo chemistry of sulfate are also explored. The analysis shows that the hydrothermal reaction of thiophene in heavy oil and the thermo chemical redox reaction of pyrite after oxidation in the core of the rock are two basic reaction paths for the formation of H_2S. On the basis of heavy oil, core and water analysis and sulfur source segregation analysis, the production of H_2S by steam injection is carried out in this paper. The results of thermal simulation experiment, which are promoted by acidity and inhibited by alkalinity, provide a scientific theoretical basis for the prevention and control of H_2S in steam injection thermal recovery oilfield.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.44
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，本文編號：2165519
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